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WorksheetsSemester Exam Review
Total questions: 105
Worksheet time: 55mins
front of the body
ventral
dorsal
medial
lateral
back of the body
ventral
dorsal
medial
lateral
Which letter represents the dorsal fin(s)?
A
B
C
Which letter represents the caudal fin(s)?
A
B
C
What organ do bony fish use to increase buoyancy?
Swim bladder
Large, oil-producing liver
Spiracles
This organ in the fish digestive system absorbs most of the nutrients in your food
Mouth
Stomach
Intestine
spleen
The _______ is an organ of the lymphatic system that recycles worn-out red blood cells and produces and stores lymphocytes.
lymph
tissue fluid
lymph node
thymus
spleen
Atrium
Ventricle
Which structure in the digestive system is primarily involved in the reabsorption of water?
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Liver
outermost layer of skin
epidermis
dermis
melanin
pore
All 20 feet of your small intestines are held together in a bundle by a membrane that holds the blood and lymph vessels that pick up food. This membrane is called
serosa
mesentary
greater omentum
parietal peritoneum
Breathing and heart rate
What is a special feature of a frog's skin, that allows it to live in water?
The skin is thin and smooth and can allow oxygen from the water to enter the frogs blood.
The skin is thin and smooth and protects it from predetors with sharp teeth.
The skin is thick and rough and acts as an armor against all predators that might eat it.
The skin thick and rough and provides friction while the frog is swimming to help it balance.
Frogs use these colored pigment cells that can contract and expand in order to produce colors, textures and patterns.
Chromatophores
Ctenidia
Olfactory Receptors
Radulations
Mantle Pores
What is the carrying capacity of the graph?
around 500
more than 800
less than 300
around 700
What happened to the trees and plants in Yellowstone National Park when the elk population (herbivores) increased?
The trees and plants flourished
The trees and plants declined
The trees and plants remained the same
The trees and plants migrated to a different area
What is the definition of a keystone species?
A species that has a large impact on its habitat
A species that is at the top of the food chain
A species that is endangered
A species that is found in Yellowstone National Park
Which below is biotic?
clouds
rock
tree
sun
Limiting factors which impact the size of a population no matter how large/small that population is.
Density Independent Limiting Factors
Density Dependent Limiting Factors
Carrying Capacity
Exponential Growth
An abiotic factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decrease a population (no matter the size) are considered to be.
density- dependent factor
population density
dispersion
density- independent factor
Due to stress from lack of space, large numbers of female lemmings miscarry their young and fail to reproduce.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
Producers
Carnivores
Herbivores
Top Predator
Secondary consumers are also known as...
Herbivores
Omnivores
Carnivores
An animal that only eats secondary consumers would be a....
Primary producer
primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Tertiary consumer
The omnivores in this diagram are the .....
Grass
Rabbits
Snakes
Hawk
The bug was 5cm long. This is...
Qualitative data
Quantitative data
The plant has purple flowers on it. This is...
How is the carbon cycle similar to the water cycle?
Both involve liquid substances falling to the Earth from the atmosphere?
Neither process works at low temperature.
Both involve the transfer of substances between animals, plants, and the Earth.
Both involve the transfer of substances between the earth and outer space.
What is the effect of increasing hydrogen ions on the ocean?
They increase the pH of seawater
They help form shells and exoskeletons
They release CO₂ into the atmosphere
They lower the pH of seawater
Which of the following is an example of human impact on the carbon cycle?
The increased production of methane gases from cattle farms
The burning of fossil fuels
The cutting down of trees for lumber
Driving automobiles
All of the above
Nitrogen fixation...
animals eat the plants and other animals that contain nitrogen and release it through their waste
Bacteria in the soil and lightning in the atmosphere “fix” the nitrogen
Once in the ground, bacteria in the soil also nitrify the nitrogen
plants absorb nitrogen through their roots and return it back to the atmosphere
Denitrification...
animals eat the plants and other animals that contain nitrogen and release it through their waste
Bacteria in the soil and lightning in the atmosphere “fix” the nitrogen
nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere from the animal’s waste or decomposers
plants absorb nitrogen through their roots and return it back to the atmosphere
A side-effect when a certain species that usually helps to keep the entire ecosystem balanced is reduced or removed. When their numbers are changed there is an ecological imbalance.
trophic level
trophic cascade
food web
food chain
What happens when you remove a species from the beginning of a food web?
Every other population is affected
Only populations directly connected to the removed species are affected
Nothing - everything stays the same
By looking at the chromosomes how can you tell that this person is biologically female?
Because there are two X chromosomes
Because there are more chromosomes than in a male
This is called Turners syndrome, can you notice the mutation in the chromosomes?
Both chromosomes 1 are bent
There are too many chromosomes
There are too many of chromosome 3
There is no Y chromosome
This disorder is called "Cry of the cat", can you find the chromosomal mutation?
There are too many chromosomes
They are missing the Y chromosome
Chromosome 1 is bent
Chromosome 5 is too short (missing a piece)
What does A indicate?
A male that has the trait.
A female that has the trait.
A female that does not have the trait.
A male that does not have the trait.
In the diagram, individual III-3 indicates
a female with no freckles
a male with no freckles
a male with freckles
a female with freckles
Individuals that are shaded in have premature hair whitening. Is this trait dominant or recessive? How do you know?
Dominant because it skips generations
Dominant because it is present in every generation
Recessive because it skips generations
Recessive because it is present in every generation.
Huntington's Disease is a dominant trait.
What is the correct genotype for individual I-2?
HH
Hh
hh
H?
Is this pedigree dominant, recessive, or sex-linked recessive?
Dominant
Recessive
Sex-Linked Recessive
If a child shows a recessive disorder, and his brother does not, his healthy parents' genotypes are;
Hh and Hh
HH and HH
Hh and HH
hh and hh
What is the genotype of the mother? Hint Draw a punnett square
BB
bb
Bb
BB or Bb
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). Which of the following represents the genotype of a pea plant that is heterozygous?
RR
round
Rr
wrinkled
rr
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). Which of the following represents the genotype of a pea plant that is homozygous dominant?
RR
round
Rr
wrinkled
rr
In mice, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). According to the Punnett square shown, how many offspring would be black?
0
1
2
3
4
Fill in the Yellow Box
Bb
BB
bb
Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA
DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose
DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine
DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix
DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil
Which organelle is the location where protein is made?
Ribosome
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleotide
During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
dRNA
When these bond together, they form a protein
Amino Acids
Peptide Bonds
Ribose
Nucleotides
A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein
Ribose
Amino Acids
tRNA
Gene
How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?
20
4
1
3
Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA
UUGACUU
TTGACTT
AACTGAA
AACUGAA
Transcribe the sequence - ATT
UAA
TAA
STOP
Isoleucine
Translate the following codon - GAU
CTA
CUA
Aspartic Acid
Leucine
An original strand of DNA has the sequence: GGC ATG AAC. A point mutation results in a change in the sequence: GGC ATG AAT.
Using the mRNA codon chart above, what is the most likely result from this change?
One amino acid will change to asparagine.
One amino acid will change to phenylalanine.
All three amino acids in the sequence will change.
All three amino acids in the sequence will remain the same.
An amoeba, a single-celled protist, is exposed to a chemical known to cause DNA mutations. A segment of DNA changes from TAC CCC CAT ACG to TAC CCC CCA TACG. What type of mutation was caused by the mutagen?
base substitution
insertion
inversion
deletion
What is the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins?
Nucleic acids and proteins both contain peptide bonds.
Nucleic acids are the basic building blocks for proteins.
Nucleic acids provide the instructions on how to build proteins.
Nucleic acids store energy used by proteins during chemical reactions.
This chart shows which amino acids are produced from different combinations of mRNA.
What is the correct sequence of amino acids produced from a segment of mRNA described by AUG CUA GUG AAA?
Methionine-Leucine-Valine-Lysine
Methionine-Isoleucine-Lysine-Tyrosine
Methionine-Leucine-Alanine-Aspartate
Methionine-Leucine-Methionine-Histidine
A point mutation where a single base is different, but it still codes for the "right' amino acid; so it does not change the protein
Silent Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Missense Mutation
Insertion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
A point mutation where a single base is different, and it results in a "wrong" amino acid being added
Silent Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Missense Mutation
Insertion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
A point mutation where a single base is different, and it results in a STOP codon, causing the protein to have to be missing many amino acids
Silent Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Missense Mutation
Insertion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
A mutation where a base is missing, causing a frameshift (where all codons after it are "wrong")
Silent Mutation
Nonsense Mutation
Missense Mutation
Insertion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
If the ___ of a protein is/are changed, then it will not function or will not function in the same way
structure (order of amino acids)
order of the monosaccharides
ATP
Traveling away from the equator, what happens in general to the amount of UV intensity?
The intensity decreases.
The intensity increases
The intensity stays the same.
It is impossible to predict.
Which answer is more appropriate?
Traits are good or bad.
Traits can be harmful or hurtful depending on the environment.
Traits are always helpful or hurtful, regardless of the environment.
Traits are helpful or bad.
A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:
the green population to increase and the yellow to decrease
both populations should stay the same
both populations will increase
the green population to decrease and the yellow to increaseThis is a wrong answer
What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?
natural selection
mutation
camouflage
adaptation
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Because they come from dominant alleles.
Because they come from recessive alleles.
Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.
The process of passing down favorable traits to one's offspring is called
Artificial Selection
Mutations
Evolution
Inheritance
A variation is . . .
when organisms have camouflage like spots or stripes
an organism from a different dimension
when you order different food than your friend
differences between organisms in the same species
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
To look different from other species.
To protect itself against predators.
To protect itself against prey
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
Variations are caused by . . .
Kaleidoscopes
Variety Shows
Mutations
A change in phenotypic expression
This type of camouflage is having different colors or patterns above and below, to camouflage the upper-side for observers from above, and the under-side for observers from below.
Transparency
Disruptive Coloration
Counter Shading
Color Matching
The rapid evolution of a group following its introduction into a new habitat or occupation of newly available niches is called ________________?
adaptive radiation
microevolution
coevolution
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
