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Unit 1 Review

Total questions: 112

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)
a)
circle
b)
ellipse
c)
focus
d)
perihelion
2.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis
3.
Where is the planet moving faster
a)
Position A to B
b)
Position B to C
c)
Position H to I
d)
Position I to J
4.
What has an eccentricity of zero
a)
a straight line
b)
a large ellipse
c)
a circle
d)
a small ellipse
5.
Kepler's 2nd Law deals with 
a)
the shape of the planets' orbits
b)
the speed/area the planet travels 
c)
the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun
6.
A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.
a)
faster
b)
slower
7.
The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once. 
a)
longer
b)
shorter
8.
The path a planet travels around the sun is called its 
a)
orbit
b)
ellipse
c)
barycenter
d)
precession
9.
What does Kepler's 1st Law state? 
a)
all planets move in elliptical shaped orbits around the sun
b)
all ellipses have foci
c)
not all ellipses have the same eccentricity
d)
the sun is located at one of the foci
10.
What does Kepler's 2nd Law state? 
a)
during a planet's orbit, the planet will sweep out equal areas in its orbit in equal amounts of time
b)
all areas are equal in space
c)
triangles have equal areas
d)
no two points in a planet's orbit are equal
11.
At position A, which hemisphere would have summer?
a)
Northern hemisphere
b)
Southern hemisphere
12.
Why does Earth have different seasons? 
a)
because of the distance between Earth and the sun 
b)
because of the speed of Earth as it rotates on its axis 
c)
because of the amount of light blocked by the moon on its axis 
d)
because of the tilt of Earth on its axis as it moves around the sun 
13.
During what month is the earth moving the fastest around the sun? 
a)
July
b)
March
c)
January
d)
September
14.
During which month is the earth moving the slowest? 
a)
July 
b)
March
c)
January
d)
September
15.

The change in the wavelength of light due to an object moving away from the observer.

a)

Big Bang Theory

b)

Blue Shift

c)

Red Shift

d)

Violet Shift

16.

The displacement of the spectrum to shorter wavelengths in the light coming from distant celestial objects moving toward the observer.

a)

Big Bang

b)

Blue Shift

c)

Red Shift

d)

Violet Shift

17.

Hubble's observations suggested not only is everything moving away from everything else but that all matter has taken the same amount of time to get where it is today. This best explains which:

a)

The Universe is expanding

b)

Galaxies are moving away from us.

c)

Galaxies are moving toward us.

d)

A and B

18.

Research proved the universe still expanding; proved galaxies exist outside of the milky way; classification system for galaxies; hubble telescope named after him

a)

Albert Einstein

b)

Edwin Hubble

c)

Fred Hoyle

d)

Penzias and Wilson

19.

Which term best describes conditions a few seconds after the Big Bang took place?

a)

frigid

b)

scorching

c)

liquid

d)

placid

20.

What is one major piece of evidence that the Big Bang theory is correct?

a)

astronomers have detected leftover radiation from the Big Bang

b)

everything in the universe has remained the in same location for billions of years

c)

astronomers have detected that the universe is no longer expanding

d)

astronomers have detected that the universe is contracting

21.

Which theory is used to explain the formation of the universe?

a)

Big Bang Theory

b)

Heliocentric Theory

c)

Geocentric Theory

d)

Creation Theory

22.

What is a Scientific Theory?

a)

A prediction of what will happen in an experiment.

b)

A summary of what you found in your experiment.

c)

An explanation of something that happens in nature that is backed up by results of many tests and experiments.

d)

A statement that can never be proven wrong.

23.

What is the evidence that the Universe is expanding?

a)

first galaxies were 200 million years ago

b)

radio telescopes

c)

Red Shift

d)

the Universe is not expanding

24.

An example of the "Doppler Effect" Red Shift of Light would be which of the following?

a)

Energy is found in the universe

b)

A police siren sounds different when it moves away from us

c)

Satallites orbit the Earth

d)

The Sun goes through an eclipse

25.

Why is Hydrogen and Helium so important when we talk about evidence of the Big Bang?

a)

it is components of the Sun

b)

they were the 1st elements from following the Big Bang

c)

their on the Periodic Table

d)

they created atoms following the Big Bang

26.
Galaxies that are redshifted are:
a)
actually blue.
b)
really far away.
c)
invisible.
d)
moving away from us.
27.
Our theory of the universe was confirmed by the discovery of:
a)
fusion.
b)
cosmic microwave background radiation.
c)
the Andromeda galaxy.
d)
the Doppler effect.
28.
Light waves that are stretched out by objects moving apart:
a)
have a shorter wavelength.
b)
travel faster than the speed of light.
c)
are invisible.
d)
appear more red.
29.
The most abundant element in the universe today is:
a)
water
b)
hydrogen
c)
oxygen
d)
carbon
30.
What is true about these stars?
a)
Both of these stars are moving away from us.
b)
Both of these stars are moving towards us.
c)
Both of these stars are blueshifted.
d)
The star Sirius is closer to us.
31.

This image describes:

a)

The redshift.

b)

The CMB.

c)

The distribution of each element in the universe.

d)

The amount of time the universe has existed.

32.
This is a picture of:
a)
The CMB.
b)
The Milky Way.
c)
The universe in the future.
d)
A redshifted star.
33.
The universe is expanding.  This means that:
a)
Galaxies are getting bigger.
b)
Atoms are getting bigger.
c)
The universe is creating more matter.
d)
The amount of space between galaxies is increasing.
34.

The observation that light from galaxies appears red supports the theory that...

a)

The universe is expanding

b)

The universe is shrinking

c)

Galaxies are moving towards the Earth

d)

Sound waves are moving away from the Earth

35.

Which is NOT true? Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is...

a)

Is evidence for the Big Bang

b)

Is leftover energy from the start of the universe expansion

c)

Something that heats up our food

d)

Something that was first discovered by accident

36.

The universe being composed of 74% hydrogen and 25% helium is evidence of the Big Bang Theory.

a)

True

b)

False

37.
What is true about these two galaxies?
a)
The Sombrero Galaxy is closer to us.
b)
The Pinwheel Galaxy is moving away from us more slowly.
c)
The Pinwheel Galaxy is moving towards us.
d)
The Sombrero Galaxy is not moving.
38.

In red shift, the wavelengths of light become

a)

Longer

b)

Shorter

c)

Bluer

d)

Slower

39.

The specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the electrons of atoms or molecules as those electrons return to a lower and more stable energy state

a)

particle ionization

b)

electron spectrum

c)

emission spectra

40.

A unit of length equal to the distance that light travels through space in one year.

a)

Leap Year

b)

Light-Year

c)

Frequency

41.

A reaction in which two light nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass, resulting in the release of a large amount of energy.

a)

Nuclear Bomb

b)

Nuclear Fusion

c)

Nuclear Fission

42.

The explosion of a massive star at the end of its life cycle

a)

Galaxy

b)

Milky Way Galaxy

c)

Supernova

d)

Universe

43.

The Big Bang Theory states that all matter started as a small volume and then...

a)

expanded in all directions

b)

contracted even smaller

c)

caused an atomic explosion

d)

burned up and exploded

44.
The universe is expanding!  This means that:
a)
all of the galaxies are spreading out.
b)
the universe must have started from a single point.
c)
the universe is cooling down.
d)

all of the choices here.

45.
What is true about these stars?
a)
Both of these stars are moving away from us.
b)
Both of these stars are moving towards us.
c)
Both of these stars are blueshifted.
d)
The star Sirius is closer to us.
46.

The Big Bang Theory explains the formation of the...

a)

Earth

b)

Sun

c)

Universe

d)

Solar System

47.

The big bang is described as...

a)

a destructive explosion.

b)

a sudden expansion.

c)

a rapid contraction.

48.

Hubble's Law describes that the galaxies that are the farthest away from us are...

a)

moving away the fastest.

b)

moving toward us the fastest.

c)

not moving at all.

d)

disappearing.

49.

Which of the following is true of the Big Bang Theory

a)

It is a theory because it has no scientific evidence.

b)

It is also known as the slow expansion theory.

c)

It is supported by many different kinds of scientific evidences.

d)

It is not a theory, but actually a law.

50.

Galaxies that are REDSHIFTED are:

a)

actually BLUE

b)

really NEAR earth

c)

invisible or not visible

d)

moving AWAY from us.

51.

If something that makes light is moving AWAY from you, it spreads the wavelengths of light out. This application of the Doppler effect is known as ___.

a)

blue shift

b)

green shift

c)

red shift

d)

black shift

52.

A galaxy showing BLUE SHIFT is ___.

a)

very cold

b)

moving TOWARDS OR TO us

c)

dying

d)

about to supernova

53.

How is the "Big Bang" described?

a)

an explosion

b)

an expansion

c)

a contraction

54.

A light year is the (a)   light can travel in one year.

55.

The Universe is comprised of 74% _____________________.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Helium

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Nitrogen

56.

The Universe is comprised of 25% _____________________.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Helium

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Nitrogen

57.
If a star is being observed from Earth and it's light has shifted towards the blue side of the electromagnetic spectrum it would be...
a)
Moving towards the Earth
b)
Moving away from the Earth
c)
This is a trick question that cannot be answered
d)
It isn't a star, it is a very large blueberry.
58.

The doppler effect is the change in the frequency of waves emitted by a moving object. When the waves being emitted by the object are LIGHT waves, the change in frequency results in a change in __________.

a)

Brightness

b)

Heat

c)

Pitch

d)

Color

59.

A light wave with a higher frequency is going to...

a)

have a lower wavelength

b)

appear red

c)

have a higher wavelength

d)

Move much slower

60.

In regards to sound waves, the doppler effect is going to change the frequency of the wave, resulting in a change in __________.

a)

color

b)

volume

c)

pitch

d)

size

61.

Hydrogen was the first element to be formed after the big bang, because...

a)

It is the simplest element

b)

the temperature at that time was just right for hydrogen

c)

It is used as fuel for stars

d)

it was chosen completely at random

62.

350,000 years after the big bang, gravity pulled all the hydrogen atoms into big balls of gas that ignited under pressure, creating the first __________.

a)

Stars

b)

Planets

c)

Amoebas

d)

Light

63.
Stars can take different paths due to having different _____________
a)
temperature
b)
mass
c)
brightness
d)
color
64.
All stars start as gas and dust in a(n)
a)
nebula
b)
black hole
c)
red giant
d)
black dwarf
65.
After the main sequence, a low mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
66.
After the main sequence, a high mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
67.
After a supergiant, a high mass star explodes and forms a
a)
supernova
b)
red giant
c)
black hole
d)
planetary nebula
68.
A high mass star can end as this stage, which is so dense that not even light can escape!
a)
black dwarf
b)
white dwarf
c)
supernova
d)
black hole
69.
Which of the following is NOT a final stage of a star. 
a)
black hole
b)
black dwarf
c)
neutron star
d)
red giant
70.

A stellar nebula is made up of...

a)

clouds of gas

b)

clouds of gas and dust

c)

stars

d)

planets

71.

Our sun is known as a middle-aged, stable star. Also known as a ____________________.

a)

Gas Giant

b)

Nebula

c)

Pulsar

d)

Main Sequence Star

72.

What is a celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light from nuclear fusion reactions?

a)

Nebula

b)

Star

c)

Galaxy

d)

Planet

73.
A star is born when ________________ begins to happen.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
nuclear abrasion
c)
crying
d)
nuclear fission
74.
The core of a Red Giant collapses and becomes a ___________________.
a)
White Dwarf
b)
Blue Supergiant
c)
Red Supergiant
d)
Black Hole
75.
After a supernova, the core can collapse into a neutron star, or if massive enough even a ___________.
a)
Black Hole
b)
White Dwarf
c)
Brown Dwarf
d)
Black Dwarf
76.
When a Red Giant's outer atmosphere drifts away it is now known as a ____________.
a)
planetary cloud
b)
White Dwarf cloud
c)
planetary nebula
d)
expanding nebula
77.
A black hole is an object so dense with so much gravity that even ________ cannot escape.
a)
man
b)
bacon
c)
spaceships
d)
light
78.
a gigantic explosion that causes the death of a large star
a)
pulsar
b)
red giant 
c)
supernova
d)
black hole
79.
The color of a star depends on its
a)
size
b)
temperature
c)
shape
d)
magnitude
80.
What color are the hottest stars?
a)
red
b)
yellow
c)
orange
d)
blue
81.
As our sun continues through its life cycle, it will _________.
a)
gradually get smaller and smaller until it dies out.
b)
Gradually get larger until its outer layers drift off.
c)
become denser and denser until it forms a black hole.
d)
become hotter and hotter until it becomes a blue hypergiant.
82.
What is the relationships between the size of a star and its lifetime?
a)
The larger the star, the shorter the lifetime.
b)
The larger the star, the longer the lifetime.
83.
All stars in the main sequence stage are fusing ________ into ________ in their cores.
a)
hydrogen into helium
b)
helium into carbon
c)
oxygen into iron
d)
helium into hydrogen
84.
What is the correct life cycle of a star like our Sun?
a)
Nebula, main sequence, red supergiant, supernova, black hole, neutron star
b)
nebula, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf, black dwarf 
c)
Main sequence, white dwarf, red giant, red supergiant, nebula
d)
Nebula, main sequence, brown dwarf, white dwarf, black dwarf
85.
Which stage do stars spend the majority of their lives in?
a)
Nebula Stage
b)
Main Sequence
c)
Red Giant Stage
d)
Dying stage
86.
Why won't our sun ever become a black hole?
a)
It is too massive
b)
It is too old
c)
It is too young
d)
It is too small
87.
This is an image of the formation of a star, also known as a .... 
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Planetary Nebula
c)
Supernova
d)
Stellar Nebula
88.
What determines if a star becomes a giant or a supergiant?
a)
star size
b)
star temperature
c)
star color
d)
star luminosity
89.
What is the location of fusion in a star?
a)
in the cloud
b)
on the surface
c)
in the core
d)
in the red cloud
90.

What star phase happens when an average star expands its outer layers to increase in size and luminosity (brightness)?

a)

Neutron star

b)

White Dwarf star

c)

Red Giant star

d)

Black Hole

91.

Which category of stars are very hot, but not very bright?

a)

Blue Giants

b)

Red Giants

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Red Supergiants

92.

Massive stars life cycles come to a close with an explosive Supernova phase which leads to which two outcomes?

a)

A black hole and a neutron star

b)

A black hole and a Red Supergiant

c)

A pulsar and a main sequence star

d)

A planetary nebula and a new planet

93.

What type of star is the Sun classified as?

a)

A red giant star

b)

A red supergiant star

c)

A neutron star

d)

A main sequence star

94.

Most stars of lower mass are more stable, and more common in our universe. These average stars are known as...

a)

Main Sequence stars

b)

White Dwarfs

c)

Red Giants

d)

Pulsars

95.

A collection of gas and dust where new stars are born is known as a...

a)

Planetary Nebula

b)

Black Hole

c)

Supernova

d)

Stellar Nebula

96.

The remnants of a Red Giant star after shedding its outer layers are the _______________ and ________________.

a)

Planetary Nebula and a White Dwarf

b)

Neutron Star and a Pulsar

c)

Neutron Star and a Black Hole

d)

Stellar Nebula and a Main sequence star

97.

Which star would be very hot and very bright?

a)

Rigel

b)

Sirius

c)

Alpha Centauri B

d)

Betelgeuse

98.

Which of the following pieces of information are given by an H-R diagram? Check all that apply.

a)

Temperature of the star

b)

Color of the star

c)

Planets around the star

d)

Location of the star

99.

Which group of stars is not very hot, but is extremely bright?

a)

White Dwarfs

b)

Blue Giants

c)

Red Supergiants

d)

Main Sequence

100.

Which category of star is the Sun found in on an H-R Diagram?

a)

Red Giants

b)

Main Sequence

c)

Blue Giants

d)

White Dwarfs

101.

What determines the life cycle path that a star will take?

a)

Mass of the star

b)

Temperature of the star

c)

Location of the star

d)

Speed of a star's rotation

102.
The effective temperature of a star is related to its...
a)
solar system
b)
luminosity
c)
absolute magnitude
d)
color
103.
About 90 percent of stars on the H-R diagram are ____ stars.
a)
red giant
b)
main sequence
c)
luminosity
d)
supergiants
104.

What color is Deneb?

a)

white

b)

red

c)

yellow

d)

blue or blue white

105.

What temperature is Barnard's star?

a)

~ 5000 C

b)

~ 6000 C

c)

~ 3000 C

d)

~ 4000 C

106.

What color are the coolest stars?

a)

blue

b)

white

c)

yellow

d)

red

107.
Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...
a)
Extremely Large and Cold
b)
Small with a medium temperature
c)
Medium size with medium temperature
108.

Compared to our Sun, the star Betelgeuse is

a)

smaller, hotter, and less luminous

b)

smaller, cooler, and more luminous

c)

larger, hotter, and less luminous

d)

larger, cooler, and more luminous

109.

Which list shows stars in order of increasing temperature?

a)

Barnard’s Star, Polaris, Sirius, Rigel

b)

Procyon B, Alpha Centauri, Polaris, Betelgeuse

c)

Aldebaran, the Sun, Rigel, Procyon B

d)

Rigel, Polaris, Aldebaran, Barnard’s Star

110.

Composition means:

a)

The size of a star

b)

What a star is made of

c)

How much light energy a star makes

111.

A light year (LY) is used by scientists to measure what?

a)

Energy

b)

Time

c)

Distance

d)

Temperature

112.

In the diagram given, what happens as we move from the right side to the left?

a)

Stars Get Larger

b)

Stars get Cooler

c)

Stars get Hotter

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