WorksheetsMega Review (2024)
Total questions: 74
Worksheet time: 1hrs 8mins
Students in a high school biology class are preparing to conduct individual experiments to determine the conditions that are necessary for seed germination. Each student will design an experiment to test a single variable. The class data will then be collected and pooled in order to reach some general conclusions.
Which of the following is the most appropriate first step for each student to undertake?
Test a variable
Write a theory
Decide on a hypothesis to test
Gather and set up materials
What is the independent variable?
Seed Germination
Conditions
Amount of Water
Cannot be determined
Instructions: Read the paragraph below and answer questions 2 thru 4.
Certain enzymes can affect the structural elements of bacterial cell walls and cause the bacterial cell to burst. A biologist prepared a solution of such an enzyme and divided the solution equally into five aliquots, which were placed into test tubes labeled A, B, C, D, and E. The pH of each aliquot was then adjusted as shown in the table below. Three milliliters of a bacterial stock solution was added to each of the tubes. After 5 minutes, each tube was placed in a spectrophotometer and the percent of light transmitted was recorded.
This experiment was most likely designed to determine which of the following?
The most effective enzyme concentration for enzyme activity
The most effective pH for enzyme activity
Whether the enzyme adversely affects bacterial cells
Whether pH changes stimulate bacterial cell division
Which of the following is the dependent variable in the experiment described?
The catalytic activity of the enzyme
The temperature at which the experiment was conducted
The concentration of enzyme used
The concentration of the stock bacterial solution
Based on the data in the table, which pH results in the greatest disruption of bacterial cell structure?
3
5
7
11
One of the students decided to test the following hypothesis: Seeds need light to germinate. Which of the following experimental designs would be the most appropriate to test this hypothesis?
A. Plant ten seeds in soil and place them in a dark cabinet.
B. Place ten seeds on moist filter paper and place them on the windowsill. Place another ten seeds on moist filter paper and place them in a dark cabinet.
C. Place one seed in a dish of water under a light. Place another seed of the same type in a dish of water in a dark cabinet.
D. Put a full-grown geranium plant in the light and another full-grown plant of the same type in the dark.
Many protists are single-celled organisms, as are bacteria. However, protists and bacteria are in different biological kingdoms. Which 2 comparisons of protists and bacteria is NOT true?
Both protists and bacteria can be motile.
Both protists and bacteria are prokaryotes.
Protists are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes.
Protists may be photosynthetic, and bacteria can only be autotrophs.
The correct order of the biological hierarchy from largest to smallest is:
Domain, kingdom, class, family, order, phylum, genus, species.
Kingdom, phylum, order, family, class, genus, species, domain.
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Kingdom, class, order, phylum, family, genus, species, domain.
Refer to the cladogram and the animal pictures.
Which organism has amniotic eggs?
A. Prosimians
B. Amphibians
C. Insects
Fish
Which organism has a backbone but LACKS 4 legs?
A. Prosimians
B. Amphibians
C. Insects
Fish
Which graph best describes the relationship between trophic levels and available energy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A partial food web for the owl's ecosystem is shown.
According to the food web, owls belong to which of the following trophic levels?
producers
primary consumers
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
A decrease in the population size of which of the following organisms would
most directly reduce the owl's survival?
plant
frog
moth
mosquito
In the food web, ___ get the most energy and _____ gets the least energy.
plants; bats
moths; owls
plants; owls
mosquitos; frogs
The ocean sunfish (Mola mola) is a large, flat fish that spends most of its time in deep water feeding mainly on jellyfish. Sunfish often have many species of copepods, small crustaceans, that bury their heads into the soft tissue of the sunfish. Sunfish will swim to the surface of the water and lie sideways, allowing seabirds to eat the copepods from their skin.
Which list describes the types of relationships the sunfish has with other marine organisms?
Seabirds: mutualism Jellyfish: predation Copepods: parasitism
Seabirds: parasitism Jellyfish: commensalism Copepods: predation
Seabirds: predation Jellyfish: mutualism Copepods: commensalism
Seabirds: commensalism Jellyfish: parasitism Copepods: mutualism
Which process takes carbon from the environment and add it to the food chain?
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposion
Bruning (especially fossil fuels)
Select the 3 associated with viruses.
Nonliving pathogen
Lytic (quick) and Lysogenic (slow) reproduction or infections
Binary fission reproduction
Genetic Material (DNA/RNA) and Capsid (Protein coat)
Living, unicellular, pathogen
Which statement correctly compares viruses to bacteria?
Viruses are larger than bacteria, but both have a nucleus that contains genetic material.
Viruses are smaller than bacteria, but both have a nucleus that contains genetic material.
Viruses have a cell wall for protection, while bacteria are not surrounded by a cell wall.
Viruses have a protein capsule for protection, while bacteria are surrounded by a cell wall and a cell membrane.
The germ theory of disease states that:
macro-organisms can invade microorganisms and cause disease
cells are the fundamental units of life
one infectious agent causes one disease
inadequate washing can cause disease to be transmitted from one individual to a new individual
All are associated with bacteria EXCEPT
Prokaryote
Unicellular
Cytoplasm
Protista
Which of these topics best completes this concept map?
an animal cell
a prokaryotic cell
a virus
a plant cell
All are properly matched EXCEPT:
Mitochondria - photosynthesis
Vacuole- storage
Centrioles - cell division
ER-transport
Golgi - Packaging and shipping
Two cells are shown below. Which statement correctly identifies them both?
Cell 1 is prokaryotic; cell 2 is eukaryotic
Cell 1 is eukaryotic; cell 2 is prokaryotic
Both are prokaryotic
Both are eukaryotic
Some students used vinegar to dissolve the shells of 3 eggs and used these eggs as models of human red blood cells. The students observed the changes in the eggs when they were placed in different solutions.
Which correctly describes osmosis as depicted in the diagram?
5% vinegar - isotonic
pure water- hypertonic
corn syrup-hypotonic
5% vinegar -hypotonic
pure water- isotonic
corn syrup-hypertonic
5% vinegar- hypertonic
pure water - hyptonic
corn syrup - isotonic
5% vinegar - isotonic
pure water - hypotonic
corn syrup- hypertonic
This molecule represents the backbone of all cellular membranes. Which of these best represents a fatty-acid molecule?
A. Top left
B. Top right
C. Bottom left
D. Bottom right
The diagram illustrates the movement of glucose across a cell membrane.
Which is cell transport process is depicted?
Diffusion
Active transport (pump)
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis
Pepsin and trypsin are enzymes that aid in protein digestion.
Based on observations, pepsin most likely aids in digestion in which part of the human body?
Pancreas
Intestines
Mouth
Stomach
Humans have physiologically adapted to sweat if the body temperature rises past ideal levels. The ability to do so helps cool the body down. The polarity of water allows water to have a high ______________, which allows us to maintain homeostasis and survive as we are today.
Polarity
Adhesive Rates
Cohesive Rate
Specific Heat
Which cellular function of carbohydrates
and lipids should be placed in the shared
section of the Venn diagram?
Hormone production
Structural support of cell walls
Energy storage
Catalyst for chemical reactions
Nitrogen bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?
The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.
The number of adenines and cytosines determine the types of RNA that will be produced.
The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.
The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.
A model of an enzyme and its corresponding substrate is shown BEFORE a chemical reaction.
Which model best represents the molecules at the end of the reaction? (Hint: Compare with the BEFORE reaction model)
A
B
C
D
Which graphic organizer best compares the energy inputs and outputs of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
A.
B
C
D
During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this, cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide.,
Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in -
the formation of tumors
the immediate death of the cell
the transfer of cyclins to other cells
the formation of haploid cells.
Scientists can bioengineer skin in a laboratory to treat severe burns and other types of skin injuries. The bioengineered tissue is grown from living cells. The cellular process that enables the cells to grow and develop into tissue is -
Conjugation
Meiosis
Budding
Mitosis
Which table best compares the events that occur during different stages of the cell cycle?
F
G
H
J
This type of cell division creates 2 identical copies of cells with the diploid number of chromosomes
binary fission
mitosis
meosis
None of these
Associate with gamete (sex cell production), this cell division produces 4 genetically different cells with the haploid number of chromosomes.
Mitosis
Meiosis
Binar fiession
None of these
Components of DNA are shown. Which DNA component is most directly associated with the coding of genetic information?
A. Phosphate
B. Sugar phsopate backbone
C. Sugar
D. Nitrogen base (rungs)
In domesticated dogs, hair type is controlled by two different alleles. The allele for wire hair is (H) and the allele for smooth hair is (h).
When two heterozygous dogs are crossed, what percentage of the offspring is expected to be homozygous for smooth hair?
0
25
50
75
In certain dogs, deafness is due to a recessive allele (d), and normal hearing is due to its dominant allele (D).
What percentage of the offspring of a normal heterozygous dog and a deaf dog would be expected to have normal hearing?
0
25
50
100
Which of the following sequences represents chromosome number during fertilization?
n + n → 2n
2n→n+n
N→n
2n→2n
What contributed to the natural selection of the finches’ beaks? Select the three (3) answers that apply.
Eating tough seeds made their beaks thicker.
There was an abundance of food available for all fiches.
Genetic variation for beak size existed within the population.
Certain beak shapes were better suited for different food sources.
Reproduction increased in individuals who located enough food.
The modern horse (Equus) and two of its direct ancestors are shown in the diagram below. Which statement best explains how changes occurred leading from one species to the next?
Individual of each species adapted to differences in environmental conditions.
Individuals of each species learned traits and passed them onto the offspring.
Sudden environmental changes caused each species to develop in one generation.
Small structural changes in each species were passed on to offspring over many generations.
The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
It proves informations about the organisms’ habitats.
It shows possible common ancestry between organisms
It provides information to determine the organisms’ ages
It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.
The pattern of periods of slow change interrupted by periods of rapid change with few, if any transitional fossils, best describes the theory of __________
natural selection
genetic drift
punctuated equilibrium
gene flow
What is the carrying capacity of the graph?
around 500
more than 500
less than 500
around 600
Which of the following organisms is a herbivore.
butterfly
snake
fox
ladybird
Which is NOT an abiotic factor:
soil
air
bacteria;
water
Which is NOT a unique property of water?
Frozen water floats on liquid water.
Water covers most of the Earth’s surface and retains a large amount of heat.
Water molecules stick to each other through hydrogen bonds.
Water cools very rapidly.
Pictured is a monossacharide or glucose molecule. This is the monomer of___.
amino acid
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
lipid
What property of water helps to moderate earth's temperature?
adhesion
chohesion
Specific heat capacity
Latent heat of vaporization
What is the order of primary succession (rocky start) shown in this figure?
A, B, C, D
B, A, D, C
C, D, A, B
D, A, B, C
The picture shows what type of succession?
primary
secondary
tertiary
pond succession
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees (climax community)
Lichens → tree (climax community) → shrubs→Grasses
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees (climax community)
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees (climax community(
Pioneering species are the first species you will see in the early stages of primary succession. What is the example of a pioneering species in the picture?
lichens/moss
grasses
small plants
Chemical formula for Glucose-
CO2
H2O
C6H12O6
O2
If a heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a homozygous short plant, what are the possible genotypes that are produced?
TT
tall
short
Tt
tt
Which of the following statements describes the parental genotypes that would result in this Punnett square?
both parents are heterozygous
both parents are homozygous dominant
one parent is homozygous recessive and the other is heterozygous
one parent is homozygous dominant and the other is heterozygous
This organelle converts energy from food into usable energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
This organelle packages and deliveries proteins in vesicles.
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Nucleus
Golgi Apparatus
Autotrophs (producers) ___________________.
eat (consume) other organisms for energy
capture sun's energy to make their own food
Consumers are organisms that cannot make their own food. They are also called____________.
autotrophs
heterotrophs
True or false: 0-5 is the initial phase, 12-18 is exponential growth, 19- 24 is the carrying capacity, and 25-26 is the death phase.
TRUE
FALSE
Which statement is best supported by the phylogenetic tree shown?
Species W first came into existence 10 million years ago
Species V is still alive today and is the oldest species.
Species X, Y, and Z became extinct 20 million years ago
Species W is still developing from a prior species
According to modern biologist, hereditary variations are due to...
use or lack of use of organs
inheritance of characteristics acquired during development
need for adapting to a changed environment
genetic changes resulting from mutations and recombinations
Two fruit flies are crossed with each other. The offspring is a female and will inherit which set of chromosomes?
Mendel's idea that inheriting a particular allele for eye color does not affect the ability to inherit any other allele for hair color. For example, you could inherit your mom's hair color and your father's eye color. One trait does NOT affect the inheritance of other.
Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
Law of Dominance
Law of Meiosis
To classify an organism a scientist finds in the field, which of these will the scientist first compare to other known organisms?
Diet
Niche
Physical Structure
Reproductive Method
Darwin's explanation for evolution was dependent on which scientific concept?
the ability of organisms to learn
significance of social behaviors to survival
the existence of variations in a population
the relationship between size and survival
The weakness of hydrogen bonds between the bases of DNA allows-
rearrangement of the sequence of bases to take place
base pairs to separate during transcription and replication
new bases to be separated into the DNA molecule
conversion of bases to amino acids in the event of cell starvation
Which of these would most likely result in a change to the current classification of an organism?
discovering organisms with similar physical traits in fossil record
finding a related organism that was previously considered extinct
Observing organisms that occupy the same ecological niche
linking the organism to different ancestors through DNA sequencing
Which DNA triplet would transcribe and translate to produce the amino acid Histidine?
CGA
GTG
CUC
UUU
What is the relationship between an organism's DNA and Protein specificity?
DNA becomes a specific part of the protein structure
DNA determines the ribosomal RNA sequence that becomes part of the protein structure
DNA determines RNA molecules are incorporated into protein molecules
DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each protein
In this diagram, to reach equilibrium, water will ___ the cell because the solution is ____
move into; hypotonic
move out of; hypertonic
not move; isotonic
none of these
All are inferences EXCEPT (Choose the 1 observation):
The boy has fallen off his bike.
The boy is in a lot of pain.
The boy has injuries to his knees.
The boy learned his lesson about wheelies.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
predator (+) vs prey (X)
commensalism (+o)
mutualism (++)
parasitism (+-)
What is the correct order from oldest (happened first) to youngest (happened last) in this pond succession?
A, B, C, D
D, C, B, A
B, A, D, C
C, D, A, B
Which 3 are density dependent factors (biotic or living AND population size matters)?
unusual weather
competition
food
natural disaster
disease
Which worm is Nais?
