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EARTH SCI UNIT TEST

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 5hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How does salt water from the ocean end up as fresh water in precipitation?

a)

Runoff leaves salt in the soil

b)

Precipitation leaves salt in the clouds

c)

Evaporation leaves salt in the ocean

d)

Condensation leaves salt in the water vapor

2.

What is the primary energy source that drives the Earth’s water cycle between the atmosphere, oceans, and land?

a)

Wind

b)

Sunlight

c)

Ocean currents

d)

Rotation of Earth

3.

Water gains energy during evaporation. During what process in the water cycle is this energy released?

a)

Infiltration/percolation through the soil

b)

Transpiration from plants

c)

Runoff into the lake and ocean

d)

Condensation that forms clouds

4.

__________ occurs when water flows over the surface of land.

a)

Runoff

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Transpiration

5.

The __________ is the where gases form a blanket around the Earth.

a)

Biosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Lithosphere-----

6.

Transpiration is the

a)

process by which grass grows in the summer months

b)

process by which plants absorb water through their roots and then release it through the pores on their leaves

c)

process by which water evaporates into the air through animals

d)

process by which salt water is purified

7.

Evaporation is...

a)

the process in which water turns into a solid

b)

the process by which the sun turns water into air

c)

the process by which water changes from a liquid state into a gas

d)

the process by which clouds form

8.

Condensation is...

a)

the process in which water vapor cools and becomes a liquid

b)

the process by which water turns into a gas

c)

the process by which the sun heats water and it turns into gas

d)

the process by which clouds convert water into precipitation

9.

precipitation is...

a)

rain, snow, clouds, condensation

b)

sand, dirt, mud, rain

c)

rain, snow, ice, hail

d)

hail, snow, sun, runoff

10.

During this stage of the water cycle energy is added

a)

condensation

b)

precipitation

c)

evaporation

d)

transpiration

11.

During this stage of the water cycle, energy is lost...

a)

condensation

b)

precipitation

c)

evaporation

d)

transpiration

12.

As water turns into water vapor and rises, it cools and becomes... pick the answer that shows the two forms of the water cycle

a)

evaporation -- transpiration

b)

transpiration -- evaporation

c)

precipitation -- condensation

d)

evaporation -- condensation

13.

The five types of surface water are...

a)

groundwater, runoff, glaciers, springs, & volcanic steam

b)

lakes, rivers, oceans, springs, & runoff

c)

runoff, volcanic steam, aquifers, & treatment plants

d)

groundwater, glaciers, lakes, rivers, & oceans

14.

Lithosphere is the...

a)

Hard outer layer of the earth

b)

The warm inner layer of earth's crust

c)

The air above the land

d)

The clouds in the sky

15.

Hydrosphere is the...

a)

The gas around earth

b)

The air above earth

c)

The land on earth

d)

Water on earth

16.

Biosphere is the

a)

the earth's water

b)

the global ecosystem composed of living and non-living organisms

c)

the hard layer of earth on the surface

d)

the air surrounding earth

17.

In which layer of the geosphere does the asthenosphere lie 

a)

core

b)

mantle

c)

oceanic crust 

d)

continental crust 

18.

Which statement best describes the distribution of water on Earth

a)

Most water is freshwater and most of that freshwater is in ice and glaciers

b)

Most water is saltwater and most of that saltwater is groundwater

c)

A small percentage of water is freshwater. Most of that freshwater is atmospheric water

d)

A small percentage of water is freshwater. Most of that freshwater is in ice and glaciers

e)

About half of water on Earth is freshwater and half is saltwater.

19.

Part of the Earth where life is found

a)

Biome

b)

Ecology

c)

Biosphere

d)

Ecosystem

20.

What is the most abundant renewable energy source on Earth?

a)

Wind

b)

Solar

c)

Hydro

d)

Fossil Fuels

21.

The Earth is creating new crust at the mid-ocean ridge so it stands to reason that the Earth is getting bigger.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

The Earth has an inner, outer, and bi-outer core.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

A volcanologist examines lava expelled during the latest eruption. She is studying what

Earth sphere?

a)

Geosphere

b)

MAgnetosphere

c)

Cryosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

24.

In order to piece together Earth's magnetic history, geologists use data from ________.

a)

rock units on land

b)

Ocean crust

c)

Both A and B

d)

Neither A nor B

25.

The cryosphere encompasses ________.

a)

polar regions

b)

mountain tops

c)

ice shelves

d)

All of the above

26.

The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is ________.

a)

a. oxygen

b)

b. nitrogen

c)

c. carbon dioxide

d)

d. Argon

27.

The geothermal gradient describes

a)

the increase in pressure within Earth

b)

 the decrease in temperature within Earth

c)

the decrease in pressure within Earth

d)

the increase in temperature within Earth

28.

The majority of water on the planet is ________.

a)

Fresh

b)

Brackish

c)

Saline

d)

Brine

29.

What produces Earth's magnetic field?

a)

the movement of Earth's tectonic plates

b)

the pressure of Earth's crust upon Earth's mantle

c)

the rotation of Earth's core

d)

the bombardment of Earth's atmosphere by solar particles

30.

Which statement about Earth's atmosphere is true?

a)

Carbon dioxide is now the most abundant gas because of human activities that burn fossil fuels.

b)

Oxygen is the most abundant gas because it is produced by plants during photosynthesis.

c)

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas because it does not react with minerals and rocks at Earth's surface.

d)

None of these statements are true.

31.

Which of the following are considered major constituents of ocean water?

a)

chloride and sodium

b)

calcium and fluoride

c)

potassium and bicarbonate

d)

magnesium and strontium

32.

Earth is composed of which of the following spheres?

a)

geosphere and biosphere

b)

cryosphere and hydrosphere

c)

atmosphere and magnetosphere

d)

All of the above 

33.

Which of the following processes is most necessary to form sedimentary rocks?

a)

Cooling

b)

subduction

c)

deposition

d)

metamorphism

34.

Definition Of Glacier

a)

the layer of solid rock between Earth’s crust and core

b)

the combination of Earth's inner and outer core, mantle, and crust

c)

a continuous stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun which flows outward into

them

d)

a large mass of ice resting on, or overlapping, a land surface

e)

the portion of Earth's crust that makes up the ocean floor and is generally denser

35.

the combination of Earth's inner and outer core, mantle, and crust

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Geosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Atmosphere

36.

the layer of solid rock between Earth’s crust and core

a)

inner core

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Oceanic crust

37.

the part of the earth in which living organisms are known to exist

a)

Geosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Asthenosphere

38.

the layers of gasses that surround a planet

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Asthenosphere

39.

water with a low salt concentration--usually 1% or less

a)

Salt water

b)

Brackish water

c)

Fresh water

d)

Ground water

40.

Materials that have large and connected pores which allows water to pass through easily

a)
Solid rocks
b)

Permeable

c)
Non-porous substances
d)

Impermeable

41.

Is a land area covered with water (marshes, swamps and bogs)

a)
Wetland
b)

watershed

c)

tributary

d)
Desert
42.

The upper layer of soil and rock that contain air as well as water

a)

saturated zone

b)

unsaturated zone

c)
Subsoil
d)
Topsoil
43.

Any of the water liquid or soil water on Earth's surface

a)
Atmospheric water
b)
Groundwater
c)
Desalinated water
d)
Surface water
44.

The land area that supplies water to a river system

a)
Watershed
b)
Riverbank
c)
Floodplain
d)
Delta
45.

A lake that stores water for human use, such as drinking, watering crops, boating and fishing

a)

dams

b)

reservoir

c)
Wind turbine operation
d)
Solar panel installation
46.

The land area that supplies water to a river system

a)
Watershed
b)
Estuary
c)

groundwater

d)

river

47.

The underground area where water fills the cracks and pores in soil and rocks

a)

unsaturated zone

b)

saturated zone

c)
Reservoir
d)
Aquifer
48.

Any layer that can hold water

a)
Reservoir
b)
Lake
c)
Aquifer
d)
Pond
49.

Water that flows over the ground instead of sinking into the ground

a)
Soil moisture retention
b)
Rainwater absorption
c)

runoff

d)
Groundwater flow
50.

Is the underground boundary where the soil permanently saturated with water

a)
water table
b)
groundwater recharge
c)
permeable layer
d)
aquifer
51.

Is a stream or river that flows into a larger river

a)
Tributary
b)
Confluence
c)
Delta
d)
Estuary
52.

Materials that have small and unconnected pores which water cannot pass through easily

a)

Permeable

b)

Impermeable

c)
Absorbent materials
d)
Waterproof materials
53.

Is a hole sunk into the ground to reach a supply of water

a)
well
b)
pond
c)
river
d)
lake
54.

The movement of deep, cold, nutrient filled water to the surface of the ocean after the winds move the warmer water away is called _______.

a)

Ocean Current

b)

Upwelling

c)

Deep Currents

d)

Surface Currents

55.
Two types of ocean currents are
a)
local and global
b)
sea and land
c)
surface and deep
d)
warm and cold
56.

Surface currents are mainly formed by and driven by the ______.

a)
The Coriolis Effect
b)
Cold and Warm Water
c)
Convection
d)

Winds

57.

Regular movements of ocean water formed by density and are far below the surface, are called

_________.

a)
Warm Currents
b)
Deep Currents
c)
Shallow Currents
d)
Surface Currents
58.

Ocean water is more dense than fresh water at the same temperature due to differences in _________.

a)
Wind patterns
b)
 Lifeforms
c)
Currents
d)
Salinity
59.

Deep Ocean currents are primarily caused by ________.

a)

temperature and salinity

b)

wind

c)

gravity

d)

precipitation

60.

The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the ____________.

a)

Gulf Stream

Current

b)
California Current
c)
North Equatorial Current
d)
Brazil Current
61.

When surface currents meet continents they ___?

a)

Stop moving

b)

Are deflected (change paths)

c)

Continue in the direction they were going

62.

Salt water is ____________ fresh water.

a)

more dense than

b)

less dense than

c)

the same density as

63.
Analyze the image. What could explain why certain parts of the ocean have warmer temperatures?
a)
the uneven heating of the Earth's surface
b)
the rising of cold air and the sinking of warm air
c)
hurricanes
64.
Analyze the image. The red arrows represent warm water rising and the blue arrows represent cold water sinking. What type of heat transfer is responsible for this movement?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
65.
Analyze the map.
Why is it warmer in Charleston than it is in San Diego even though they are the same distance from the Equator?
a)
San Diego is affected by the Gulf Stream
b)
Charleston is affected by the California current
c)
Charleston is affected by the Gulf Stream
66.
Analyze the map.
Why is it colder in San Diego than it is in Charleston even though they are the same distance from the Equator?
a)
San Diego is affected by the Gulf Stream
b)
Charleston is affected by the California current
c)
San Diego is affected by the California Current
67.
The Earth's greatest source of energy comes from the _________.
a)
precipitation
b)
rotation of its axis
c)
Sun
d)
oceans currents
68.
The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the 
a)
Gulf Stream
b)
California Current
c)
North Equatorial Current
d)
Brazil Current
69.
Does the gulf stream carry warm or cold water?
a)
warm water
b)
cold water
70.

Organisms such as ____, ____, and ____ rely on ocean currents for transportation.

a)

Sea turtles, coconut trees, and plankton

b)

Oxygen, nitrogen and carbon

c)

thermal and kinetic energy

d)

fish, kelp, sea otters

71.

Ocean currents transport matter and energy. Besides water, ocean currents also carry important matter such as ____, ____and _____ necesary for the survival of marine organisms.

a)

fresh water, ice and warm water

b)

coconuts, plankton and sand dollars

c)

nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen

72.

Contains the Ozone Layer.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

73.

Where ALL weather takes place.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

74.

Located CLOSEST to Earth's surface.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

75.

Coldest layer.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

76.

Hottest layer, thinnest air.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

77.

Greatest air pressure because it has the most molecules.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Mesosphere

d)

Thermosphere

e)

All of the above.

78.

78% of the Earth's atmosphere is ___________ and 21% of the Earth's atmosphere is _____________.

a)

Oxygen, Nitrogen

b)

Nitrogen, Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide

d)

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide

79.

In the troposphere, the temperature _____ as altitude increases.

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Stays the same

d)

Goes up and down

80.

As altitude increases, air pressure....

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Stays the same

d)

Goes up and down

81.

The ozone layer is a sublayer of the ________ layer.

a)

Troposphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Exosphere

d)

Mesosphere

82.

Why is the ozone layer vital to life on Earth?

a)

Planes fly in the ozone layer

b)

It is made up of oxygen (O2)

c)

It shields the Earth from ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun

d)

It causes clouds to be created