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WorksheetsA&P: Nerve Pathways & Reflexes
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 25mins
The nervous system processes information in which of the following general ways?
Through sensory input, integration, and motor output
By storing information in the spinal cord
By using only chemical signals
Through direct muscle stimulation
Nerves are classified based on their function and structure. Which of the following is a correct classification of nerves?
Sensory, Motor, and Mixed
Central, Peripheral, and Autonomic
Cranial, Spinal, and Visceral
Somatic, Autonomic, and Enteric
Which of the following best describes the function of each part of a reflex arc?
Sensory neuron transmits impulses to the brain, motor neuron carries impulses to the muscles, and interneuron connects sensory and motor neurons.
Motor neuron transmits impulses to the brain, sensory neuron carries impulses to the muscles, and interneuron connects motor and sensory neurons.
Interneuron transmits impulses to the brain, sensory neuron carries impulses to the muscles, and motor neuron connects sensory and interneurons.
Sensory neuron transmits impulses to the muscles, motor neuron carries impulses to the brain, and interneuron connects motor and sensory neurons.
What is impulse processing dependent on?
The organization of neurons in the brain and spinal cord
The speed of nerve impulses
The type of neurotransmitters used
The size of the brain
Fill in the blank: Neurons in the CNS are organized into _______ with varying numbers of cells that work together.
neuronal pools
neural clusters
synaptic groups
axon networks
What effects can neuronal pools have on other pools or peripheral effectors?
Excitatory only
Inhibitory only
Both excitatory and inhibitory
Neither excitatory nor inhibitory
If the net input is excitatory but does not sum to the threshold potential, what will happen?
A) A nerve impulse will occur
B) There will be no nerve impulse
C) The input will become inhibitory
D) The threshold potential will increase
In a neuronal pool, if the net excitatory input sums to the threshold potential, (a) will occur.
a nerve impulse
no change
an inhibitory response
a decrease in potential
What is facilitation in the context of impulse processing?
Facilitation is the increase release of neurotransmitter in response to a stimulus
Facilitation occurs in an excitatory presynaptic neuron upon repeated ________.
stimulation
inhibition
depolarization
hyperpolarization
Convergence in the context of impulse processing refers to:
The process of signals becoming more distinct over time.
The merging of multiple signals into a single response.
The amplification of signal strength.
The delay in signal transmission.
Which of the following is true about convergence in the nervous system?
Axons from one neuron lead to multiple neurons
Axons from two or more neurons lead to the same neuron
It prevents impulses from having a summative effect
It limits the information collected from sensory receptors
How does convergence allow the nervous system to collect information?
By integrating signals from multiple sources
By isolating signals to specific pathways
By amplifying individual signals
By reducing the number of synapses
What is the process called when impulses leaving one neuron stimulate several other neurons?
(a)
What is the concept called when one nerve cell is influenced by many others?
A) Divergence
B) Convergence
C) Transmission
D) Reception
Fill in the blank: In divergence, many other nerve cells are influenced by _____.
one.
many.
none.
all.
What are nerves bundles of in the PNS?
Nerves are bundles of axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Nerves are bundles of dendrites in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Nerves are bundles of neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Nerves are bundles of synapses in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What are axons taking sensory information to the brain called?
Sensory (Afferent) Nerves
Motor (Efferent) Nerves
Interneurons
Glial Cells
What are axons taking information from the brain and spinal cord to the effectors called?
Motor (Efferent) Nerves
Sensory (Afferent) Nerves
Interneurons
Glial Cells
What type of nerves carry both sensory and motor fibers?
Mixed nerves
Sensory nerves
Motor nerves
Autonomic nerves
What is the outer covering of a nerve called?
Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
Myelin sheath
What is the covering around the fascicles (bundles) of nerve fibers called?
Perineurium
Epineurium
Endoneurium
Myelin Sheath
What is the covering around individual nerve fibers (axons) called?
Endoneurium
Perineurium
Epineurium
Myelin sheath
What are the routes nerve impulses follow as they travel through the nervous system called?
Reflex Arcs
Neural Pathways
Synapses
Neurons
The simplest of the neural pathways is called a _______.
Reflex Arc
Neural Loop
Synaptic Chain
Neuron Circuit
Reflex Arcs provide the basis for involuntary actions called _______.
Reflexes
Reactions
Responses
Movements
What is the component of a Reflex Arc that carries the information from a receptor toward the CNS?
A sensory neuron
A motor neuron
An interneuron
A receptor
What is the component of a Reflex Arc in the CNS (reflex center)?
An interneuron
A motor neuron
A sensory neuron
A receptor
What is the component of a Reflex Arc that carries a command to effectors?
A motor neuron
A sensory neuron
An interneuron
A receptor
What is the component of a Reflex Arc that responds to the initial change?
An effector (muscle or gland that carries out the reflex)
A receptor (detects the stimulus)
A sensory neuron (transmits the signal to the spinal cord)
A motor neuron (transmits the signal to the effector)
What is the first component in a reflex arc?
A) Effector
B) Receptor
C) Central Nervous System
D) Motor Neuron
In a reflex arc, the sensory or afferent neuron carries the signal to the ________.
Central Nervous System.
Muscles.
Glands.
Heart.
What is the role of the effector in a reflex arc?
A) To receive the signal
B) To process the signal
C) To respond to the signal
D) To transmit the signal.
The motor or efferent neuron in a reflex arc is responsible for carrying the signal to the ________.
Effector (muscle or gland).
Sensory receptor.
Spinal cord.
Brain.
What is the function of the Receptor in a reflex arc?
Senses specific type of internal or external change.
Transmits impulses to the brain.
Stores information for future use.
Produces a response to stimuli.
What is the function of an Interneuron in a reflex arc?
Carries information from sensory neuron to motor neuron.
Transmits signals from the brain to the spinal cord.
Detects changes in the environment and sends signals to the brain.
Generates electrical impulses to initiate muscle contraction.
What is the function of an Effector in a reflex arc?
Responds to stimulation (or inhibition) by motor neuron and produces reflex or behavioral action.
Transmits sensory information to the central nervous system.
Processes information and determines the appropriate response.
Detects changes in the environment and sends signals to the brain.
What is the function of reflexes in relation to the central nervous system (CNS)?
Increase distance and length of integration
Decrease distance and length of integration
No effect on distance and length of integration
What are reflexes?
Reflexes help maintain homeostasis and carry out automatic responses such as HR, breathing, BP, and ________.
digestion
vision
hearing
speech
Fill in the blank: In the reflex arc, the _______ neuron connects the receptor to the integration center.
the afferent neuron
the efferent neuron
the interneuron
the motor neuron
Fill in the blank: The effector in a reflex arc is responsible for carrying out the _______.
the response.
the stimulus.
the signal.
the coordination.
How many neurons are involved in the Patellar (Knee-Jerk) Reflex?
How many neurons are involved in the Withdrawal Reflex?
In the Patellar Reflex, sensory neurons transmit information to the ________.
spinal cord
brain
muscles
heart
The motor neuron transmits the signal to the ________ muscle in the Patellar Reflex.
quadriceps
biceps
triceps
hamstrings
What is the function of the Patellar Reflex?
Striking the patellar ligament stretches the quadriceps femoris muscle and tendon, stimulating ________.
the patellar reflex
the Achilles reflex
the Babinski reflex
the plantar reflex
