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Anatomy and Physiology Term 1 Test

Total questions: 127

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An anatomical section that separates the body into right and left portions is a __________ section.

a)

frontal

b)

transverse

c)

coronal

d)

sagittal

2.

Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires

a)

positive feedback mechanisms

b)

an unstable outside environment

c)

decreased atmospheric pressure

d)

negative feedback mechanisms

3.

Of the following, which is the most complex

a)

tissue

b)

organ system

c)

organ

d)

cell

4.
Toward the back; opposite of Anterior
a)
Superior
b)
Posterior
c)
Inferior
d)
Lateral
5.
Away from the origin or trunk
a)
Deep
b)
Distal
c)
Proximal
d)
Posterior
6.

Your feet are ________ to your knees.

a)

caudal

b)

cephalic

c)

inferior

d)

superior

7.

This plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

a)

coronal plane

b)

frontal plane

c)

transverse plane

d)

sagittal plane

8.
What body part is inferior to the chest?
a)
head
b)
neck
c)
heart
d)
hips
9.
Standing erect with palms and feet facing forward.
a)
Anatomical Position
b)
Anatomical Planes
c)
Anatomical Directions
d)
Anatomical Movements
10.

The study of the structures of the body

a)

biology

b)

physiology

c)

anatomy

d)

geology

11.

The study of the functions of the body

a)

physiology

b)

psychology

c)

physics

d)

anatomy

12.

The cavity surrounded by a box is?

a)

Abdominal Cavity

b)

Pelvic Cavity

c)

Pleural Cavity

d)

Cranial Cavity

13.
The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are all organs that work together to send messages throughout the body. This is an example of ____.
a)
 an organ system
b)
an organ
c)
a cell
d)
an organelle
14.
A group of cells works together to connect and support various parts of the body. This group of cells can be called a _____.
a)
an organ
b)
an organism
c)
a system
d)
a tissue
15.

Which is the correct structural order?

a)

chemical-tissue-cells-organ-organ system

b)

cells-tissue-chemical-organ system-organ

c)

tissue-cells-organ system-chemical-organs

d)

chemical-cells-tissue-organ-organ system

16.

Check off ALL of the survival needs of living things from the list below:

a)

normal body temperature

b)

oxygen

c)

appropriate atmospheric pressure

d)

nutrients

e)

water

17.

8 is referring to...

a)

acromial

b)

popliteal

c)

Plantar

d)

lumbar

18.

3 is referring to...

a)

gluteal

b)

vertebral

c)

flank

d)

cubital

19.
The mouth, esophagus and large intestine belong to what system?
a)
Nervous System
b)
Digestive System 
c)
Integumentary System
d)
Lymphatic System 
20.

Which two body systems work together to produce the body's movement?

a)

Skeletal System

b)

Integumentary System

c)

Muscular System

d)

Digestive System

21.

What system moves blood through the body?

a)

Respiratory

b)

cardiovascular

c)

Excretory

d)

Nervous

22.

This system consists of the skin, hair, and nails.

a)

Integumentary

b)

Nervous

c)

Skeletal

d)

Muscular

23.

The ______ system's function is gas exchange. It brings oxygen in and exhales carbon dioxide with the lungs, trachea, and diaphragm

a)

endocrine

b)

excretory

c)

circulatory

d)

respiratory

24.

Lucy touched a mug of cocoa. The mug was very hot. She pulled her hand back quickly from the mug.Which body systems interacted to allow Lucy to interpret that the mug was hot and react by pulling her hand away?

a)

nervous system and digestive system

b)

nervous system and muscular system

c)

circulatory system and skeletal system

d)

circulatory system and respiratory system

25.
What does cytology mean?
a)
study of biology
b)
study of cytoplasm
c)
study of animals
d)
study of cells
26.

The tissue type shown in the photomicrograph below is a ___ tissue

a)

Blood

b)

Bone

c)

Areolar

d)

Adipose

e)

Hyaline Cartilage

27.

The tissue typeshown in the line drawing is ___tissue

a)

Blood

b)

Reticular

c)

Adipose

d)

Bone

e)

Reticular Connective

28.

What tissue type is the spinal cord primarily composed of?

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

muscle

d)

nervous

29.

Which tissue type functions and secretion, absorption, protection, and excretion

a)

Epithelial

b)

connective

c)

Arelolar

d)

muscle

e)

Nervous

30.

Which tissue type covers body surfaces , covers and lines internal organs and composes glands

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

muscle

d)

nervous

31.

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and preform a common or related function are called

a)

membranes

b)

tissues

c)

organs

d)

cellular systems

32.

Collagenous and elastic fibers are found exstensively in

a)

epithelial

b)

nervous

c)

connective

d)

muscle

33.

Which term means, a flattened cell shape?

a)

Stratified

b)

Squamous

c)

Simple

d)

Columnar

e)

Cuboidal

34.

Which term means, more than one layer of cells?

a)

Stratified

b)

Squamous

c)

Simple

d)

Cuboidal

e)

Columnar

35.

Which term means, cube-shaped cells?

a)

Stratified

b)

Squamous

c)

Simple

d)

Columnar

e)

Cuboidal

36.

Which term means, one layer of cells?

a)

Simple

b)

Stratified

c)

Columnar

d)

Cuboidal

e)

Squamous

37.

Which tissue type appears to be stratified but is not?

a)

pseudostratified columnar epithelial

b)

stratified squamous epithelial

c)

transitional epithelial

d)

simple squamous epithelial

e)

simple cuboidal epithelial

38.

The "control center" of the cell is the -

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

golgi apparatus

39.

Which organelle provides energy to keep cells alive and functioning?

a)

nucleus

b)

nucleolus

c)

mitochondria

d)

ribosomes

40.

To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through the -

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

ribosome

c)

nucleus

d)

cell membrane

41.

The Golgi Apparatus -

a)

packaging center

b)

last stop before sent out of the cell

c)

can chemically alter substances

d)

all of the above

42.

The function of ribosomes is to -

a)

make lipids

b)

DNA replication

c)

make proteins

d)

make energy

43.

The cell membrane is -

a)

selectively permeable

b)

made up of proteins

c)

made up of phospholipids

d)

all of the above

44.

Proteins -

a)

are made of lipids

b)

are made of amino acids

c)

are usually stored for later use

d)

are usually used as energy

45.

If a cell's main job is to make proteins, it will have a lot of -

a)

rough ER

b)

golgi

c)

ribosomes

d)

all of the above

46.

Osmosis is specifically.....

a)

diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable mebrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

b)

the diffusion of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

c)

diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

d)

the diffusion of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

47.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
48.
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm. What is the best explanation for his observation?
a)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport.
b)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by osmosis.
c)
Salt moved into the lettuce cells by diffusion.
d)
Water moved out of the lettuce cells by osmosis.
49.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

50.

In the cell pictured, where would water move? 

a)

Into the cell, causing it to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing it to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, causing the shape to stay the same

51.

What will happen when an egg with a dissolved shell is placed in water for 48 hours?

a)

The egg will neither shrink or well

b)

The egg will gain water and swell

c)

The egg will lose water and shrink

d)

The egg will dissolve completely

52.

Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _____ solution.

a)

isotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

hypotonic

d)

hyperbaric

53.

In a solution of salt water, salt is considered the ____.

a)

Solvent

b)

Solute

c)

Solution

d)

Diffusion

54.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
55.
How many chromosomes does a human cell have?
a)
42
b)
46
c)
24
d)
64
56.
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
6
57.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
58.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
59.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
60.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
61.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
62.

Affects the respiratory and digestive systems. Symptoms include a cough that doesn’t go away.  Many people who have this die before reaching adulthood.

a)

Cerebral Palsy

b)

Cystic Fibrosis

c)

Sickle Cell Anemia

d)

Tay Sachs

63.

Babies born with this disease lack a certain chemical in their blood that makes their bodies unable to process and use certain fats in the brain and nerve cells.  The child usually dies by the age of four.

a)

PKU

b)

Tay Sachs

c)

Cerebral Palsy

d)

Autism

64.

This involves a progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscles.  The most common form begins between the ages of two and six.

a)

Cerebral Palsy

b)

Muscular Dystrophy

c)

Cleft Lip

d)

PKU

65.

Affects the respiratory and digestive systems. Symptoms include a cough that doesn’t go away.  Many people who have this die before reaching adulthood.

a)

Cerebral Palsy

b)

Cystic Fibrosis

c)

Sickle Cell Anemia

d)

Tay Sachs

66.

What bone is in red?

a)

carpals

b)

humerus

c)

radius

d)

ulna

67.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

radius

d)

ulna

68.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

radius

d)

ulna

69.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

scapula

d)

ulna

70.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

scapula

d)

ulna

71.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

pelvis

b)

ribs

c)

sternum

d)

vertebrae

72.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

femur

b)

fibula

c)

patella

d)

tibia

73.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

femur

b)

fibula

c)

patella

d)

tibia

74.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

femur

b)

fibula

c)

patella

d)

tibia

75.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

femur

b)

fibula

c)

patella

d)

tibia

76.

The ends of your fingers and toes are called

a)

carpals

b)

mandibles

c)

phalanges

d)

tarsals

77.

What structure is shown?

a)

mandible

b)

patella

c)

pelvis

d)

vertebrae

78.

Your skull is known as your

a)

carpals

b)

cranium

c)

mandible

d)

tarsals

79.

What bones are shown in red?

a)

carpals

b)

metacarpals

c)

metatarsals

d)

tarsals

80.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

carpal

b)

metacarpal

c)

metatarsal

d)

tarsal

81.

What bones are shown in green?

a)

carpals

b)

metacarpals

c)

metatarsals

d)

tarsals

82.

What bones are shown in red?

a)

pelvis

b)

ribs

c)

sternum

d)

vertebrae

83.

What bones are shown in blue?

a)

humerus

b)

radius

c)

ribs

d)

vertebrae

84.

What bone is shown?

a)

cranium

b)

mandible

c)

metacarpals

d)

tibia

85.

What structure does "B" represent?

a)

central Haversian canal

b)

osteon

c)

osteocyte

d)

canaliculi

86.

The primary function of osteoclasts is to

a)

prevent osteoblasts from forming.

b)

become osteocytes.

c)

break down bone.

d)

secrete calcium salts and collagen fibers.

e)

form the periosteum.

87.

Growth in the length of a long bone occurs

a)

at the primary ossification center.

b)

beneath the periosteum.

c)

at the center of the diaphysis.

d)

at the epiphyseal plate.

e)

at the epiphyseal line.

88.
Structure #7 is the 
a)
medullary cavity
b)
periosteum
c)
epiphysis
d)
diaphysis
89.
In adults, the substance at #6 would be 
a)
red marrow
b)
yellow marrow
c)
spongy bone
d)
clotted blood
90.
The epiphysis is 
a)
The shaft of a bone
b)
a bone cell
c)
the end of a long bone
d)
the covering of a bone
91.
Where are blood cells made? 
a)
Yellow marrow 
b)
Red marrow
c)
Spongy Bone 
d)
Periosteum
92.
Spongy bone would primarily be found where in a bone?
a)
diaphysis
b)
epiphysis
c)
periosteum
d)
endosteum
93.
What type of bone makes up the diaphysis?
a)
spongy bone
b)
compact bone
c)
rigid bone
d)
soft bone
94.
The shaft of the bone is also called the
a)
epiphysis
b)
diaphysis
c)
endosteum
d)
periosteum
95.
What are functions of the skeleton?
a)
Protection
b)
Blood cell production
c)
Movement
d)
All of these
96.
The humerus is a ....
a)
Long Bone
b)
Short Bone
c)
Flat Bone 
d)
Irregular Bone
97.
The scapula is a ....
a)
Long Bone
b)
Short Bone
c)
Flat Bone 
d)
Irregular Bone
98.

The two types of involuntary muscles are

a)

smooth and skeletal

b)

cardiac and skeletal

c)

smooth and cardiac

d)

There is only one group of involuntary muscles.

99.

Which type of muscle is striated?

a)

Cardiac only

b)

Cardiac and smooth

c)

Smooth and skeletal

d)

skeletal and cardiac

100.

What is a tendon?

a)

Attaches bones together

b)

Attaches muscle to bone

c)

Attaches muscle to muscle

d)

Muscle tissue

101.

Click all that apply. Which of these make up a motor unit?

a)

Motor neuron

b)

Motor fiber

c)

Muscle

d)

Nerve

102.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

103.

What is the contractile unit of the muscle?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

104.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

105.

What is the name of the location where the neuron and muscle fiber meet?

a)

Sarcoplasm

b)

Sacolemma

c)

Neuromuscular junction

d)

Axon terminal

106.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Acetone

c)

ATP

d)

Calcium

107.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

108.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

109.

Which muscle is colored in?

a)

Tricep

b)

Latissimus dorsi

c)

Deltoid

d)

Trapezius

110.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Quadricep

b)

Gastrocnemius

c)

Calf

d)

Hamstring

111.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Bicep

b)

Tricep

c)

Pectoralis

d)

Deltoid

112.

What muscle is colored in

a)

Pectoralis

b)

Tricep

c)

Deltoid

d)

Trapezius

113.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Gluteus maximus

b)

Hamstring

c)

Rectus abdominus

d)

Quadriceps

114.

Which muscle is colored in?

a)

Latissimus dorsi

b)

Erector spinae

c)

Trapezius

d)

Obliques

115.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Latissimus dorsi

b)

Erector spine

c)

Rectus abdominus

d)

Pectoralis

116.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Tricep

b)

Deltoid

c)

Pectoralis

d)

Bicep

117.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Tricep

b)

Bicep

c)

Deltoid

d)

Trapezius

118.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Gluteus maximus

b)

Hamstrings

c)

Gastrocnemius

d)

Quadriceps

119.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Bicep

b)

Latissimus dorsi

c)

Deltoid

d)

Pectoralis

120.

What muscle is colored in?

a)

Rectus abcominus

b)

Obliques

c)

Latissimus dorsi

d)

Erector spine

121.

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the UPPER body?

a)

Latissimus dorsi

b)

Tricep

c)

Pectoralis

d)

Quadricep

122.

Slow-twitch muscle fibers tire _(1)_ and fast-twitch muscle fibers tire _(2)_.

a)

(1) slowly

(2) quickly

b)

(1) never

(2) after one time

c)

(1) quickly

(2) slowly

d)

(1) after one time

(2) never

123.

What are the functions of the muscular system. Select all the apply.

a)

Helps you see

b)

Helps you move

c)

Helps fight diseases

d)

Creates heat

124.

wasting away of muscle tissue

a)

atrophy

b)

hypertrophy

c)

lactic acidosis

d)

unfused tetanus

125.

Muscle fatigue is primarily due to a build-up of ______ during anaerobic respiration.

a)

acetylcholine

b)

ATP

c)

creatine phosphate

d)

lactic acid

126.

autoimmune disease that attacks acetylcholine receptors leading to muscle weakness

a)

Moebius disease

b)

Muscular dystrophy

c)

Myasthenia gravis

d)

Sarin gas exposure

127.

sudden, involuntary contraction of single muscle in large group

a)

fasciculation

b)

fibrillation

c)

spasm

d)

tic

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