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Texas EOC Ecology Review

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

an individual living thing

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

2.

group of organisms of the same species living in the same place at the same time

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

3.

all the different populations living in the same place at the same time

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

4.

a community of living organisms and their environment

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

5.

a large geographic area with a similar climate

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

e)

biome

6.

living parts of an ecosystem

a)

biotic

b)

abiotic

c)

habitat

d)

niche

7.

nonliving parts of an ecosystem

a)

biotic

b)

abiotic

c)

habitat

d)

niche

8.

place where an organism lives

a)

biotic

b)

abiotic

c)

habitat

d)

niche

9.

role an organism plays in an ecosystem

a)

biotic

b)

abiotic

c)

habitat

d)

niche

10.

what is the correct order of ecological hierarchy - smallest to largest

a)

organism-population-community-ecosystem-biome

b)

biome-ecosystem-community-population-organism

c)

organism-community-population-ecosystem-biome

d)

organism-ecosystem-population-community-biome

11.

all the wild turkeys living in an area

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

biome

12.

an individual woodland salamander living in an area

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

biome

13.

all the living organisms living in an area

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

biome

14.

In an ecosystem snakes eat salamanders, and salamanders eat earthworms. How would the ecosystem be affected if a large number of snakes are caught and moved out of the region as a part of a conservation program?

a)

There would be a decrease in the number of earthworms.

b)

There would be a decrease in the number of salamanders.

c)

There would be an increase in the number of earthworms.

d)

There would be no change in the number of salamanders or earthworms.

15.

A(n) ___________ is a collection of all of the abiotic factors and biotic factors in an entire region.

a)

habitat

b)

ecosystem

c)

community

d)

ecological niche

16.

unrestricted growth pattern

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

17.

S-shaped curve

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

18.

J-shaped curve

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

19.

unlimited resources

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

20.

carrying capacity

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

21.

natural growth pattern

a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

22.
a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

23.
a)

exponential growth

b)

logistic growth

24.

maximum number of organisms an environment can support

a)

carrying capacity

b)

density dependent

c)

density independent

d)

immigration

e)

emigration

25.

factors that depend on the number of organisms in a population

a)

carrying capacity

b)

density dependent

c)

density independent

d)

immigration

e)

emigration

26.

factors that do not depend on the number of organisms in a population

a)

carrying capacity

b)

density dependent

c)

density independent

d)

immigration

e)

emigration

27.

movement of organisms into a population

a)

carrying capacity

b)

density dependent

c)

density independent

d)

immigration

e)

emigration

28.

movement of organisms out of a population

a)

carrying capacity

b)

density dependent

c)

density independent

d)

immigration

e)

emigration

29.

competition

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

30.

overcrowding

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

31.

parasitism

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

32.

disease

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

33.

predation

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

34.

hurricane

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

35.

flood

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

36.

drought

a)

density dependent factor

b)

density independent factor

37.

Deer are brought to an area lush with vegetation and no real predators. The deer population was monitored over time, and population data were recorded as shown in the graph. Which set of statements best describes the data collected?

a)

The deer population exceeded the carrying capacity, providing predators with a surplus of food. As the deer population decreased, so did the carrying capacity.

b)

The deer population increased as the carrying capacity stabilized. As the carrying capacity decreased, the deer population decreased.

c)

As the deer population reached a maximum, so did the carrying capacity. As the deer population decreased, so did the carrying capacity until the environment stabilized and the deer population could increase again.

d)

The deer population increased rapidly, quickly exceeding the carrying capacity. As the deer population increased, there was less food available, reducing the carrying capacity.

38.

The deer population increased rapidly, quickly exceeding the carrying capacity. As the deer population increased, there was less food available, reducing the carrying capacity. For this growth curve to continue increasing, which of these must occur?

a)

The organisms must adapt to a new habitat.

b)

The organisms must migrate to a new environment.

c)

The resources in the environment must be unlimited.

d)

The environment must provide a habitat for a large variety of organisms.

39.

animal that eats a plant

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

predator

d)

prey

e)

herbivore

40.

animal that eats only other animals

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

predator

d)

prey

e)

herbivore

41.

an animal that hunts, captures, and eats another animal

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

predator

d)

prey

e)

herbivore

42.

an animal that eats both plants and animals

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

predator

d)

prey

e)

herbivore

43.

an animal that is subject to being hunted, captured, and eaten by another animal

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

predator

d)

prey

e)

herbivore

44.

an adaptation that causes an animal to look like somethings that its predators would rather avoid than eat

a)

mimicry

b)

camouflage

45.

an adaptation that causes an organism to blend in with its background

a)

mimicry

b)

camouflage

46.

a type of symbiotic relationship in which only one species benefits but the other is neither helped nor harmed

a)

competition

b)

cooperation

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

e)

parasitism

47.

a relationship within certain populations to work together toward a common goal

a)

competition

b)

cooperation

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

e)

parasitism

48.

a symbiotic relationship in which two different species benefit from their relationship with one another

a)

competition

b)

cooperation

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

e)

parasitism

49.

a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other is harmed

a)

competition

b)

cooperation

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

e)

parasitism

50.

the interaction of two or more organisms trying to use the same resources at the same time and place

a)

competition

b)

cooperation

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

e)

parasitism

51.

producer

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

52.

consumer

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

53.

consumer

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

54.

mushroom

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

55.

detritivore

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

56.

worm

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

57.

rabbit

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

58.

fern

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

59.

grass

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

60.

paramecium

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

61.

yeast

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

saprotrophs

62.

fox and squirrel

a)

predator-prey

b)

herbivory

c)

cooperation

d)

competition

e)

mimicry

63.

a deer and a shrub

a)

predator-prey

b)

herbivory

c)

cooperation

d)

competition

e)

mimicry

64.

a venomous coral snake with red, yellow, and black bands, and a non venomous king snake with red, yellow, and black bands

a)

predator-prey

b)

herbivory

c)

cooperation

d)

competition

e)

mimicry

65.

a toxic, orange and black monarch butterfly and a nontoxic, orange and black viceroy butterfly

a)

predator-prey

b)

herbivory

c)

cooperation

d)

competition

e)

mimicry

66.

fleas on a dog

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

67.

tree and bird

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

68.

whale and barnacle

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

69.

honey badger and honeyguide bird

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

70.

A harmless scarlet king snake and a venomous eastern coral snake have similar band patterns, as shown below. For the scarlet king snake, the adaptation of having a banding pattern like the eastern coral snake’s is known as mimicry. The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to —

a)

make it easier for the scarlet king snake to attract prey

b)

make it easier for the scarlet king snake to interbreed with the other snake

c)

allow the scarlet king snake to blend in with its environment

d)

protect the scarlet king snake from predators

71.

process transforms light energy into chemical energy

a)

trophic level

b)

photosynthesis

c)

producer

d)

detritivore

72.

each step in a food chain

a)

trophic level

b)

photosynthesis

c)

producer

d)

detritivore

73.

an organism that makes its own food

a)

trophic level

b)

photosynthesis

c)

producer

d)

detritivore

74.

an organism that eats only producers

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

top consumer

75.

an organism that eats primary consumers

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

top consumer

76.

an organism that eats secondary consumers

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

top consumer

77.

the consumer at the end of the food chain that has no natural predators

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

top consumer

78.

grass

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

79.

grasshopper

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

80.

frog

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

81.

snake

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

82.

hawk

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

83.

limits the size of a food web

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

84.

provides the most available energy

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

85.

gets energy directly from the sun

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

e)

top predator

86.

Based on the energy flow between trophic levels in an energy pyramid, how much energy would be expected to be found at the secondary consumer level in this pyramid?

a)

100 joules

b)

500 joules

c)

1,000 joules

d)

50 joules

87.

changes that occur in an ecosystem that has no soil

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

climax community

d)

pioneer species

e)

lichen

88.

the first organisms to live in an ecosystem

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

climax community

d)

pioneer species

e)

lichen

89.

pioneer species that breaks up rock into soil

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

climax community

d)

pioneer species

e)

lichen

90.

the final community of organisms in an ecosystem once it becomes stable

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

climax community

d)

pioneer species

e)

lichen

91.

changes that occur in an ecosystem after a disturbance that has not removed the soil

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

climax community

d)

pioneer species

e)

lichen

92.

after lava flows

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

93.

new sand dunes

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

94.

retreating glaciers

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

95.

forest fire

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

96.

hurricane

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

97.

starts on bare rock

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

98.

the evaporation of water from the leaves of plants, returning it from the atmosphere

a)

condensation

b)

precipitation

c)

evaporation

d)

transpiration

99.

the process used by autotrophs to convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic carbohydrates

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

combustion

100.

the process used by all living things that uses the energy from carbohydrates and releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

combustion

101.

the burning of fossil fuels which converts organic carbon stored in the earth back into inorganic carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

combustion

102.

the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia by lighting and by nitrogen-fixing bacteria

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

decomposers

d)

eutrophication

e)

denitrification

103.

the process of converting ammonia into nitrates and nitrites

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

decomposers

d)

eutrophication

e)

denitrification

104.

organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead organisms the process of converting nitrates in the soil back into atmospheric nitrogen gas by bacteria

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

decomposers

d)

eutrophication

e)

denitrification

105.

the depletion of oxygen in a body of water caused by overgrowth of producers

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

decomposers

d)

eutrophication

e)

denitrification

106.

the chemical is added to the soil as rock weathers

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

phosphorus

d)

water vapor

e)

nitrogen

107.

the chemical is added to the soil by bacteria or lightning

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

phosphorus

d)

water vapor

e)

nitrogen

108.

the chemical is added to the atmosphere by cellular respiration

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

phosphorus

d)

water vapor

e)

nitrogen

109.

the chemical is added to the atmosphere by photosynthesis

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

phosphorus

d)

water vapor

e)

nitrogen

110.

the chemical is added to the atmosphere by transpiration

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

phosphorus

d)

water vapor

e)

nitrogen

111.

takes carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere so plants can make food

a)

water cycle

b)

carbon cycle

c)

nitrogen cycle

d)

phosphorus cycle

112.

takes phosphorus out of rocks and into the soil for plants to use

a)

water cycle

b)

carbon cycle

c)

nitrogen cycle

d)

phosphorus cycle

113.

takes nitrogen out of the atmosphere eventually putting it in the soil for plants to use

a)

water cycle

b)

carbon cycle

c)

nitrogen cycle

d)

phosphorus cycle

114.

takes water out of the atmosphere for plants and animals to use

a)

water cycle

b)

carbon cycle

c)

nitrogen cycle

d)

phosphorus cycle

115.

puts oxygen into the atmosphere

a)

water cycle

b)

carbon cycle

c)

nitrogen cycle

d)

phosphorus cycle

116.

gases that trap heat in the atmosphere

a)

global warming

b)

climate

c)

climate change

d)

greenhouse gas

117.

the average weather over a period of time

a)

global warming

b)

climate

c)

climate change

d)

greenhouse gas

118.

changes in the earth’s climate over time

a)

global warming

b)

climate

c)

climate change

d)

greenhouse gas

119.

the increase in the average temperature over time

a)

global warming

b)

climate

c)

climate change

d)

greenhouse gas

120.

Which statement is best supported by the information in the graph?

a)

N2O levels will begin to decrease, stopping ozone layer depletion.

b)

CO2 levels will continue to rise, increasing average global temperatures.

c)

CH4 levels will increase further, decreasing average global temperatures.

d)

All greenhouse gases will have a rapid decline, returning to levels prior to the 1500s.

121.

Which environmental concern is most associated with burning fossil fuels?

a)

global climate change

b)

pollution of ocean waters

c)

ozone layer destruction

d)

decrease in levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide

122.

Excess carbon gases released into the atmosphere cause additional radiation to be retained and Earth's average temperature to increase. This phenomenon is known as-

a)

solar radiation.

b)

the ozone shield.

c)

the greenhouse effect.

d)

industrial air pollution.

123.

What is the role of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

a)

They trap some of the Sun’s heat energy within the atmosphere, helping to maintain Earth’s average temperature.

b)

They prevent most of the Sun’s rays from reaching Earth, thereby preventing Earth from heating up.

c)

They divert the Sun’s heat from the equator to the poles, causing the ice caps to melt, leading to global warming.

d)

They destroy the ozone layer, allowing harmful ultraviolet rays of the Sun to reach the surface of Earth.

124.

Pesticides, such as DDT, often have harmful effects on aquatic ecosystems. One harmful effect would be that these pesticides

a)

cause fish to become sterile and unable to lay eggs.

b)

cause algae and plants to overgrow and pollute the water when they die.

c)

accumulate in animals and build up in toxic concentrations as they pass through the food chain.

d)

eliminate most of the algae and plants in the food chain, causing animals to starve, at higher levels of the food chain.

125.

Instead of clear-cutting land and moving on, a local lumber business decides to start farming trees: cutting some of the trees and planting the fields they have just cut with saplings. Compared to the old method of clear-cutting, the impact this new strategy will have on the environment is best described as what?

a)

Positive, since the lumber company will immediately make more money.

b)

Negative, since it is destroying much of the environment.

c)

Positive, since it is a sustainable plan to use a renewable resource.

d)

Negative, since it is a sustainable plan to use a renewable resource.

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