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Unit 2 Biology Exam

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A segment of DNA that has the ability to code for a specific characteristic.

a)

gene

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

chromatid

2.
Long strands of DNA are called
a)

Genome

b)

Chromosome

c)

Traits

d)

Genes

3.
Chromosomes are made of
a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Adenine

4.

An Example of an inherited trait would be?

a)

The bird likes big seeds

b)

The bird had two chicks

c)

The bird has a medium sized beak

d)

The bird lives in an oak tree

5.

A scientist is looking at a section of a chromosome that carries the code for red hair in a human. What part of a chromosome is he observing?

a)

Trait

b)

Gene

c)

DNA Sequence

d)

The genome

6.
Put in order smallest to largest:
a)
Chromosome - DNA - Gene
b)
Gene - DNA - Chromosome 
c)
DNA - Gene  Chromosome
d)
Chromosome - Gene  - DNA
7.

Genetically determined characteristic. For example: eye color.

a)

Gene

b)

Genetics

c)

Heredity

d)

Trait

8.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
9.

Which of the following is a base pair?

a)

Adenine - Cytosine

b)

Cytosine - Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose - Cytosine

d)

Cytosine - Guanine

10.
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?
a)
Chromosomes are made of DNA
b)
DNA is made of chromosomes
c)
DNA and chromosomes are the same thing.
d)
All of the above are correct
11.

DNA is wrapped around spool like proteins called

a)

hormones

b)

chemicals

c)

Histones

d)

enzymes

12.

Humans have ____________ pairs of chromosomes

a)

19

b)

23

c)

46

d)

25

13.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human female with the genetic disorder known as Turner syndrome. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the mutation is a result of

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

14.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human male. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the abnormality in this karyotype is:

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

15.

Homologous pairs:


(select all that apply)

a)

Have the same genes on them

b)

May have different alleles

c)

Each comes from one parent

d)

Combine to give you your genotypes

16.

Full set of chromosomes of a cell arranged with respect to size, shape, and number.

a)

chromatin

b)

karyotype

c)

phenotype

d)

genotype

17.

**************** chromosome

a)

metacentric

b)

acrocentric

c)

submetacentric

d)

telocentric

18.

The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?

a)

Mutations are a source of variation in the species

b)

Mutations are the cause of disease in the species

c)

Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells

d)

Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations

19.
What is the genotype of the mother?
a)
BB
b)
bb
c)
Bb
d)
BB or Bb
20.
What is the genotype of the father?
a)
AA
b)
aa
c)
Aa
d)
AA or aa
21.

Generation 2 individuals 5 and 6 are

a)

brother and sister.

b)

cousins.

c)

married.

d)

not related.

22.

On a pedigree, this symbol represents a ---

a)

not affected female.

b)

not affected male.

c)

affected male.

d)

affected female.

23.

If one of your parents is blood type A and the other is type B, which of the following blood types could you be?

a)

O

b)

AB

c)

A or B

d)

Any of these

24.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
25.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
26.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
27.
Give the genotype for person II-1, for this autosomal trait.
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
we cannot be 100% sure of the genotype
28.
If a trait SKIPS a generation, it is an indication that the trait is....
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
incompletely dominant
d)
co-dominant
29.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

30.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

31.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

32.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

33.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

34.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

35.

What is the mode of inheritance for this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

36.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT, what genotype would make a person UNAFFECTED?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

XAY

e)

XaY

37.

Assuming a trait is X-LINKED RECESSIVE, what are the genotypes of an AFFECTED person?

a)

XAY

b)

XaY

c)

XAXA

d)

XAXa

e)

XaXa

38.

How do you classify the following genotype : AA

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Homozygous Recessive

c)

Heterozygous

39.

If Purple Flowers (P) are dominant over white flowers (p), what would the phenotype be for a Pp genotype?

a)

Purple flowers

b)

White flowers

c)

Not enough information

40.

If straight hair (S) is dominant to curly hair (s) - what are the possible Genotype(s) for curly hair?

a)

ss only

b)

SS only

c)

SS or Ss

d)

Curly Hair

e)

Straight Hair

41.
The physical appearance of a trait is known as the-
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
characteristics
d)
intelligence
42.
Mark is heterozygous. If B is for brown hair, and b is for blonde hair, what is Mark's phenotype?
a)
Brown Hair
b)
Blonde Hair
c)
Brown and Blonde Hair
d)
Black Hair
43.
Alternative forms of a gene are called
a)
Alleles
b)
Homozygous
c)
DNA
d)
Genetics
44.
The allele combinations
a)
genetics
b)
mitosis
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
45.
incomplete dominance means that there traits are,,,
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
46.

The alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are both expressed with no blending.

a)

codominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

polygenic

d)

multiple alleles

47.

Which of these Punnett squares represents a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent?

a)
b)
c)
d)
48.

The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes.

a)

Epigenome

b)

DNA

c)

genome

d)

genetic markers

49.

All genes are expressed in every cell

a)

True

b)

False

50.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
51.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
rr
b)
AA
c)
TT
d)
Ff
52.

To discover whether an animal showing the dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous, it must be crossed with an animal that is:

a)

homozygous dominant

b)

homozygous recessive

c)

heterozygous

d)

Hemizygous

53.

In a test cross to determine whether a fruit fly is homozygous (WW) or heterozygous (Ww) for long wings, 7 long-winged flies & 1 short winged-fly are produced. Which is a valid conclusion?

a)

the fruit fly is WW

b)

the fruit fly is Ww

c)

the fruit fly is ww

d)

more offspring are needed

54.

In hamsters, long tails (L) are dominant to short tails (l). A student wishes to perform a test cross to determine whether a female long-tailed hamster is homozygous or heterozygous for tail length. She mates the hamster with a male long-tailed hamster & studies the offspring, which are 100% long-tailed. She concludes that the female hamster's genotype is "LL". What mistake(s) did the student make?

a)

she should have mated the female hamster with a male that was known to be hybrid

b)

she should have mated the female hamster with a short-tailed male hamster

c)

she should have mated the female hamster with another long-tailed female

d)

she has to mate members of the litter before she can make a conclusion

55.

Which phase of Mitosis is shown in the picture?

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

56.

Select the correct description for the picture

a)

Prophase: The cell PREPARES for cell division as chromosomes coil up.

b)

Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the MIDDLE

c)

Anaphase: Chromosomes pull APART to ends of the cell.

d)

Teleophase: Chromosomes unwind and start to form TWO new cells.

57.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)
segregation of sister chromatids
b)
condensation and segregation of alleles
c)
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
d)
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
58.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Telophase II
59.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Metaphase II
b)
Telophase I
c)
Telophase II
d)
Metaphase I
60.
What phases is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Anaphase II
d)
Interphase I
61.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
62.
What phase is this?
a)
Interphase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
63.

Which option below best completes this sentence:

Genetic variation refers to

a)

the presence of genetic similarities between individuals

b)

the presence of genetic differences between individuals

c)

similarities in the DNA sequence between individuals

d)

differences in alleles between individuals

64.

The diagram shows a diploid cell (2n=4) with genotypes.

Name the genotypes of possible daughter cells that have not undergone crossing over during meiosis.

(a)  

65.

Which of the following is the best definition for MEIOSIS?

a)

the process of two haploid cells uniting

b)

the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell

c)

a two-step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there is only one copy of all the chromosomes

d)

the equational division of a cell into two identical copies

66.

Check all of the following that DO occur during Telophase I and cytokinesis.

a)

The separated homologous chromosomes are at opposite poles of the cell.

b)

The cell divides in two.

c)

The chromosomes do not uncoil, since they are getting ready for Meiosis II.

d)

Sister chromatids are pulled away from each other.

67.

What phase does independent assortment take place?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Metaphase II

68.

When does DNA replication occur for meiosis?

a)

Before meiosis during interphase

b)

During prophase when the cell is preparing

c)

During metaphase when chromosomes are in the middle

d)

During telophase when the nuclear envelope is forming

69.

Describe the daughter cells in meiosis vs parent cell

The daughter cells are…

a)

Identical & Diploid

b)

Unique & Diploid

c)

Identical & Haploid

d)

Unique & Haploid

70.

Which type of asexual reproduction does this picture represent?

a)

binary fission

b)

vegetative propagation

c)

regeneration

d)

budding

71.

Asexual reproduction creates offspring that are

a)

genetically identical to the parent

b)

different from the parent

c)

different from each other

d)

formed by 2 parents

72.

Budding, vegetative propagation, regeneration, and binary fission are all types of

a)

sexual reproduction

b)

asexual reproduction

73.

The type of asexual reproduction shown in the diagram is called

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

vegetative propagation

d)

budding

74.

The type of asexual reproduction shown in the picture is called

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

vegetative propagation

d)

budding

75.

The purpose of cell division is

a)

growth

b)

evolution

c)

repair

d)

reproduction

76.

In an animal, why would skin cells reproduce

a)

growth

b)

evolution

c)

repair

d)

reproduction

77.

The egg cell of a koala contain 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a normal cell contain?

a)

6

b)

12

c)

24

d)

36

78.

A hydra has 32 chromosomes and reproduces by budding. How many chromosomes does its offspring have?

a)

8

b)

16

c)

32

d)

64

79.

Gametes are made in

a)

skin cells

b)

stomach cells

c)

reproductive systems

d)

the circulatory system

80.

What is it called when the egg and sperm cell join?

a)

zygote

b)

gamete

c)

fertilization

d)

mitosis

81.

Can adapt easier to an environmental change

a)

Sexual Reproduction Advantage

b)

Asexual Reproduction Advantage

82.

more energy is required to produce offspring and for that offspring to reach maturity

a)

advantage of sexual reproduction

b)

advantage of asexual reproduction

c)

disadvantage of sexual reproduction

d)

disadvantage of asexual reproduction

83.

can be easily wiped out by disease

a)

advantage of sexual reproduction

b)

advantage of asexual reproduction

c)

disadvantage of sexual reproduction

d)

disadvantage of asexual reproduction

84.
What is one disadvantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Only one parent needed
b)
Off spring are exact copies of parents
c)
Happens very quickly
d)
Needs two parents
85.
What are some of the facts about asexual reproduction?
a)
Takes only one mate to reproduce and takes a longer time to reproduce
b)
Takes a shorter amount of time to reproduce and it takes two mates to reproduce
c)
Reproduces diverse offspring and takes a longer time to reproduce
d)
Takes only one mate to reproduce and takes a shorter time to reproduce
86.

What type of asexual reproduction is it?

a)

vegetative propagation

b)

sporulation

c)

budding

d)

binary fission

87.

What type of asexual reproduction is it?

a)

budding

b)

regeneration

c)

sporulation

d)

binary fission

88.

What type of asexual reproduction is it?

a)

vegetative propagation

b)

sporulation

c)

budding

d)

binary fission

89.

A daffodil can reproduce through both sexual and asexual reproduction. How does it reproduce asexually?

a)

All Of These

b)

Self-Pollination

c)

Through their root systems

d)

Cross-Pollination

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