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Unit 1 Earth Science (24-25) - OL

Total questions: 109

Worksheet time: 19hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Rocks and soil are weakened by weathering and move very quickly downhill.

a)

Landslide

b)

Tornado

c)

Earthquake

d)

Volcano

e)

Flood

2.

Tectonic plates build up energy as they try to move past each other. When that energy is released suddenly, it causes ________.

a)

Hurricanes

b)

Landslides

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Tornadoes

3.

Too much rain can cause rivers and lakes to overflow. This causes:

a)

Hurricanes

b)

Floods

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Tornadoes

e)

Droughts

4.

A _____ is fast moving, column of swirling wind that forms during severe thunderstorms.

a)

Hurricane

b)

Earthquake

c)

Tornado

d)

Flood

e)

Blizzard

5.

Very large storms with strong wind and rain that form over warm ocean waters.

a)

Hurricane

b)

Tornado

c)

Landslide

d)

Tsunami

e)

Flash Flood

6.

A natural hazard can be _______ by humans.

a)

Eliminated

b)

Mitigated

7.

Reorder the following Natural Hazards from most predictable (1) to most UNpredictable (4).

a)

Drought

b)

Hurricane

c)

Tsunami

d)

Earthquake

1)
2)
3)
4)
8.

What do you call a tool that measure earthquakes?

a)

scale

b)

seismograph

c)

earthquake monitor

d)

Richter scale

9.
Why do so many volcanoes and earthquakes happen along plate boundaries?
a)
plates move and shift
b)
bad weather in these areas
c)
coincidence
d)
none of these
10.

Match the following

a)

Too much rain forces streams, rivers, and lakes to overflow

1.

Floods

b)

Magma beneath the Earth's is forced up to the surface

2.

Volcanoes

c)

Moving Plates get stuck and build up energy that is released quickly

3.

Earthquakes

d)

Huge spinning storms with high winds and heavy rains that form over warm ocean waters

4.

Hurricanes

e)

Fast spinnng columns of air that form in severe thunderstorms on land

5.

Tornadoes

11.

Of the natural hazards we've studied, which is the hardest to predict when it will occur?

a)

Tsunamis

b)

Volcanoes

c)

Hurricanes

d)

Earthquakes

e)

Wild Fire

12.

Why is it beneficial to be able to predict when and where natural hazards will occur as much as possible?

a)

So we can know when to take shelter or evacuate

b)

So that we can stop them from happening again

c)

So that scientists know where to go in order to study them up close

d)

So that we can harness their power for renewable energy

13.
Which is true of natural hazards?
a)

Most natural hazards can be prevented.

b)

It is impossible to prepare for a natural hazard.

c)

Most natural hazards take place where there are no people

d)

Many natural hazards are caused by weather.

14.

Which of natural these hazards are caused by the movements of tectonic plates?

a)

Earthquakes

b)

Tornadoes

c)

Volcanoes

d)

Tsunamis

e)

Droughts

15.

Which of natural these hazards are caused by the weather?

a)

Hurricanes

b)

Tornadoes

c)

Volcanoes

d)

Floods

e)

Earthquakes

16.

Match the following terms to their descriptions

a)

Geology

1.

The study of earth

b)

Hydrology

2.

The study of water

c)

Climate

3.

The patterns of temperature and precipitation in an area over time

d)

Weather

4.

The temperature and precipitation right now

e)

Biology

5.

The study of living things

17.

What natural hazards are most common where you live?

a)

Tornadoes

b)

Earthquakes

c)

Hurricanes

d)

Blizzards

18.

Scientists who study the weather are called _______.

a)

Meteorologists

b)

Geologists

c)

Biologists

d)

Hydrologists

19.

Scientists and engineers work together to try to reduce the damage from natural hazards. Which term is used to describe this process?

a)

mitigation

b)

technology

c)

scientific method

d)

controlling variables

20.

Which of the following is NOT a natural hazard?

a)

Hurricane

b)

Tornado

c)

House Fire

d)

Earthquake

21.

This type of natural hazard only forms over the ocean.

a)

Tornado

b)

Blizzard

c)

Thunderstorm

d)

Hurricane

e)

Flood

22.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)

Move away from each other

b)

Move toward each other

c)

Slide past each other

d)

Move down into the mantle

23.

A convergent boundary occurs when plates ....

a)

Move away from each other

b)

Move toward each other

c)

Slide past each other

d)

Move down into the mantle

24.

A fault is formed by the movement of a __________ plate boundary

a)

Transform

b)

Convergent

c)

Divergent

25.

Volcanic island Arcs form near __________ plate boundaries between two oceanic plates.

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

26.
Mountain ranges are created when....
a)

Two continental plates collide at a convergent boundary

b)

Two oceanic plates pull apart at a divergent boundary

c)

An oceanic plate subducts under a continental plate at a convergent boundary

d)

Two continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary

27.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
subducting
28.

What geologic feature/event would you most likely find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Mountain range

c)

Rift Valley

d)

Volcanic Islands

29.

What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a convergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?

a)

Volcanic mountain

b)

Mountain range

c)

Rift valley

d)

Volcanic Island

30.

Old crust is destroyed at what type of boundary?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

31.

New crust is created at what type of boundary?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

32.

Plates slide past one another at _______ boundaries.

a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
33.

This picture shows a volcano being formed due to the subduction of oceanic crust under continental crust.

Which picture has the arrows drawn correctly to show the direction the plates are moving?

a)
b)
c)
d)
34.

A trench is formed at a convergent boundary when one plate slides under another. This is called subduction.

Which picture shows the convection currents moving the correct directions to create a convergent boundary?

a)
b)
c)
d)
35.

What two types of crust are shown here?

a)

Oceanic and Oceanic

b)

Oceanic and Continental

c)

Continental and Continental

36.

Which TWO geologic features are formed at this type of boundary?

a)

Trench

b)

Volcanic Mountain Chain

c)

Volcanic Island Arc

d)

Rift Valley

e)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

37.

Which diagram shows the movement at a plate boundary that would form a mid-ocean ridge?

a)
b)
c)
d)
38.

What type of geologic feature would form here?

a)

Trench

b)

Mountain Range

c)

Fault

d)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

39.

What geologic feature would form here?

a)

Mountain Range

b)

Rift Valley

c)

Volcano

d)

Fault Line

40.

Match the plate boundary to its diagram.

a)
1.

New crust is created

b)
2.

Old crust is destroyed

c)
3.

Crust is cracked but not destroyed

41.

The Appalachian Mountain Range formed when Pangaea came together at ​a (a)   plate boundary.

Choose from the below words
convergent
divergent
transform
42.

When two continental plates converge (collide) what type of feature is formed?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Subduction Zone

c)

Rift Valley

d)

Mountain Range

43.

While exploring the Atlantic Ocean, scientists observe a geological feature at the sea floor where the tectonic plates are moving apart. What is this feature commonly called?

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Earthquakes

c)

Mid-Ocean Ridges

d)

Deep Ocean Trenches

44.

What would you be most likely to find at a convergent boundary between a continental and oceanic plate?

a)

Mountain Range

b)

Volcanic Mountain Chain

c)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
d)

Rift Valley

45.

Select the location(s) on the map where you would find a volcanic island arc.

A
B
C
D
46.

Select the location(s) on the map where you would find a trench.

A
B
C
D
47.

Wegener's idea of Continental Drift was rejected by geologists because _________.

a)

He used too many pieces of evidence to support the idea.

b)

It is impossible to predict what Earth looked like millions of years ago.

c)

He couldn't explain HOW or WHY the continents moved.

d)

They were afraid of the new idea.

48.

Underwater mountain ranges are called ____________.

a)

deep sea trenches

b)

mid-ocean ridges

c)

seafloor spreading

d)

continental drift

49.

The OLDEST rocks on the seafloor are located?

a)

Closest to the mid-ocean ridge

b)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge

50.

The YOUNGEST rocks on the seafloor are located?

a)

Closest to the mid-ocean ridge

b)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge

51.

What theory states that the continents were once part of a super continent called Pangaea and have moved slowly to their current locations over hundreds of millions of years.

a)

Oceanic wandering

b)

Land-form Evidence

c)

Continental Drift

d)

Fossil Distribution

52.

What types of evidence did Wegener use to support the theory of Continental Drift? (Select ALL answer that are correct)

a)

evidence from land features

b)

evidence from animal fossils

c)

evidence from ancient climates

d)

evidence from plant fossils

e)

evidence from human remains

53.

Who suggested the theory of seafloor spreading?

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Alfred Wegner

c)

Mrs. Bratton

d)

Albert Einstein

54.

According to Wegener, the continents used to be joined together as one supercontinent known as:

a)

South Africa

b)

Eurasia

c)

Pangaea

d)

Potlopia

55.

How long did it take the continents to move from Pangaea into their current position?

a)

Hundreds of years

b)

Thousands of years

c)

Millions of years

56.

Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Isaac Newton

57.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Eurasia

b)

Laurasia

c)

Pangaea

d)

Cornucopia

58.

The youngest seafloor crust is located...

a)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridges

b)

Closest to the mid ocean ridges

c)

Nearest the continents

d)

On the land

59.

The process of new seafloor forming when magma rises at the mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, pushing older rock away is called _____.

a)

Seafloor Spreading

b)

Continental Drift

60.

Hot magma (melted rock) is ______ dense than the solid crust.

a)
less
b)

more

61.

Select all the TRUE statements about seafloor spreading

a)

The oldest rocks are located closest to the mid-ocean ridges.

b)

Seafloor spreading explains how mid-ocean ridges are formed.

c)

Seafloor spreading explains how the continents moved apart.

d)

New seafloor is formed at mid-ocean ridges.

62.

What are TWO pieces of evidence for Seafloor Spreading

a)

Youngest rocks are located closest to mid-ocean ridges

b)

Reversals of Earth's magnetic field are recorded by rocks in strips parallel to ridges.

c)

Similar animal fossils are found on continents separated by oceans.

d)

It is very hot in the United States in the summer.

63.

At the Mid-Ocean Ridges you can find:

a)

underwater trees and bushes

b)

deep sea trenches

c)

the oldest crust

d)

the newest crust

64.

The image shows a diagram of the ocean floor near a mid-ocean ridge. Where would the oldest rock be found?

a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
65.

True or false: The tectonic plates will never stop moving

a)

True

b)

False

66.

Put the repeating steps of seafloor spreading in order.

a)

Magma MOVES to the SURFACE

b)

Magma FLOWS from the CRACKS

c)

Magma COOLS to form new SEAFLOOR

1)
2)
3)
67.

Convection currents in the _________ pull the seafloor apart.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Core

68.

Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

69.

Which type of rock is made from a rock being changed by heat and pressure?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

70.

This is a piece of granite. It was formed from magma cooling inside the Earth.


What type of rock is granite?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

71.

Which type of rock is changed by heat and pressure but does NOT melt?

a)

igneous rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

metamorphic rock

72.
Sediment goes through _________________ to become sedimentary rock.
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compacting and cementing
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
melting and cooling
73.

Rocks must go through _________________ to become Igneous rock.

a)
heat and pressure
b)
compacting and cementing
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
melting and cooling
74.

___________ rocks are formed from layers of sediments.

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

75.

Obsidian forms from lava that cools on Earth's surface. It is an extrusive ____________.

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

igneous rock

76.
Sedimentary and igneous rocks go through _____________________________ to become metamorphic rocks.
a)
weathering and erosion
b)
heat and pressure
c)
compacting and cementing
d)
melting and cooling
77.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
78.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
79.

Fossils are found in ____________.

a)

metamorphic rocks

b)

magma

c)

igneous rocks

d)

sedimentary rocks

80.

This type of rock is formed by compaction & cementation of sediments

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Igneous

81.

These small bits of rock are formed by weathering

a)

magma

b)

sediments

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

igneous rock

e)

metamorphic rock

82.

This liquid form of rock is formed when rocks get extremely hot and melt.

a)

magma

b)

sediments

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

83.

This type of rock has been deformed by intense heat and pressure causing ribbonlike layers to form.

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

84.

Put the steps of forming sedimentary rock in the correct order.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction & Cementation

1)
2)
3)
4)
85.

What is represented by the image labeled with the Letter D?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Igneous Rock

d)

Magma

e)

Sediments

86.

What is represented by the image labeled with the Letter A?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Igneous Rock

d)

Magma

e)

Sediments

87.

What process is labeled with the number 2?

a)

Cooling and Hardening

b)

Melting

c)

Compacting and Cementing

d)

Weathering and Erosion

88.

What process is labeled with the number 5?

a)

Cooling and Hardening

b)

Melting

c)

Compacting and Cementing

d)

Weathering and Erosion

89.

The process of breaking down rocks.

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

90.

Wind, water, ice, or gravity transporting rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

91.

Sediment building up at the mouth of a river forming a river delta

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

92.

Small pieces of weathered rocks are called ____.

a)

sediments

b)

deposits

c)

erosions

d)

weathers

93.

The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by physical processes.

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

94.

The breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions to form new types of minerals

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

95.

Water gradually wearing down and smoothing rocks over a long period of time is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

96.

When iron in rocks reacts with oxygen, it forms a new substance, iron oxide (rust), which weakens rocks and causes them to break apart. This is an example of...

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

97.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

98.

Waves dropping sand onto land until a beach is formed is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

99.

Acid rain slowly dissolving and wearing away rock over time is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

deposition

c)

erosion

100.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking rocks or pavement apart is an example of...

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

deposition

101.

A fast-moving river carrying mud and dirt is an example of...

a)

deposition

b)

weathering

c)

erosion

102.

The roots of plant can get into cracks and as they grow bigger they expand breaking the rock.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

103.

A river physically wearing down canyon walls over time is an example of...

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

104.

Wind blowing sand away from from a sand dune...

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

deposition

105.

Match the following

a)

Weathering

1.

Breaking down

b)

Erosion

2.

Transporting

c)

Deposition

3.

Building up

106.

Match the following

a)

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking a rock apart

1.

Weathering

b)

Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river

2.

Erosion

c)

Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers

3.

Depositions

107.

An avalanche is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

sediments

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

108.

Over long periods of time, the process of _______ may change the Earth's surface by forming new land features

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

weathering

d)

sediments

109.

The small particles of sand on a beach is an example of ______.

a)

sediments

b)

weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

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