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DNA Components and Commonality

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In DNA only, Adenine always pairs with:

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Uracil

d)

Guanine

2.

The shape of DNA is called:

a)

Helix

b)

Double helix

c)

Triple helix

d)

Ladder

3.

What is the monomer of DNA?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Glucose

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Nucleotide

4.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide? Select all that apply

a)

Adenine

b)

hydrogen bond

c)

Sugar

d)

Phosphate

e)

Nitrogen Base

5.

Who took the first picture of DNA?

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

James Crick

c)

John Watson

d)

Maurice Wilkins

6.

Which part of the DNA nucleotide makes up the "backbone" of DNA?

a)

Sugar (Deoxyribose)

b)

Nitrogen base

c)

Sugar (deoxyribose) and Phosphate

d)

Nitrogen base and Phosphate

7.

What part of the DNA molecules carries the code for specific traits?

a)

The sequence of nitrogen bases

b)

Sugar-phosphate backbone

c)

"Sides" of the ladder

d)

The phosphate

8.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
9.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
10.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
11.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
12.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
13.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
14.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
15.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
16.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Ribonucleic Acid
b)
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
c)
Both of these
d)
None of these
17.
The principle Watson and Crick created that said adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine is called
a)
base pairing
b)
super coiling
c)
replication
d)
substitution
18.
DNA codes for...
a)
cholesterol
b)
proteins
c)
fatty acids
d)
a sandwich
19.
A segment of DNA is called a
a)
Chromosome
b)
Gene
c)
Phenotype
d)
Genotype
20.
The long strandlike structures in the nucleus that are made of DNA are
a)
organelles
b)
genes
c)
chromsomes
d)
popcornosomes
21.
DNA is a polymer made of:
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Purines
d)
Pyrimidines
22.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
23.

DNA is housed in which organelle?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleotide

24.

DNA is made of _______ strand(s), creating a _______ shape.

a)

one ; circular

b)

two ; double helix

c)

four ; ladder

d)

Too many ; complicated

25.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
26.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
27.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
28.
Cytosine always pairs with
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Uracil
d)
Guanine
29.

In DNA Adenine would pair with:

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Another Adenine

d)

Thymine

30.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
31.
The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called
a)
selective breeding 
b)
genetic engineering
c)
inbreeding
d)
hybridization
32.

Name this structure

a)

double helix

b)

nucelotide

c)

twisted ladder

d)

hydrogen bond

33.

All organisms have the same:

a)

Cell organelles

b)

Types of proteins needed for life

c)

Division of the nucleus

d)

DNA bases just in different order

34.
Biotech foods look and taste the same as traditional foods and crops. The only difference is that biotech food has
a)
fewer calories.
b)
the addition of specific minerals.
c)
genes with traits that improve something about the plant.
d)
a better chance of surviving a frost during the growing season.
35.

The DNA of all living organisms is made up of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base. The "sequence" (order) of the nitrogenous bases is the only difference found in the DNA of all living organisms.

a)

True

b)

False

36.
Which answer choice would by complementary (match up) with the DNA strand   
ATGCATTCGA
a)
ATGCATTCGA
b)
TACGTAAGCT
c)
TACCTAAGGA
d)
ATGCCATGAA
37.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
ribonucleic acid
38.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

39.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

40.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
41.

What does DNA code for?

a)
Genetic instructions
b)
Protein synthesis
c)
Carbohydrate metabolism
d)
Lipid storage
42.

What nucleotides are the components of DNA?

a)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
b)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Adenosine
c)
Thymine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
d)
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
43.

What nucleotides are the components of RNA?

a)
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Uracil
b)
Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
c)
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
d)
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil
44.

What holds the two strands of DNA together?

a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Hydrogen bonds
c)
Salt bonds
d)
Ionic bonds
45.

What is the structure of RNA?

a)
Made up of amino acids
b)
Single-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides
c)
Composed of sugar and phosphate molecules
d)
Double-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides
46.

T or F: Nucleotides contain a 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group.

a)

False

b)

True

47.
What is the sugar in DNA called?
a)
Deoxyribose
b)

Ribose

c)
Diglyceride
d)

Cellulose

48.
Which of these is controlled by your DNA?
a)
Color of your eyes
b)
What you ate yesterday
c)
Tattoos
d)
How many bonds carbon wants
49.
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
a)

Fatty acids

b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Nucleotides
50.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
51.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
52.
Which of the following monomers are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
53.
X outlines a(n) ___________.
a)
amino acid
b)
nitrogen base 
c)
nucleotide
d)
nitrogen base pair
54.
Identify #2.
a)
nitrogen base
b)
phosphate group
c)
deoxyribose sugar
d)
nucleotide
55.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "A"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

56.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "B"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

57.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "C"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

58.

A segment of a DNA strand is shown. Which of these is the correct complementary DNA strand for the segment shown?

a)

5' AGGTCAGGT 3'

b)

5' ACCUGAGGU 3'

c)

5' TGGACTGGA 3'

d)

5' TCCAGTCCA 3'

59.

Students are given data from an investigation that identified some of the chemical elements present in four different samples. Which sample was most likely DNA?

a)

Sample 1

b)

Sample 2

c)

Sample 3

d)

Sample 4

60.

Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism?

a)

the number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together

b)

the number of carbons in the DNA molecule

c)

the sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule

d)

the sequences of phosphates along each DNA strand

61.

Differences in traits such as hair texture are determined by differences in -

a)

the location of sugar groups in DNA

b)

the sequence of nucleotides in DNA

c)

the number of nitrogenous bases in DNA

d)

the molecules attached to the phosphate in DNA

62.

A student used poster board to construct this model of a section of DNA. Which statement describes this model of DNA?

a)

the model is inaccurate because the base pairs are incorrect

b)

the model is accurate because it contains correctly paired bases

c)

the model is accurate because it shows each base splitting to form a double helix

d)

the model is inaccurate because some typical bases in DNA are missing

63.

A student used poster board to construct this model of a section of DNA. Which statement describes this model of DNA?

a)

the model is inaccurate because the base pairs are incorrect

b)

the model is accurate because it contains correctly paired bases

c)

the model is accurate because it shows each base splitting to form a double helix

d)

the model is inaccurate because some typical bases in DNA are missing

64.

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

a)

the number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced

b)

the order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized

c)

the amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes

d)

the type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain

65.

Each strand of a DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases that pair with other nitrogenous bases in very specific ways. A diagram of a section of DNA is shown. Which DNA strand is complementary to the one shown above?

a)
b)
c)
d)
66.

A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration. How is information for the specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

a)

as a sequence of nucleotides

b)

in the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome

c)

in the ratio of adenines to thymines

d)

as a pattern of phosphates and sugars

67.

A student builds a model of a DNA strand. Which of these models of a DNA strand shows bases that are complementary to the ones on the student's DNA model?

a)
b)
c)
d)
68.

The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. The sequence of the bases in DNA is most important for which of the following?

a)

providing the instructions for the traits of an organism

b)

preventing mutations from occurring during DNA replication

c)

allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication

d)

helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules

69.

A model of a DNA molecule is shown. The arrow indicates -

a)

the bond between adjacent phosphate and deoxyribose molecules

b)

the junction of introns and exons in the sense strand of DNA

c)

the hydrogen bond between complementary nucleotides

d)

the junction of a codon and a DNA triplet

70.

A model of a DNA molecule is shown. The arrow indicates -

a)

the bond between adjacent phosphate and deoxyribose molecules

b)

the junction of introns and exons in the sense strand of DNA

c)

the hydrogen bond between complementary nucleotides

d)

the junction of a codon and a DNA triplet

71.

Characteristics such as a widow's peak or attached earlobes are determined by the genetic code. Which components of DNA are referred to as the genetic code?

a)

phosphate groups

b)

nitrogenous bases

c)

deoxyribose sugars

d)

hydrogen bonds

72.

How does DNA in cells determine an organism's complex traits?

a)

DNA contains codes for proteins, which are necessary for the growth and functioning of an organism

b)

DNA separates into long single strands that make up each part of an organism

c)

DNA produces the energy an organism needs in order to grow

d)

DNA folds into the nucleus of each of the cells of an organism

73.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
74.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
75.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
76.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
77.
What is the location in the cell for translation?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosome
d)
chloroplast
78.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
79.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
80.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
81.

A small organelle in the cell on which proteins are assembled, It is a type of protein.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Lysosome

82.
Which statement is describing the process of protein synthesis?
a)
DNA is copied into mRNA which is translated into protein
b)
DNA is copied into DNA
c)
DNA is copied into lysosome
83.
DNA sequence ACCTG produces which mRNA strand? 
a)
UGGAC
b)
TGGAC
c)
GTCCA
84.
Contains the bases adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
85.

Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT

a)

GAC TTA

b)

CTG AAT

c)

GAC UUA

d)

CUG AAU

86.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
87.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UGG-ACU-CGA-GUG

(a)  

88.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AUU-AAG-UGC-GGG

(a)  

89.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


CCA-GAG-UUU-UAG

(a)  

90.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


GUA-CAU-UUG-AGA

(a)  

91.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AUG-CAG-UAC-AGC

(a)  

92.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UCG-GAA-CAC-AAU

(a)  

93.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AGG-UUC-CUG-GCC

(a)  

94.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UGU-UGG-AUA-CCC

(a)  

95.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AAU-UCG-CAA-GGG

(a)  

96.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AUG-GAC-ACU-UAG

(a)  

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