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Physical Science Semester 2 Review

Total questions: 108

Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Stars are formed from big clouds of gas and dust is known as:

a)

dust cloud

b)

space fog

c)

neutron clouds

d)

nebulae

2.

The main force acting on a nebula is:

a)

thermal expansion

b)

singularities

c)

gravity

d)

microscopic adhesion

3.

A star is born when:

a)

nuclear fusion starts

b)

a nebula becomes a protostar

c)

gases in a nebula condense

d)

hydrogen is used up in fusion processes

4.

The two forces battling it out for the stability of a star are gravitational forces and:

a)

singularity expansion

b)

chemical bonding forces

c)

tidal currents

d)

thermal forces (heat) through convection

5.

A star that has ignited and has used up all of the hydrogen is called:

a)

Neutron Star

b)

White Dwarfs

c)

Red Giants

d)

Black Holes

6.

When the core of a Red Giant collapses it becomes a:

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Supernova

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

Black Hole

7.

When a massive star begins to cool and expand it is known as a:

a)

Black Dwarf

b)

Red Giant

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

White Dwarf

8.

When the core of a Red Supergiant collapses, a bright event occurs, known as:

a)

white dwarf

b)

supernova

c)

big bang

d)

black hole

9.

After a supernova, the core can collapse into a neutron star, or if massive enough it can become a:

a)

Black Hole

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

Black Dwarf

10.

When a Red Giant's outer atmosphere drifts away it is now known as:

a)

planetary cloud

b)

White dwarf cloud

c)

planetary nebula

d)

expanding nebula

11.

One possible outcome that is left after a supernova is a super dense core called a:

a)

Neutron Star

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Giant

d)

Black Dwarf

12.

A black hole is black because:

a)

there is nothing in it

b)

it is too small to see

c)

it is inherently evil

d)

even light cannot escape its gravity

13.

Our sun is currently in what star stage?

a)

Protostar

b)

Nebula

c)

Main Sequence

d)

Red Giant

14.

Main sequence stars are made primarily of which elements?

a)

Hydrogen only

b)

Helium and Carbon

c)

Carbon and Iron

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

15.

A star that has begun nuclear fusion will last for:

a)

millions or even billions of years

b)

a few thousand years

c)

as long as the universe survives

d)

forever

16.

When a nebula condenses and takes on a shape it is called:

a)

a red supergiant

b)

a black hole

c)

a white dwarf

d)

a protostar

17.
Why won't our sun ever become a black hole?
a)
It is too massive
b)
It is too old
c)
It is too young
d)
It is too small
18.

The stable and longest lasting period of a star’s life cycle is called:

a)

The birth of a star

b)

Nebula

c)

Neutron star

d)

Main Sequence

19.

What fuel do main sequence stars use?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Carbon

d)

Iron

20.

Neutron stars that emit radiowaves are called:

a)

Nebula

b)

Pulsars

c)

Galaxys

d)

Planets

21.

If greenhouse gases increase and build up in our atmosphere, what happens?

a)

They trap more heat and global temperatures rise.

b)

They trap more heat and global temperatures decrease.

c)

They trap less heat and global temperatures rise.

d)

They trap less heat and global temperatures decrease.

22.

What percentage of the Sun's energy is reflected back into space?

a)

100%

b)

About 50%

c)

About 30%

d)

It depends on the weather.

23.

The energy coming in to from the sun minus the energy being radiated out is known as

a)

the greenhouse effect

b)

global warming

c)

Earth's energy budget

d)

the electromagnetic spectrum

24.

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

a)

H2O

b)

CH4

c)

CO2

d)

O2

25.

When solar energy hits the earth

a)

it can be reflected by light colored surfaces like ice

b)

it can be absorbed by light colored surfaces by ice

c)

it can be reflected by dark colored surfaces like asphalt

d)

it cannot affect processes that occur on earth

26.

Heat is radiated back to space from earth as

a)

visible light

b)

ultraviolet radiation

c)

gamma radiation

d)

infrared radiation

27.

The wavelengths of electromagnetic energy that can be seen by humans is known as

a)

ultrared radiation

b)

visible light

c)

ultraviolet radiation

d)

infrared radiation

28.

According to the diagram, what can happen when solar energy hits clouds in Earth's atmosphere?

a)

it can be reflected or absorbed

b)

it can only be absorbed

c)

it can only be reflected

d)

it is neither reflected nor absorbed

29.

The range of wavelengths of radiation(including infrared, visible light, and ultraviolet) is known as

a)

Earth's energy budget

b)

solar flares

c)

the greenhouse effect

d)

the electromagnetic spectrum

30.

Which type of solar energy has the longest wavelength?

a)

ultraviolet radiation

b)

they all have the same wavelengths

c)

visible light

d)

infrared radiation

31.

The sun transfers energy to Earth by radiation

a)

True

b)

False

32.

Visible light is

a)

the light you can see from the sun

b)

this is where most of the warmth that you feel from the sun comes from

c)

higher-energy radiation that can harm life

33.

Infrared Light is

a)

the light you can see from the sun

b)

this is where most of the warmth that you feel from the sun comes from

c)

higher-energy radiation that can harm life

34.

Ultraviolet light is

a)

the light you can see from the sun

b)

this is where most of the warmth that you feel from the sun comes from

c)

higher-energy radiation that can harm life

35.

Pick ALL the energy sources that can be traced back to the sun.

a)

water

b)

wind

c)

fossil fuels

d)

sun

e)

geothermal

36.

What 2 things can disturb the Earth's energy budget?

a)

decrease in greenhouse gases

b)

increase in polar ice caps

c)

increase in greenhouse gases

d)

decrease in polar ice caps

37.

What amount of incoming solar energy is absorbed by Earth's surface?

a)

23%

b)

51%

c)

49%

d)

15%

38.
Heat from the sun travels to Earth by _____.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
insulation
d)
radiation
39.
What is an electromagnetic wave?
a)
The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
b)
A form of energy that can move through the vacuum of space.
c)
Wavelengths that are longer than red light.
d)
Invisible form of energy with Wavelengths that are shorter than. violent light
40.
What form of electromagnetic waves are felt as heat? 
a)
ultraviolet radiation
b)
visible light
c)
greenhouse radiation
d)
infrared radiation
41.
The energy form the sun that reaches the Earth is absorbed by _________________________. 
a)
land and water
b)
underground water
c)
trees
d)
people
42.
What is the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves called?  
a)
 Infrared
b)
Visible Light
c)
Radiaion
d)
 Ultraviolet
43.

Which of the following greenhouse gases enters our atmosphere through evaporation?

a)

water

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

methane

d)

ozone

44.

Which statement is true?

a)

The galaxies are moving toward us.

b)

The galaxies are moving away from us.

c)

The universe remains static or unchanged in motion.

d)

None of the above

45.

Light emitted from a star or galaxy can be separated into a band of colors, called a ________.

a)

Red Shift

b)

Wave Length

c)

Spectrum

d)

Microwave

46.

Which elements are most

abundant in the visible

universe?

a)

Hydrogen and Carbon

b)

Carbon and Helium

c)

Hydrogen and Oxygen

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

47.

How does Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big BangTheory?

a)

Microwaves are found everywhere in the universe.

b)

Microwaves occurred at the time of the Big Bang

c)

Microwaves are useful in our everyday lives

d)

Only A & B

48.

How does the abundance of hydrogen and helium support the Big Bang Theory.

a)

Hydrogen and helium are elements on the Periodic Table

b)

Hydrogen and helium are in the same ratio throughout the universe.

c)

Hydrogen and helium have many current uses today

49.
Galaxies that are redshifted are:
a)
actually blue.
b)
really far away.
c)
invisible.
d)
moving away from us.
50.
The universe is expanding!  This means that:
a)
all of the galaxies are spreading out.
b)
the universe must have started from a single point.
c)
the universe is cooling down.
d)
all of the above.
51.

The Cosmic Background Radiation is:

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly hot.

c)

visible to the human eye.

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

52.
Light waves that are stretched out by objects moving apart:
a)
have a shorter wavelength.
b)
travel faster than the speed of light.
c)
are invisible.
d)
appear more red.
53.
The universe is ____________ years old.
a)
8.13 billion
b)
13.8 billion
c)
1.83 billion
d)
381 million
54.
What is true about these stars?
a)
Both of these stars are moving away from us.
b)
Both of these stars are moving towards us.
c)
Both of these stars are blueshifted.
d)
The star Sirius is closer to us.
55.
What were the original two elements in our universe?
a)
Lithium and Carbon
b)
Hydrogen and Neon
c)
Helium and Chlorine
d)
Hydrogen and Helium
56.

In relation to us, most galaxies are…

a)

Moving toward us

b)

Moving away from us

c)

Not moving

57.
The change in wavelength of light or sound that is due to the relative motion of the source towards or away from an observer.
a)
Radar Effect
b)
Doppler Effect
c)
Light Effect
d)
Reflection
58.
If a star is being observed from Earth and it's light has shifted towards the blue side of the electromagnetic spectrum it would be...
a)
Moving towards the Earth
b)
Moving away from the Earth
c)
This is a trick question that cannot be answered
d)
It isn't a star, it is a very large blueberry.
59.
Use the image to identify the motion of the object relative to Earth.  Compare the absorption spectra of the star to what the star would look like if it were not moving at all relative to Earth.
a)
It is not moving relative to Earth
b)
It is moving away from Earth (Redshift)
c)
It is moving towards Earth (Blueshift)
d)
It is moving towards Earth (Redshift)
60.
Use the image to identify the motion of the object relative to Earth.  Compare the absorption spectra of the star to what the star would look like if it were not moving at all relative to Earth.
a)
It is not moving
b)
It is moving away from Earth (Redshift)
c)
It is moving towards Earth (Blueshift)
d)
It is moving towards Earth (Redshift)
61.
The most abundant element in the universe today is:
a)
water
b)
hydrogen
c)
oxygen
d)
carbon
62.

What direction is the star moving in this image?

a)

Left

b)

Right

c)

Up

d)

Down

63.

Items that can easily degrade by natural processes

a)

BIODEGRADABLE

b)

BIOMASS

c)

REDUCE

d)

RECYCLABLE

64.

Any significant change in measures of climate, such as temperature lasting for an extended period of a decade or longer.

a)

BIOTECHNOLOGY

b)

CLIMATE CHANGE

c)

CONVECTION

d)

COMPOST

65.

A natural fuel (coal, oil, or gas) formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.

a)

FUEL CELL

b)

WIND ENERGY

c)

SOLAR ENERGY

d)

FOSSIL FUEL

66.

Energy stored in the earth in the form of heat.

a)

GEOTHERMAL

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

67.

The use of flowing water from waterfalls and dams to produce electricity.

a)

HYDRO & TIDAL POWER

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

68.

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.

a)

HYDRO & TIDAL POWER

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

69.

To decrease the amount of products purchased or produced with the intent of minimizing waste

a)

REDUCE

b)

POLLUTION

c)

RECYCLE

d)

CONSUMER

70.

The process of making new products from materials that were used in another product.

a)

REDUCE

b)

POLLUTION

c)

RECYCLE

d)

CONSUMER

71.

A contaminant to the environment, especially human-made waste.

a)

REDUCE

b)

POLLUTION

c)

RECYCLE

d)

CONSUMER

72.

A person or household that purchases goods or services.

a)

REDUCE

b)

POLLUTION

c)

RECYCLE

d)

CONSUMER

73.

Plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel.

a)

BIODEGRADABLE

b)

BIOMASS

c)

REDUCE

d)

RECYCLABLE

74.

The ratio of the useful energy delivered by a dynamic system to the energy supplied to it.

a)

BIODEGRADABLE

b)

BIOMASS

c)

REDUCE

d)

EFFICIENCY

75.

Energy from the sun.

a)

HYDRO & TIDAL POWER

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

76.

Energy derived from wind by means of windmills or wind turbines.

a)

HYDRO & TIDAL POWER

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

77.

Device that combines hydrogen and oxygen and produces electricity in the process

a)

FUEL CELL

b)

SOLAR ENERGY

c)

WIND ENERGY

d)

NUCLEAR ENERGY

78.

Printing on both sides of the paper helps to ________ paper waste.

a)

REDUCE

b)

REUSE

c)

RECYCLE

79.

Using an old jar to store items in the kitchen is an example of what?

a)

REDUCE

b)

REUSE

c)

RECYCLE

80.

Taking old cans and bottles to the bottle return is an example of...

a)

REDUCE

b)

REUSE

c)

RECYCLE

81.

Which type of energy produces Carbon Dioxide, which can be harmful to our planet and cause pollution?

a)

Solar Energy

b)

Wind Energy

c)

Fossil Fuels (Coal, oil, and gas)

d)

Nuclear Energy

82.

A resource that can be replaced when needed.

a)

Fossil Fuels

b)

Nonrenewable Energy

c)

Exhaustible Energy

d)

Renewable Energy

83.

Which wavelength is about the size of a baseball?

a)

Radio waves

b)

Infrared

c)

Ultraviolet

d)

X-Rays

84.

Which wavelength is about the size of a typed period?

a)

Radiowaves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Ultraviolet

d)

X-Rays

85.

Which has a wavelength about the size of a water molecule?

a)

Radiowaves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Ultraviolet

d)

X-rays

86.

Which wavelengths can be the size of a soccer field?

a)

Radio waves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared

d)

Ultraviolet

87.

Which wavelength can humans see?

a)

Microwaves

b)

Radio waves

c)

Visible light

d)

Gamma rays

88.

What kind of wavelength does radar use?

a)

Radio waves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Ultraviolet

d)

X-Rays

89.

Which wavelength do x-ray machines use?

a)

Radio

b)

Microwave

c)

Ultraviolet

d)

X-rays

90.

Which has the longest wavelength?

a)

Gamma Rays

b)

Visible Light

c)

Microwaves

d)

Radiowaves

91.

Which has the highest frequency?

a)

Gamma Rays

b)

Visible Light

c)

Microwaves

d)

Radiowaves

92.

Which has a longer wavelength?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Blue

d)

Violet

93.

Which has a lower frequency?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Blue

d)

Violet

94.

Which has a shorter wavelength?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Blue

d)

Violet

95.

Which has a higher frequency?

a)

Red

b)

Orange

c)

Blue

d)

Violet

96.

Which of the following is true?

a)

A long wavelength means a low frequency

b)

A long wavelength means a high frequency

c)

All of the electromagnetic spectrum has the same wavelength

d)

A long wavelength means high energy

97.

Which electromagnetic waves carry more energy?

a)

If it has a long wavelength

b)

If it has a short wavelength

c)

If it has a low frequency

d)

They all carry the same amount of energy

98.
Which gas in our atmosphere is most abundant?
a)
Argon
b)
Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen
d)
Carbon Dioxide
99.
This layer is where weather occurs.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
stratosphere
100.
Which layer protects the earth from meteors?
a)
Troposphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Thermosphere
101.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer? 
a)
Mesosphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Ionosphere
d)
Exosphere
102.
The boundary  between two air masses is known as:
a)
front
b)
storm
c)
climate
d)
flood
103.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front
104.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front
105.
Which is a primary energy source used by power plants to generate electricity?
a)
coal
b)
wood
c)
gasoline
d)
batteries
106.
Melting of glaciers and polar ice caps....
a)
will result in cooler temperatures in the Arctic
b)
will result in sea-levels rising
c)
Will have no effect on ecosystems
d)
None of the above
107.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
108.
Warm air rises and the cool air sinks demonstrates this type of heat transfer. 
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
Insolation 

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