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Final

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
2.
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. 
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
3.
The summary at the end of an experiment that explains the results. 
a)
conclusion
b)
procedures
c)
materials
d)
responding variable
4.
Bio = 
a)
Earth
b)
Sphere
c)
Life
d)
Water
5.
This sphere includes the continents, the ocean floor, all the rocks on the surface, and all of the sand in the deserts. 
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
6.
This system is made up of all the water on or near the earth's surface
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
7.
Hydro = 
a)
Earth
b)
Sphere
c)
Life
d)
Water
8.
The body of gases surrounding Earth is the...
a)
Hydrosphere 
b)
Biosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Geosphere 
9.
Animals, forests, grasslands, and trees all belong to which sphere?
a)
Atmosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Lithosphere
d)
Hydrosphere
10.

What is Meteorology?

a)

The study of Meteors.

b)

The study of the entire atmosphere.

c)

The study of rocks.

d)

The study of organisms.

11.

What is Astronomy?

a)

The study of astrological signs.

b)

The study of Earth.

c)

It's space science.

d)

The study of all physical things beyond Earth.

12.

What are the 4 main spheres of Earth?

a)

Hemisphere, Lithosphere, Troposphere, and Ionosphere

b)

Exosphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere,and Ozonosphere

c)

Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, and Geosphere

d)

Thermosphere, Atmosphere, Hemisphere, and Ionosphere

13.
How does the carbon in grass become part of a lion?
a)
The lion eats the grass
b)
Carbon from grass doesn't end up in a lion. 
c)
The carbon ends up in the lion's food chain. 
d)
The lion breathes in carbon given out by the plant
14.

If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _________.

a)

Stay the same

b)

Increase

c)

Decrease

15.

How does the human body return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

a)

Waste products

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Cellular respiration

d)

Formation of glucose

16.

Where does all the carbon in organisms (living things) originate from?

a)

Earth's atmosphere

b)

Rocks

c)

Water

d)

Soil

17.

What kind of organism takes out the most carbon from the atmosphere?

a)

Plants

b)

Bacteria

c)

Animals

d)

Humans

18.

The process in which nitrogen circulates and is recycled is called

a)

The nitrogen cycle

b)

The carbon cycle

c)

The water cycle

d)

The phosphorus cycle

19.

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

a)

only plants

b)

only animals

c)

only bacteria

d)

all living things

20.

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

a)

From the air they breathe

b)

From the water they drink

c)

From the food they eat

d)

From the sun

21.

Gas that makes up 78% of our atmosphere.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

22.

According to this diagram, plants use nitrogen to make _________________________

a)

bacteria

b)

animals

c)

proteins

d)

decomposers

23.

Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.

a)

True

b)

False

24.
Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...
a)
bacteria
b)
plants
c)
animals
d)
producers
25.
Plants and animals cannot use nitrogen directly from the air.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
What happens when organisms die and decay? 
a)
Their bodies are lifted up
b)
Their nitrogen returns to the soil
c)
they keep their nitrogen
d)
They stay on earth forever
27.

A correct path that nitrogen could take would be

a)

air -> animals -> plants -> bacteria

b)

animals -> air -> bacteria -> plants

c)

bacteria -> air -> plants -> animals

d)

air -> bacteria -> plants -> animals

28.

From where do plants absorb nitrogen?

a)

Water

b)

Air

c)

Soil

d)

Animals

29.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the greatest amount of water vapor?
a)
Thermosphere
b)
Troposphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Stratosphere
30.
In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur?
a)
Mesosphere
b)
Thermosphere
c)
Stratosphere
d)
Troposphere
31.
What decreases as you go up in the atmosphere?
a)
Altitude
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Meteors
d)
Air Pressure
32.
What is the outer most main layer of Earth's atmosphere?
a)
Thermosphere
b)
Troposphere
c)
Stratosphere
d)
Mesosphere
33.
Which of the following is the correct order of the atmosphere layers from Earth to space?
a)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
b)
troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, stratosphere
c)
thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, exosphere
d)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere, thermosphere
34.
Describe how the ozone layer protects the earth.
a)
Absorbs solar radiation, Protects Earth from UV Rays,  and emits heat
b)
Ozone in the lower atmosphere is a pollutant
35.
The warming of the atmosphere by the trapping of heat being radiated to space is called
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
the greenhouse effect
d)
radiation
36.
A lava lamp with putty which heats, flows to the top, cools, then flows to the bottom is an example of:
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
37.
Heat from the sun travels to Earth by _____.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
insulation
d)
radiation
38.
Where we live.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
39.
This type of heat transfer is due to direct contact.
a)
Radiation
b)
Transpiration
c)
Conduction
d)
Convection
40.
When warm air rises and cools high in the atmosphere and then sinks to the earth creates _________ currents
a)
convection
b)
surface
c)
deep
d)
precipitaiton
41.

What do you call water falling from the atmosphere?

a)

Temperature

b)

Precipitation

c)

Barometric pressure

d)

Humidity

42.

Which type of cloud is a high cloud is thin and wispy, and predicts fair and pleasant weather?

a)

Cirrus

b)

Altocumulus

c)

Nimbostratus

d)

Cumulonimbus

43.

Which type of cloud is a vertical cloud that is a thunderstorm cloud that brings heavy rain, snow, lightning and tornadoes?

a)

Cirrus

b)

Altocumulus

c)

Nimbostratus

d)

Cumulonimbus

44.

Climate is the average weather over a long period of time.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The greenhouse effect is __________.

a)

The effect that warms the planet by trapping heat from the sun under a layer of carbon dioxide and other gases.

b)

The process by which humidity is trapped in certain areas of the earth.

c)

The process by which planets turn carbon dioxide into oxygen.

d)

The process by which humidity is trapped in certain areas of the earth.

46.

What is happening in the atmosphere at a certain time and place is called what?

a)

Climate

b)

Weather

47.
________ energy sources cannot be replaced quickly.
a)
Renewable
b)
Nonrenewable
48.

One way to help climate change turn around is...

a)

bury trash

b)

plant trees

c)

burn wood instead of coal

d)

Run away

49.

As plants and animals in the ocean die, the nutrients produced from their decay _____.

a)

are recycled by the Global Conveyor Belt

b)

sink to the bottom

c)

are destroyed by sunlight

d)

become coral reefs

50.
When surface currents meet continents they ___?
a)
Stop moving
b)
Are deflected (change paths)
c)
Continue in the direction they were going
51.
Ocean currents move energy in the form of
a)
Salt
b)
Water
c)
Heat
d)
Oxygen
52.
Ocean currents bring warm water from the equator towards Earth's
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Continents
c)
Equator
d)
Poles
53.

What heats the Earth's oceans?

a)

People

b)

Boats

c)

a heater

d)

sun

54.
Analyze the image. The red arrows represent warm water rising and the blue arrows represent cold water sinking. What type of heat transfer is responsible for this movement?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
55.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
56.
Why does most of the ocean life live in or at least visit the ocean surface?  
a)
that is where the majority of the oxygen and sunlight occurs
b)
that is where chemo-synthesis occurs and therefore more life
c)
the water pressure is higher there and is more enjoyable
d)
the temperatures are colder and most animals need cooler temperatures
57.
Animal members of the plankton community.
a)
Phytoplankton
b)
Meroplankton
c)
Holoplankton
d)
Zooplankton
58.

What type of marine life is free-swimming in the open ocean?

a)

nekton

b)

plankton

c)

krypton

d)

benthos

59.

Which lives at the top of the ocean, or as far down as the sun can penetrate?

a)

Nekton

b)

Plankton

c)

Benthos

60.
This classification dwells on the ocean floor
a)
Benthos
b)
Nektons
c)
Phytoplankton
d)
Zooplankton
61.

How does the circulation of water and air affect temperatures around the Earth?

a)

does not affect temperature

b)

makes hot places hotter and cold places colder

c)

moderates temperatures, warming the poles and cooling the equator

d)

temperatures change in a random fashion

62.
Formed by heat and pressure
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Extrusive Igneous
d)
Intrusive Igneous
63.
Formed by compacting & cementing of sediments
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Extrusive Igneous
d)
Intrusive Igneous
64.
Formed by weathering & erosion
a)
magma
b)
sediments
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
intrusive igneous
65.
Formed by melting
a)
magma
b)
sediments
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
intrusive igneous
66.
Contains fossils. 
a)
sedimentary rocks
b)
metamorphic rocks
c)
extrusive igneous rocks
d)
intrusive igneous rocks
67.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
68.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
69.

This is the continuous process of rock changing from one type to another.

a)

Igneous rocks

b)

Sedimentary rocks

c)

Metamorphic rocks

d)

Rock Cycle

70.

Which of the following lists the steps an igneous rock undergoes in order to become a sedimentary rock, in the correct order?

a)

Deposition, erosion, melting, cooling

b)

Erosion, weathering, eruption, cooling

c)

Dissolving, deposition, cooling, fracture

d)

Weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation

71.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
72.
Which of the following is the most important agent of chemical weathering to form this cave?
a)
Water - It can carry acid and dissolve rock
b)
Erosion - Moves the rocks from one place to another
c)
Wind - It displaces rocks
d)
Exfoliation - New cracks give chemical reactions the chance to operate
73.
Potholes forming in the road after a cold winter is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
74.
How is mechanical weathering different from chemical weathering?
a)
Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than mechanical weathering.
b)
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; mechanical weathering does not.
c)
Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; mechanical weathering occurs only in cool climates.
d)
Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; mechanical weathering occurs only on flat land.
75.

Another mineral absorbing the water and turning it into a new substance.

a)

Mechanical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

76.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
77.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
78.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
79.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
80.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
81.

Which of the following is the name of the ancient supercontinent formed 280 Million Years ago.

a)

Pangea

b)

Gondwanda

c)

Laurasia

d)

Neverland

82.

The thick part of the earth's crust that forms the large landmasses. It is generally older and more complex than the oceanic crust.

a)

Oceanic Crust

b)

Continental Crust

c)

Magma

d)

Inner Core

83.
The boundary between two plates that slide past one another. 
a)
Divergent Plate Boundary
b)
Convergent Plate Boundary
c)
Transform Plate Boundary
d)
Subversive Plate Boundary
84.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
85.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

86.
This is the inner-most layer of the sun, where nuclear fusion happens. 
a)
core
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
chromosphere
87.
This layer contains currents of rising and sinking gas that carry energy to the surface.
a)
radiative zone
b)
corona
c)
chromosphere
d)
convective zone
88.
Innermost layer of the sun's atmosphere, produces the sun's light.
a)
chromosphere
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
radiative zone
89.
At 10,000 degrees Celsius, hydrogen begins to change into helium and energy is released in a process called
a)
supernova
b)
pulsar
c)
nuclear fusion
d)
nuclear fission
90.
What layer can be seen here?
a)
chromosphere
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
core
91.
What is the sun mostly made up of
a)
Helium
b)
Core
c)
Carbon
d)
Hydrogen
92.

The second gaseous layer of the Sun's atmosphere; has a reddish color

a)

Chromosphere

b)

Radiation Zone

c)

Photosphere

d)

Convection Zone

93.
What are large loops on the surface of the sun that release a large amount of energy? 
a)
Corona
b)
Photosphere
c)
Sunspiots
d)
Prominences
94.
What are dark areas on the surface of the sun that are cooler than the surrounding area?
a)
Prominences
b)
Sunspots
c)
Corona
d)
Solar Flares
95.

The layer of the sun where the energy of the core is radiated from

a)

corona.

b)

radiative zone

c)

convective zone

d)

core

96.

Dark, cooler regions on the surface of the sun that causes Earth's temperature to rise:

a)

Ice Age

b)

Monsoon

c)

Sunspots

d)

Leeward

97.
A star forming nebula is...
a)
birthplace of stars
b)
made up of gas and dust
c)
contracts due to gravity to begin forming a star
d)
All are correct
98.
As the core of the red giant collapses it condenses into a super bright and dense star called...
a)
a brown dwarf.
b)
a red super giant.
c)
a white dwarf.
d)
a black hole.
99.
After the main sequence, a high mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
100.
After a supergiant, a high mass star explodes and forms a
a)
supernova
b)
red giant
c)
black hole
d)
planetary nebula
101.
A high mass star can end as this stage, which is so dense that not even light can escape!
a)
black dwarf
b)
white dwarf
c)
supernova
d)
black hole
102.
What stage fills in the blank. Nebula --> Main sequence --> red giant --> ______________ --> white dwarf --> black dwaft
a)
supergiant
b)
planetary nebula
c)
black hole
d)
supernova
103.
______ is a force that causes dust particles to stick together in a nebula.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
friction
104.

What elements are most abundant in main sequence stars like our sun?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

105.

What primary factor affects the color of a star?

a)

Temperature

b)

Distance

c)

Brightness

d)

Size

106.

True or False: Stars that are larger in mass fuse Hydrogen and burn through their fuel faster than stars that are smaller in mass.

a)

True

b)

False

107.
What is the name of the explosion at the death of a massive star?
a)
Supergiant
b)
Supernova
c)
Black Hole
d)
Nebula
108.
Which stage of its life cycle does a star spend most of its time in?
a)
nebulae
b)
red giant
c)
protostar
d)
main sequence
109.

Low-mass stars eventually collapse into what final star remnant?

a)

Black holes

b)

Neutron stars

c)

White dwarfs, then Black dwarfs

d)

Nebulae

110.

What stage of stellar evolution is the Sun experiencing at this time?

a)

protostar

b)

main-sequence

c)

giant

d)

white dwarf

111.
Why are black holes black?
a)
No light can escape the black hole's gravity 
b)
No light is reflected from the closest stars
c)
They are transparent, so you see space
d)
Plants around it prevent light from hitting the black hole.
112.
All stars eventually run out of fuel?
a)
true
b)
false
113.

Which of these puts the main parts of an massive star's life cycle in the correct order?

a)

nebula>

Black Hole or Neutron Star>

main sequence>

Supernova>

red supergiant >

b)

nebula>

main sequence>

red supergiant>

Supernova>

Black Hole or Neutron Star

c)

red supergiant>

main sequence>

nebula>

Black Hole or Neutron Star

Supernova>

d)

main sequence>

nebula>

red supergiant>

Supernova>

Black Hole or Neutron Star

114.

The smaller the star, the longer it lives?

a)

True

b)

False

115.

A star is born when:

a)

nuclear fusion starts

b)

a nebula becomes a protostar

c)

gases in a nebula condense

d)

hydrogen is used up in fusion processes

116.
Hotter stars appear to be what color? 
a)
Red
b)
Blue
c)
Yellow
d)
Green
117.
Cooler stars appear to be what color? 
a)
Red
b)
Blue
c)
Yellow
d)
Green
118.
A star at the stage in its life cycle when it stops burning hydrogen, begins burning helium, and expands to a large, low-density star.
What stage in the life cycle does this describe? 
a)
Supernova
b)
Black Hole
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Red Giant or Red Supergiant
119.
What is the correct order for the life cycle of our star the sun?
a)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, black dwarf, white dwarf,
b)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf
c)
nebula, fusion stage, super red giant, black dwarf, white dwarf,
d)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, super nova, black hole
120.

Once star has ignited and has used up all of the hydrogen are called:

a)

Neutron Star

b)

White Dwarfs

c)

Red Giants

d)

Black Holes

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