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Total questions: 129

Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
An RNA molecule is
a)
double helix
b)
always double stranded
c)
usually double stranded
d)
single stranded
2.
In mRNA, each codon specifies a particular 
a)
nucleotide
b)
amino acid
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
3.

. What are the building blocks of proteins called?

a)

nucleotides

b)

proteins

c)

amino acids

d)

carbohydrates

4.
How many bases are in one codon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
5.

Using the codon identify the amino acid sequence:

AUG-CCA-GUA-GGG-UAA

a)

MET-HIS-ALA-GLY-STOP

b)

MET-PRO-GLY-VAL-STOP

c)

MET-PRO-VAL-GLY-STOP

d)

MET-THR-SER-ASP-STOP

6.
What is the correct sequence?
a)
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
b)
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
c)
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
d)
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
7.
What structure in a cell is the site for making proteins?
a)
ribosomes
b)
mitochondria
c)
lysosome
d)
Golgi body
8.
What is this a picture of?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
pRNA
9.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Tyrosine
10.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA makes RNA which produces protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
11.
Process in which amino acids are assembled into proteins at the ribosome?
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Meiosis
d)
Replication
12.
Which structure reads the mRNA codons?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Golgi Body
d)
Enzyme
13.
Where in the cell does translation take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
DNA
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Ribosome
14.
What type of molecule is the end product of translation?
a)
Glucose
Glucose
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Glycogen
d)
Protein
15.

What is the correct sequence of protein synthesis?

A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome

B. DNA molecules serve as the templates for mRNA.

C. mRNA molecules move to ribosomes.

D. Polypeptides are formed on ribosomes.

a)

A-B-C-D

b)

B-C-A-D

c)

C-B-A-D

d)

D-B-A-C

16.
Brings the amino acids to the ribosome
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
17.

Overall, protein synthesis consists of these steps

a)

DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis and transcription

b)

transcription and translation

c)

DNA synthesis, transcription and translation

18.

When RNA polymerase Unzips DNA and starts to copy a gene, what type of RNA does it create?

a)
messenger RNA (mRNA)
b)
transfer RNA (tRNA)
c)
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
d)
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
19.

What are the monomers of DNA?

a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
20.

What is unique about each gene in our DNA?

a)
Each gene is responsible for a unique trait.
b)
Each gene is found in a unique location in the genome.
c)
Each gene contains a unique sequence of amino acids.
d)
Each gene contains a unique sequence of nucleotides.
21.

The Central dogma is the explanation of how _____ is converted into _____.

a)
RNA, proteins
b)
proteins, DNA
c)
DNA, RNA
d)

DNA, proteins

22.

Which of the following steps in protein synthesis happens first?

a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Initiation
d)
Post-translational modification
23.

Which of the following in protein synthesis happens last

a)

rRNA reads the codon of mRNA

b)

mRNA leaves the nucleus

c)

amino acids are bonded together using tRNA to make a protein

d)

mRNA is created from RNA polymerase

24.

What is the job of rRNA?

a)
rRNA is responsible for storing genetic information
b)
rRNA helps in cell division
c)
rRNA is involved in energy production
d)
rRNA helps build proteins
25.

Use the DNA sequence below to determine the proper RNA sequence. TTT-CGC-ATA

a)

AAA-GCG-UAU

b)
UUU-GCG-UAU
c)
TTT-GCG-ATA
d)
TTT-CGC-ATT
26.

During transcription which of the following does NOT happen?

a)
Formation of mRNA
b)
Binding of RNA polymerase to DNA
c)
Separation of DNA strands
d)
Synthesis of a new DNA strand
27.

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

a)
cytoplasm
b)
mitochondria
c)
cell membrane
d)
nucleus
28.

Where does Translation occur in the cell?

a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosomes
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
29.

What is another name for rRNA

a)
messenger RNA
b)
transfer RNA
c)
deoxyribonucleic acid
d)
ribosomal RNA
30.

Codons are always found on the ______ of the ribosome.

a)

Bottom

b)

Top

31.

Anti codons are always found on the ______ of the codon and are attached to the ______.

a)

Top ; tRNA

b)

Bottom ; tRNA

c)

Top ; mRNA

d)

Bottom ; rRNA

32.

tRNA creates a polypeptide chain during which phase of the central dogma?

a)
translation
b)
mutation
c)
transcription
d)
replication
33.

mRNA is in the nucleus during which phase of the central dogma?

a)
translation
b)
replication
c)
splicing
d)
transcription
34.

What is attached to the top of a tRNA?

a)
amino acid
b)
ribosome
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
35.

What is the job of mRNA?

a)
mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
b)
mRNA acts as a structural component of the cell membrane.
c)
mRNA helps in the production of ATP in the mitochondria.
d)
mRNA is responsible for storing genetic information in the nucleus.
36.
Process in which amino acids are assembled into proteins at the ribosome?
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Meiosis
d)
Replication
37.
Which structure reads the mRNA codons?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Golgi Body
d)
Enzyme
38.
Thymine - Guanine - thymine - cytosine
This sequence describes:
a)
Nucleotides of an RNA molecule
b)
DNA base sequence.
c)
mRNA codons
d)
A sequence of amino acids brought by tRNA
39.
If the mRNA sequence of is AGA UUU CGA GCC,
how many amino acids are coded for?
a)
4
b)
5
c)
6
d)
0
40.
If the mRNA sequence is AGA UUU CGA GCC,
what is the complementary tRNA anticodons?
a)
AGA TTT CGA GCC
b)
UCU AAA GCU CGG
c)
TCT AAA GCT CGG
d)
UCU AAA CGA GGG
41.
Where in the cell does translation take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
DNA
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Ribosome
42.
What type of molecule is the end product of translation?
a)
Glucose
Glucose
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Glycogen
d)
Protein
43.
Four stages in the production of protein molecules in a cell are listed below. What is the correct sequence of protein synthesis?
A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome
B. DNA molecules serve as the templates for mRNA.
C. mRNA molecules move to ribosomes.
D.  Polypeptides are formed on ribosomes.
a)
A-B-C-D
b)
B-C-A-D
c)
C-B-A-D
d)
D-B-A-C
44.
Four stages in the production of protein molecules in a cell are listed below. What is the correct sequence of protein synthesis?
A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome
B. DNA molecules serve as the templates for mRNA.
C. mRNA molecules move to ribosomes.
D.  Polypeptides are formed on ribosomes.
a)
A-B-C-D
b)
B-C-A-D
c)
C-B-A-D
d)
D-B-A-C
45.
a)
 1 and 2 represent Transcription, 3-8 represent Translation.
b)
1 and 2 represent DNA replication, 3-8 represent Translation.
c)
1 and 2 represent Transcription, 3-8 represent DNA replication.
d)
1 and 2 represent DNA replication, 3-8 are Transcription.
46.
Using  your RNA chart, what would be the amino acid coded for by the DNA sequence TGA?
a)
Lysine
b)
Asparagine
c)
Threonine
d)
Methionine
47.

Where does translation occur in the cell?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)

nucleus

48.

This is a process that happens in living cells. Name the process and the location that it occurs within the cell.

a)

transcription, cytoplasm

b)

translation, cytoplasm

c)

translation, nucleus

d)

transcription, nucleus

49.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

50.

How many codons equals 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

51.

How many codons equals 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

52.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
53.

Identify all the structural differences between RNA and DNA.

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

54.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

55.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

56.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

57.

There are a total of ____ different amino acids

a)

20

b)

1

c)

4

d)

unlimited

58.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

59.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

60.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
61.

This molecule carries genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

a)

rRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

DNA

62.

What process is happening in the diagram?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

dna replication

d)

mitosis

63.

What is the sequence for protein synthesis?

a)

mRNA made from DNA, it leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, tRNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome where the mRNA is located where the protein is made

b)

DNA leaves the nucleus & enters the cytoplasm, tRNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome where the mRNA is located where the protein is made

c)

tRNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome where the mRNA is located where mRNA is made to construct more DNA

d)

mRNA made from another mRNA, it leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, tRNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome where the mRNA is located where the protein is made

64.

Transcription= ______________

a)

makes tRNA for amino acid attachment

b)

making more DNA

c)

translates proteins

d)

creates the code for proteins

65.

Translation=________________

a)

makes tRNA

b)

creates amino acids

c)

creates proteins

d)

makes a code

66.

What is the round structure attached at the top?

a)

codon

b)

amino acid

c)

tRNA

d)

ribosome

67.

Several amino acids create a ________________.

a)

protein

b)

tRNA

c)

code

d)

ribosome

68.

The following DNA strand is TTACCGATACAT, what would the transcription mRNA strand be?

a)

AAUGGUAUGUA

b)

TTACCGATACAT

c)

UUAGGCUAUCUA

d)

AATGGCTATGTA

69.

Using this mRNA strand: CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC, what would the correct original DNA strand?

a)

CUC-AAG-UUG-UUC

b)

GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG

c)

GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG

d)

AGA-CCT-GTA-GGA

70.

Which of the following molecules was made in the nucleus and carries the genetic code of DNA?

a)

tRNA

b)

ribosome

c)

protein chain

d)

mRNA

71.

What molecule is considered the anti-codon and brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome?

a)

protein chain

b)

ribosome

c)

mRNA

d)

tRNA

72.

The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

replication

73.

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

a)

transcription

b)

rRNA

c)

replication

d)

translation

74.

DNA holds the code for

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

sugars

75.

The main function of tRNA is to...

a)

carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins

b)

form a portion of ribosomes

c)

string together complementary RNA and DNA strands

d)

bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes

76.
There are _____ types or shapes of RNA
a)
4
b)
3
c)
5
77.
Where does the first step of protein synthesis take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Ribosome
d)
Cell Membrane
78.
What is assembled during transcription?
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
DNA replication
d)
court proceedings
79.
What is another name for a protein?
a)
a chain of amino acids
b)
polypeptide
c)
codon
d)
anticodon
80.
a 3 nucleotide sequence of tRNA
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
81.

Pick the correct order of gene expression.

a)

DNA -> Transcription -> RNA -> Translation -> Protein

b)

RNA -> Translation -> DNA -> Transcription -> Protein

c)

DNA --> RNA --> Transcription -> Translation --> Protein

d)

DNA -> Translation -> RNA -> Transcription -> Protein

82.

Translation consists of which of the following?

a)

conversion of genetic info from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins

b)

conversion of genetic info from DNA to RNA

c)

addition of nucleotides to a DNA template

d)

DNA replication

83.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
84.

mRNA contains which bases?

a)

adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine

b)

thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil

c)

thymine, uracil, cytosine, guanines

d)

adenine, uracil, guanine, thymine

85.

Translation is when...

a)

a strand of mRNA is read by tRNA in the ribosome to synthesize a protein

b)

a strand of amino acids is assembled in the nucleus

c)

a section of DNA (called a gene) is used to produce a strand of mRNA

d)

a protein is read by tRNA in the ribosome to assemble a strand of mRNA

86.

Which part of the structure of DNA informs the production of proteins?

a)

The sugar-phosphate backbones

b)

The order of nucleotides (like A, T, C, G)

c)

The double helix

d)

None of the above

87.

After translation, the strand of amino acids...

a)

folds up to make a protein

b)

is dissolved by enzymes

c)

unwinds and creates a chromosome

d)

returns to the nucleus

88.

A protein may not have the same function if...

a)

its structure has been altered.

b)

it's produced by a ribosome.

c)

its structure is intact.

d)

it's synthesized during translation.

89.

Use the amino acid wheel to translate the Anti-Codon.


AAG - UCG - CGC

a)

Threonine - STOP - Methionine

b)

Lysine - Serine - Arginine

c)

Glutamine - Histidine - Proline

90.

A codon is made up of how many mRNA bases

a)

15

b)

5

c)

3

91.

What carries the instructions for building a protein

a)

Trait

b)

RNA Synthase

c)

Gene

92.

What are the parts of a Nucleotide

a)

ribose + phosphate group + Uracil

b)

Phosphate group + Deoxyribose Sugar + Cytosine

c)

ribose + phosphate group + thymine

93.
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ___________. 
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
94.
DNA has a _____________ structure. 
a)
double helix
b)
single strand
c)
ring 
d)
chain
95.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
96.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
97.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
98.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA

a)

Met-Pro-Ala-Val

b)

Met-Pro-Val

c)

Tyr-Gly-His

d)

Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

99.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
100.
DNA travels outside of the nucleus.
a)
true
b)
false
101.
Messenger RNA carries a copy of the DNA code.
a)
true
b)
false
102.
Where do cells get the information to make proteins?
a)
RNA
b)
DNA
c)
phosphate group
103.
Which component of DNA determines the traits of an organism? 
a)
Nitrogen Bases
b)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
c)
Hydrogen bonds
104.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

cytoplasm

d)

chloroplast

105.
What are the backbones (sides) of the DNA structure made up of?
a)
repeating phosphates and sugars
b)
nitrogen bases
c)
nucleotides
d)
adenine and thymine
106.

What is the purpose of strand "A"?

a)

For DNA replication

b)

To make more DNA

c)

To serve as a template for the synthesis of mRNA

d)

To carry the genetic information to the cytoplasm

107.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
108.

Which of the following is a codon?

a)

ATC

b)

A

c)

AUC

d)

AU

109.

How many codons equals 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

110.

Which molecule carries the anticodon?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

DNA

d)

tRNA

111.

A polypeptide (protein chain) is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a _______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

proteins; hydrogen

c)

fatty acids; ionic

d)

fatty acids; covalent

112.

The tRNA carries the ____________________ which matches the _________________ on the mRNA strand.

a)

anticodon; codon

b)

codon; anticodon

c)

amino acid; DNA

d)

anitocodon; nucleotide

113.

Protein Synthesis is

a)

the process in which cells follow a series of steps to create proteins

b)

DNA replication -> Transcription -> Translation

c)

DNA is copied from mRNA, which is used as a template for the instructions to make protein

d)

All of the above!

114.
Which of the following best describes how DNA and RNA are similar?
a)
they both contain A and T
b)
They both have a double helix
c)
They are both composed of 5 different nucleotides
d)
they both have C and G
115.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
116.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
117.

Where are proteins assembled (put together) in a cell?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Muscles

118.

What is the last step of transcription?

a)

close DNA

b)

Detach ribosome

c)

connect it

d)

stop ribosome

119.

Which is bigger?

a)

nucleotide

b)

nucleic acid

120.

Which of these does not happen in the nucleus?

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

121.
The enzyme that produces RNA in Transcription is called
a)
RNA Polymerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Transcriptase
d)
RNA Intrase
122.
21 nucleotides will provide how many codons?
a)
3 amino acids
b)
5 amino acids
c)
7 amino acids
d)
9 amino acids
123.

How many amino acids will FIFTEEN codons code for?

a)

three

b)

five

c)

fifteen

d)

thrity

124.

Molecule that makes up proteins (monomer of proteins)

a)

Ribosome

b)

rRNA

c)

Ribose

d)

Amino acid

125.
Transcription produces RNA by copying the:
a)
Coding Strand
b)
Template Strand
126.
Translation is a process in eurkaryotic cells takes place in the:
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Nucleus
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Golgi Bodies
127.
Translation begins with a(n):
a)
Start Codon
b)
Intron
c)
Promoter
d)
Origin
128.
The codon 5'-UAC-3' would have an anti-codon match:
a)
3'-AUG-5'
b)
3'-TAC-5'
c)
5'-AUG-3'
d)
5'-CAU-3'
129.
When the Ribosome reaches ________________ the process of translation stops
a)
Stop Codon
b)
Okazaki Fragment
c)
Terminator
d)
taq Polymerase

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