Hot dry (desert-like) regions are known for the following characteristics

Topography pertains to the following except

The final grade after all landscape development has been completed

Building on level sites are favorable because

Appropriate for large, relatively uncomplicated grading plans and may also be used to compute volumes of water in ponds and lakes. Mostly used by landscape architects because it is most accurate.

Landscape elements include the following except

Inherent problems in the site may include the following except

Throughout the rest of the year, the Philippines experiences the west or southwest wind and southwest monsoon which is called

Best suited for linear construction such as roads, paths, and utility trenching

Type of street pattern wherein the site is divided into square or rectangular blocks

Local microclimates also pertain to the following except

For small project requiring only a limited water supply, possible sources are

Hammer, T-junction, and turn-around are examples of

Based on Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, it is the need for affiliation and be a member of a group.

Example of Physical Form

Example of Economic Function

Utility is an example of

Flow of people is an example of

Water supply is an example of

Churches belief are example of

Accessibility is an example of

This image is an example of

This image is an example of

This image is an example of

This image is an example of

This image is an example of

Urban planning deals with the planning of areas which constitutes both urban and rural areas.

What was the book that he published?

When did he published the book?

Were the questions easy to answer?

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends______ minimum urban green space per person

-------- are land that is set aside for public recreation and leisure, or as parklands or for similar purposes. It includes both passive and active open space

______ are open spaces serving a small catchment area such that users are within safe walking distance. This could be in the range of 150m to 300m, depending on the population density and the presence of barriers. Examples include parklands, gardens, plazas and civic spaces.

______ are open spaces serving three neighborhoods, generally with a size of 5-6 hectares. Generally, this type of open space provides several recreation nodes offering a wide range of opportunities including sporting facilities. Passive recreation provision is important either as the primary function or to complement a sporting use.

-------- are open space that is set aside for parks, gardens, linear corridors, conservation areas, nature reserves, public squares, and community gardens that are made available for passive recreation, play and unstructured physical activity.

-------- are open spaces set aside for the primary purpose of formal outdoor sports by the community, such as city-owned basketball courts and playgrounds

______ are open spaces serving an area generally within a walking distance of 400m to 500m from houses. The size would generally be from 0.75 to 1.00 hectare, with a minimum width of 50m to achieve a reasonably proportioned open space.

Examples include parklands, gardens, plazas and civic spaces.

______ are open spaces serving the catchment including and beyond the municipality, including neighboring municipalities. The size is generally 10 to 30 hectares. This category also includes important sites of historical, cultural, or environmental significance.

________ is land that is not suited for development purposes. It includes easements for powerlines, waterways/drainage, floodwater retention ponds, wetlands, landfill, conservation and heritage areas. This land may be used for a range of activities such as walking trails and sports fields, but this is not provided as a substitute for public open space requirements.

________ refers to a “sphere of influence” of open space in terms of travel, use and its role within the open space system. Catchment can be explained using distance (eg, walkability distance), travel time, role of the site, scale, quality and level of service, and in some cases even subsequent maintenance and resourcing required for effective asset management.

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Install landscaping that is native to your location.

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Plan for water management-rainfall is a potential water bonanza. Large outdoor tanks can store thousands of gallons of water for use later in irrigation, or, with treatment, for drinking and cooking.

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Building close to public transportation and bike paths, and having walking access to basic services will minimize auto use.

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Plant drought-tolerant species of plants.

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Trees on the east and west side of a building can reduce cooling loads.

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Mixed use community areas of residential and commercial uses help create lively communities and reduce auto use.

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Minimize waste by designing for standard ceiling heights and building dimensions. Avoid waste from structural over-design. Simplify building geometry.

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Include a root cellar in your home. These keep vegetables and fruits fresh without refrigeration and increase your storage capacity.

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Major windows should face south - but don't overdo! Too many south facing windows make rooms hot in the summer.

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Make good use of interior space with good design- the smaller the building, the more materials, energy and money you save.

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Rotate the orientation of the house so that south-facing walls take advantage of solar warmth during the winter.

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Make it easy to recycle by placing recycling bins near the kitchen and adding under-sink compost receptacles.

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Dense shrubbery can block cold winter winds or help channel cool summer breezes.

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Plant edible landscaping for people as well as birds, butterflies, and wildlife.

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To the north, a band of evergreens blocks the wind in winter. Toward the south, deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves in the winter) help shade the house in the summer, but let light pass through in the winter.

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Blocking summer sun - Design roof overhangs over south facing windows so sunlight penetrates the house in the winter and is blocked in the summer.

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Site conditions such as natural vegetation, patterns of water runoff, and the direction of prevailing winds at different times of the year have an important bearing on where the house should be sited and built.

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Rooms that need morning light and warmth should be located in the southeast quadrant of the house; locate room used later in the day facing west, and utility areas on the north side.

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Cluster buildings to preserve open space and wildlife habitats.

---(BLANK)-- is a key instrument for establishing long-term, sustainable frameworks for social, territorial and economic development both within and between countries. Its primary role is to enhance the integration between sectors such as housing, transport, energy and industry, and to improve national and local systems of urban and rural development, also taking into account environmental considerations

---(BLANK)-- also known as urban and regional planning, city planning, town and country planning, and/or human settlements planning, refers to the multi-disciplinary art and science of analyzing, specifying, clarifying, harmonizing, managing and regulating the use and development of land and water resources, in relation to their environs, for the development of sustainable communities and ecosystems.

---(BLANK)-- is the act of defining the allocation, utilization, development, and management of all lands within a given territory or jurisdiction according to the inherent qualities of the land itself and supportive of sustainable, economic, demographic, socio-cultural, and environmental objectives as an aid to decision-making and legislation.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning depends very much on the form of government in which it is embedded. Good government corresponds to good planning. Spatial planning is a centrally important government function, that directly affects the lives of all people. It is therefore particularly important that planning decisions are made with legitimate authority by bodies that are accountable through democratic processes.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning depends very much on the form of government in which it is embedded. Good government corresponds to good planning. Spatial planning is a centrally important government function, that directly affects the lives of all people. It is therefore particularly important that planning decisions are made with legitimate authority by bodies that are accountable through democratic processes.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning takes into account that many planning issues “spill over” from one locality to another, across municipalities, regions, and even countries. In these cases, there is an argument for ceding some parts of decision-making to a higher level covering the larger area to avoid incoherent spatial development strategies. When appropriate, the decision-making process should be driven by local requirements. This principle acknowledges that it may be necessary for the decision to be made at higher levels because the scale of the issue or objective being pursued cannot properly be addressed at the local level.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning takes into account that spatial planning plays a critical role in facilitating policy coherence and integration through territorial strategies. Integration between levels of government (jurisdictions) helps to create complementary and mutually reinforcing policies and actions. Integration across policy sectors will mutually reinforce positive benefits. Integration across administrative boundaries creates policy coherence and reduces damaging competition across larger territories.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning takes into account that spatial planning decisions have such a wide and direct impact that opportunities to participate in those decisions should extend beyond the normal democratic process. Effective procedures for community involvement will enhance the legitimacy of policy- and decision-making by creating a sense of local ownership and ensuring consideration of citizens and property owners’ rights. The decision-making process should be transparent so that all citizens are made aware of the reasoning behind decisions. Citizens should have access to information about development proposals, plans, and policies, as well as to the officers and political committees that make such decisions.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning takes into account that spatial planning must facilitate initiative and intuition rather than simply adhering to overly prescriptive, and possibly ineffective, measures. Spatial planning should also follow a minimalist approach, making it possible to prioritize the issues that need most urgent attention.

This fundamental principle of spatial planning indicates that where the potential damage caused by any development activity is serious or irreversible, the lack of certainty about impacts should not be used as a reason for inappropriate policy decisions or the failure to take corrective action.

The arrangement and design of buildings, public spaces, transport systems, services, and amenities.

•the control of the use of land and design of the urban environment, including transportation networks, to guide and ensure the orderly development of settlements and communities.

Chandigarh city was designed by

Identify the type of settlement

Identify the type of settlement

Identify the type of settlement

•Types of the settlements are determined by the extent of the built-up area and inter-house distance.

Identify the pattern of Settlements

Identify the pattern of Settlements

Identify the pattern of Settlements

A ------- is a general term used in archaeology, geography, landscape history, and other subjects for a permanent or temporary community in which people live, without being specific as to size, population, or importance.

______ Settlement grows by natural accretion around its source of life – usually a body of water, food basket, or locus of commerce

Human adaptation gives settlement its “shape and pattern”

______ settlement is purposively designed with identifiable core, nodes, transport network, and edges.

Might be a result of royal decree during colonial period, or a statute from modern legislature, or thorough re-planning by a specialist commissioned by local government.

The development of _____ influenced the division of land into separately owned plots aided by the plow which achieved the rectilinear plots guided by the “square measure”

The converging routes and the later roads marking the lines of successive city walls together may produce a plan resembling a spider’s web, and it is to the Middle Ages that some authorities ascribe the first use of the _____ still typical of many European cities

______ became the first template to design the conquest and layout of Spain's territories in the Americas and the Philippines. In the establishment of mission settlements by the Spanish religious, spatial choices, and organization, the code dictated the location of new settlements that later on became town nuclei, the apportionment of land to Spain's loyal soldiers, the church-plaza centric arrangement, and the humane manner by which the conquerors should treat the natives.

______ literally meaning "reduction under the church bells," the reducción became the seed from which villages and later towns evolved and developed, under the watch and supervision of Spain's religious missionaries. The religious gathered the natives in a doctrina or religious mission and, thus, from there preached the Christian doctrine.

The______ mirrored the provisions of the Laws of the Indies, which served as the planning backbone for the first centuries of conquest, pacification and reduction under the fold of Christianity and the protection of the Spanish Crown. Emerging as political units, this arrangement reflects the social stratification prevalent in the period.

______ are watershed events that triggered the genesis of American sanitary order in the Philippines in which American colonial therapeutics justified the use of force in the aggressive overhaul of the physical urban space and the native practices that occurred within its domain.

______ was issued on November 20, 1943 instructing the cultivation of all available lands for the production of food crops. Thiswas prompted by food shortage and an unprecedented rise in essential commodities. The ordinance, which was a reiteration of Executive Order No. 40 signed by Vargas in May 14, 1942, led to the unregulated slash-and-burn agriculture and the destruction of many forest areas.

This process selects from a list of potential sites on that suits best in the given use and requirements of the project.

This process selects the best possible use and development suited for a given site.

It is the branch of geology that deals with the origin, nature and distribution of landforms.

A detailed description or representation on a map of the natural and artificial features of an area.

The natural science that

studies the waters of the earth, their

occurrence, circulation and distribution, their

chemical and physical properties, and their

reaction to the living environment including

their relation to all living things.

A permeable geological stratum or formation that can both

store and transit groundwater in significant quantities.

A geographic area of land bounded by topographic

features and height of land that captures precipitation, filters and stores water and drains water to a shared designation.

It influences the privacy, social contact among people, and freedom of movement of an individual or a group of people.

The study of the community and its social and economic structures are done to determine whether there is a need, an interest, or any objections on the project.

It is defined as the way an open space of a given site is configured to an arrangement of elements that evoke activity or flow, both physically or visually

When sites are characterized by

outstanding natural features of earth

rock, water or plant material, these

may be incorporated in the site

development as natural assets of the

land.

It is a confined

view usually directed

toward a terminal or a

dominant feature.

The vehicular and pedestrian circulation on or adjacent to site.

These are present, along with laws and codes, in every city and municipality to regulate the type of development. It divides into land-use that are designated by building height, building coverage, density of population and open spaces.

The art of arranging structures on the land and shaping

the spaces between; an art linked to architecture,

engineering, landscape and city planning.

Defines a project's scope, objectives, purpose and deliverables:

Considered as the slope's orientation, influencing the site's microclimate by affecting the amount of solar radiation striking the surface.

The shape of development exhibited by the settlements of the Meso-American civilizations as well as the Mesopotamian civilizations.

Precursor to linear cities.

One of the earlier influences on sustainable developments stemmed from the work of Paolo Soleri. How did he translate his concept of sustainable planning?

A growing concern of urbanization, resulting to congestion of cities.

What is the shape of development that encourages cooperation?

According to Ferdinand Tonnies, it is a community type that describes an association in which individual's self-interest takes precedence over the larger association.

In James Vance's urban model, he explains that the urban realm is a natural function of the growth of cities and suggested this term to describe the basic unit of an extended metropolis.

Gentrification in cities could result to the following:

Issues such as slums, crimes, homelessness, traffic congestion, urban sprawl, among many, result from the continuous population growth of cities. These cities with very large population are referred to as:

A form of living street (woonerf) that helps manage the vehicular traffic to provide safer conditions for communities:

A development type characterized by a mixed-use residential and commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport and encourage transit ridership:

A popular movement which claimed that design could not be separated from social issues and should encourage civic pride and engagement. Most new capital cities adopted this planning approach including the master plan for the capitol city of Quezon in 1941.

Considered as one of the first industrialized districts in Manila.