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Unit 2 - Ecology

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What type of growth is represented behind?
a)
exponential
b)
logistics
c)
a good kind
d)
representative
2.
Which of the following is an EXAMPLE of a density-dependent limiting factor?
a)
Water
b)
Major flood.
c)
Migration
d)
Thick fur
3.
The  number of individuals a habitat can sustain with the resources it has available
a)
Carrying capacity
b)
Limiting factors
c)
Resources
d)
Population
4.
An environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that affects population regardless of their density
a)
density- dependent factor
b)
population density
c)
dispersion
d)
density- independent factor
5.
An environmental factor such as predation, disease, and competition that depends on the number of members in a population per unit
a)
dispersion
b)
density- independent factor
c)
density- dependent factor
d)
population growth rate
6.
What does a limiting factor do?
a)
makes a population grow large
b)
stops a population from growing large
c)
helps organisms adapt to abiotic factors
d)
provides geographical boundaries for migration
7.
In a forest ecosystem, which of the following is the best example of a limiting factor for a rabbit population?
a)
Squirrel Population
b)
Sunlight
c)
Grass available
8.
Which of the following is TRUE of predator/prey relationships?
a)
The amount of prey does not affect the number of predators.
b)
Herbivores are limited by the number of prey in an ecosystem.
c)
Humans are not considered predators.
d)
The number of predators is determined by available prey.
9.
Which limiting factor is independent of the number of individuals in a population?
a)
competition
b)
parasitism/disease
c)
stress
d)
natural disasters
10.
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
a)
Unusual weather
b)
Natural disaster
c)
Births
d)
Disease
11.
What kind of factor: temperature?
a)
density-independent
b)
density-dependent
12.
What kind of factor: temperature?
a)
density-independent
b)
density-dependent
13.
What kind of factor: predation?
a)
density-independent
b)
density-dependent
14.
What kind of factor: flood?
a)
density-independent
b)
density-dependent
15.
Will competition increase/decrease the carrying capacity of an ecosystem for the animal in competition?
a)
Decrease
b)
Increase
16.
What do you call a period of rapid growth?
a)
exponential growth
b)
logistic growth
c)
emigration
d)
predator-prey cycle
17.
Type of growth that occurs when disease and parasites are present...
a)
exponential
b)
J-shaped
c)
predator-prey
d)
logistic
18.
What is the carrying capacity of the following graph?
a)
1000
b)
8000
c)
800
d)
600
19.
What is the carrying capacity of the graph?
a)
around 500
b)
more than 500
c)
less than 500
d)
around 600
20.
When a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Density Independent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going farther above carrying capacity.
b)
Density Dependent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going back below carrying capacity.
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
21.
Which of the following would cause populatins to immigrate into an ecosystem and  INCREASE the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
a)
increase in predators
b)
disease
c)
increase in available food
d)
drought
22.
An environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decrease a population are considered to be. 
a)
density- dependent factor
b)
population density
c)
dispersion
d)
density- independent factor
23.
Creates a J-Shaped Curve
Shows Population Growth With No Limits
Unlimited Resources
No Limiting Factors
The information above explains what type of population growth curve?
a)
Exponential Growth Curve
b)
Logistic Growth Curve
c)
Sideways Growth Curve
d)
Upside Down Growth Curve
24.
Creates a S-Shaped Growth Curve
Usually starts with an Exponential Growth Phase
Population Growth Levels Out at Carrying Capacity
Realistic
Regulated by Density Dependent Limiting Factors
The information above explains what type of population growth curve?
a)
Logistic Growth Model
b)
Exponential Growth Model
c)
Sideways Growth Model
d)
Upside Down Growth Model
25.
A supply of materials in a habitat
a)
Resources
b)
Biomes
c)
Organisms
d)
Groceries
26.
Which of the following is an example of competition?
a)
Two vultures fight over a dead rabbit
b)
A bear eats a fish
c)
Birds migrate south
d)
Pet dog keeps a man company
27.
What is the carrying capacity of the graph?
a)
around 500
b)
more than 500
c)
less than 500
d)
around 600
28.
Limiting factors are sometimes helpful because they can keep the population from getting to large.
a)
True
b)
False
29.

A species that plays a critical role in the health, maintenance, growth, or definition of an ecosystem.

a)

keystone

b)

invasive

c)

engineer

d)

predator

30.

A species that does not belong in a balanced ecosystem, comes in, and changes it (usually for the worse).

a)

flagnship

b)

umbrella

c)

invasive

d)

predator

31.

keystone species

a)

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

b)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

c)

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

d)

a species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.

32.

trophic cascade

a)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

b)

The number of different species in an area

c)

indirect effects in a community that are initiated by a predator

d)

Each step in a food chain or food web

33.

trophic level

a)

indirect effects in a community that are initiated by a predator

b)

The number of different species in an area

c)

Each step in a food chain or food web

d)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

34.

food chain

a)

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

b)

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains

c)

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

d)

Each step in a food chain or food web

35.

Biodiversity

a)

The number of different species in an area

b)

Each step in a food chain or food web

c)

indirect effects in a community that are initiated by a predator

d)

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

36.

food web

a)

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

b)

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

c)

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

d)

(1). air(2). water(3). sunlight(4). soil(5). temperature(6). climate

37.

limiting factor

a)

Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support

b)

(1). air(2). water(3). sunlight(4). soil(5). temperature(6). climate

c)

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

d)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

38.

Abiotic factors examples

a)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

b)

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

c)

(1). air(2). water(3). sunlight(4). soil(5). temperature(6). climate

d)

ecosystem has to maintain stable condition in order for all organisms to survive

39.

biotic factors

a)

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

b)

An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing

c)

(1). air(2). water(3). sunlight(4). soil(5). temperature(6). climate

d)

The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves.

40.

Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?

a)

Cattle

b)

Sea otter

c)

Grass

d)

Mosquito

41.

What is a trophic cascade?

a)

A process where nutrients flow from one trophic level to another.

b)

A series of secondary extinctions triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem.

c)

The migration of species from one habitat to another.

d)

The increase in population size of a species at the bottom of the food chain.

42.

How can the removal of a keystone species affect an ecosystem?

a)

It can increase biodiversity.

b)

It can lead to a more stable ecosystem.

c)

It can cause a trophic cascade and disrupt the ecosystem balance.

d)

It has no significant effect.

43.

In a food chain, what is the primary source of energy?

a)

Carnivores

b)

Herbivores

c)

Decomposers

d)

The Sun

44.

Which of the following best describes a food web?

a)

A linear sequence of who eats whom in an ecosystem.

b)

A single pathway of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem.

c)

A complex network of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem.

d)

A graphical representation of the energy flow in an ecosystem.

45.

What happens to energy as it moves up the food chain?

a)

It increases exponentially.

b)

It remains constant.

c)

It decreases due to energy loss at each trophic level.

d)

It is completely recycled.

46.

Why are keystone species important for biodiversity?

a)

They are the most numerous species in their ecosystems.

b)

They provide food for all other species.

c)

They help to maintain the structure and integrity of the ecosystem.

d)

They have no predators, ensuring their survival.

47.

What could be a direct consequence of removing a top predator from an ecosystem?

a)

A decrease in the population of primary consumers.

b)

An increase in the diversity of plant species.

c)

A decrease in the overall biodiversity of the ecosystem.

d)

An increase in the population of herbivores, leading to overgrazing.

48.

1. What makes a species invasive?

a)

Moving to a new ecosystem and taking resources from natives

b)

Not having papers

c)

Species that can't adapt

d)

Plants that take up too much space

49.
When taken to a new habitat, non-native plants often threaten native plants of the new habitat.  Why do they do this?
a)
Non-native plants are able to mutate rapidly
b)
Non-native  plants cause native animals to relocate
c)
Non-native plants are able to be used for medicine
d)
Non-native plants compete with native plants for resources
50.
What effect will an invasive species have on the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
a)
The carrying capacity will increase
b)
The carrying capacity for everyone will decrease
c)
The carrying capacity will only decrease for those in competition for same resource
d)
The carrying capacity for all animals will stay the same
51.
The lack of natural predators makes populations of invasive species unmanageable?
a)
True
b)
False
52.

Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly?

a)

Invasive Species are native to an area.

b)

Invasive species are prey to many animals.

c)

Invasive species have no natural predators.

d)

Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.

53.
Kudzu has overgrown many parts of southern Missouri and native ground plants have disappeared from the area. This is an example of:
a)
Parasitism between kudzu and the native plants
b)
A predator prey relationship between ground plants and kudzu
c)
Competition occurring between the native and invasive species
d)
Commesalism occurring between the kudzo and native plants
54.
Invasive species have a negative impact on...
a)
the ecosystem
b)
the economy
c)
Both the ecosystem and the economy
d)
None of these
55.
Which of the following is an organism that eats only meat?
a)
herbivore
b)
carnivore
c)
omnivore
56.
Which of the following terms describes an area where an organism lives?
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
area
57.
Which is represented by all of the bullfrogs living around a pond?
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
58.
Which is an example of a parasitic relationship?
a)
a bee pollinates a flower
b)
a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog
c)
an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree
59.
In which type of relationship do both species benefit?
a)
parasitism
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
60.
Barnacles grow on whales.  Whales give the barnacles a place to live but the barnacles do not help or harm the whale.  Which type of relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitiesm
61.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
62.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
63.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
64.
Where an organism lives
a)
habitat
b)
niche 
c)
heterotrogh
d)
biosphere
65.
An illustration that uses arrows to show the MANY possible directions in which matter and energy can pass through the organisms in an ecosystem.
a)
Food chain
b)
Food web
c)
Energy Pyramid
d)
Succession Map
66.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
67.
A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecosystem
68.
 plants that convert energy from the sun
a)
decomposer
b)
primary consumer
c)
secondary consumer
d)
producer
69.
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
a)
Biome
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Niche
70.

What happens when different species try to occupy the same niche?

a)

The species compete with each other

b)

The species cooperate with each other

c)

The species coexist with each other

d)

All of the above

71.

What is a niche?

a)

The habitat that an organism lives in

b)

An organism’s “role” in an ecosystem

c)

A type of consumer

d)

The relationship between a producer and consumer

72.

The first organism in a food chain is ALWAYS a:

a)

producer

b)

consumer

c)

decomposer

d)

Any of the above

73.

What is biodiversity?

a)

The different ways species reproduce

b)

The degree of variation of life on Earth

c)

A way to describe similarities between different species

d)

The process of creating new species

74.
An animal that is hunted and eaten for food is a __________.
a)
predator
b)
prey
c)
population
75.
Short Answer on Test: Why will having fewer insects affect the mice?
a)
The mice will not have enough insects to eat.
b)
It will not affect the mice.
c)
The mice will have too many insects to eat.
76.

If a disease strikes the snake population in the food chain shown, what will be the initial effect on the populations of hawks and rabbits?

a)

The populations of hawks and rabbits will decrease.

b)

The populations of hawks and rabbits will increase.

c)

The population of hawks will increase. The population of rabbits will decrease.

d)

The population of hawks will decrease. The population of rabbits will increase.

77.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
78.
An energy pyramid represents what?
a)
How much sunlight is available for the ecosystem to use. 
b)
How much energy a particular organism needs. 
c)
How much energy is needed to build a pyramid. 
d)
The amount of energy available to the next 'feeder' in a food web.
79.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
80.
In the energy pyramid below, which organism has the least amount of energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Top Predator
81.
Where does the energy start in this food chain?
a)
Plant
b)
Sun
c)
Deer
d)
Wolf
82.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
83.

What is a keystone species?

a)

A species that is most abundant in an ecosystem.

b)

A species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community.

c)

A species that has no predators in its ecosystem.

d)

A species that can live in a variety of ecosystems.

84.

Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?

a)

Cattle

b)

Sea otter

c)

Grass

d)

Mosquito

85.

What is a trophic cascade?

a)

A process where nutrients flow from one trophic level to another.

b)

A series of secondary extinctions triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem.

c)

The migration of species from one habitat to another.

d)

The increase in population size of a species at the bottom of the food chain.

86.

How can the removal of a keystone species affect an ecosystem?

a)

It can increase biodiversity.

b)

It can lead to a more stable ecosystem.

c)

It can cause a trophic cascade and disrupt the ecosystem balance.

d)

It has no significant effect.

87.

What is a keystone species?

a)

A species that is the most abundant in an ecosystem

b)

A species that has a crucial role in the way an ecosystem functions

c)

A species that is the largest in an ecosystem

d)

A species that is the smallest in an ecosystem

88.

What can happen to an ecosystem without keystone species?

a)

The ecosystem would remain the same

b)

The ecosystem would become more diverse

c)

The ecosystem would be dramatically different or cease to exist

d)

The ecosystem would have more predators

89.
Based on the graph shown, how can you tell sea otters are a keystone species?
a)
as the sea otter population decreases, biodiversity increases
b)
as sea otter population increases, biodiversity increases
c)
changes in the sea otter population have little effect on biodiversity 
d)
the sea otter population dereases due to the presence of urchins

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