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Biology Semester Review Questions 2019

Total questions: 133

Worksheet time: 5hrs 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the key role (function) of carbohydrates?

a)

energy storage

b)

immunity, muscles, structure for tissues, cell metabolism

c)

instant energy for cells and body functions

d)

genetic information (heredity)

2.

Lipids key role (function ) is:

a)

immunity, chemical reactions in the body, cell metabolism, contract muscles, regulate other proteins

b)

store energy

c)

instant energy for cells/body

d)

heredity/genetic information

3.

Carbohydrates are more digestible than lipids.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

How how carbohydrates and lipids similar?

a)

both contain C, H, O, N, P and store energy

b)

both contain C, H, O, N and give energy

c)

both contain C, H, O, N, S and store energy

d)

both contain C, H, O and give energy

5.

All the saccharides are considered:

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

6.

What is the key role (function) of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or a polysaccharide?

a)

instant energy for the cells/body

b)

store energy

c)

transport hemoglobin, immunity, chemical reactions, regulate other proteins, provide structure for tissues, cell metabolism, contract muscles

d)

genetic information/heredity

7.

Identify the key role of nucleic acids:

a)

instant energy

b)

hormone, buoyancy, forms cell membranes, insulation, energy storage

c)

transport hemoglobin, immunity,chemical reactions, regulate proteins, tissue structure

d)

store and transmit heredity, genetic information

8.

The cell membrane is mostly made of what 2 biomolecules?

a)

Lipids and Nucleic acids

b)

Protein and Nucleic acids

c)

Carbohydrates and lipids

d)

Lipids and Proteins

9.

The cell membrane assist the cell in maintaining homeostasis by..

a)

Coding for our traits

b)

providing long term energy

c)

Allowing molecules to move into and out of the cell as needed

d)

speeding up chemical reactions

10.

Proteins in the cell membrane serve what major function ?

a)

They provide the framework of the cell

b)

They serve as attachment site

c)

They help with transport of materials in and out of the cell

d)

They allow cells to communicate with other cells

11.

What biomolecule is number one pointing to?

a)

Lipid

b)

Protein

c)

Nucleic Acid

d)

Carbohydrate

12.

What type of transport uses a transport protein?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Facilitated diffusion

13.

What is the largest organelle in the plant cell? It is surrounded by a membrane and functions to hold materials and wastes. It also functions to maintain cell structure and support.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Central Vacuole

14.

Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it converts energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Vacuoles

15.

What is the name of the small, round organelles that contain chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell and aid in removal of wastes from the cell?

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Vacuoles

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Golgi Bodies

16.

Which organelle is a network of passageways that carry materials from one part of the cell to another?

a)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Golgi Bodies

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Ribosomes

17.

Which organelles are the storage organelles of the cells, generally they store and package food?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

RIbosomes

c)

Vacuoles

d)

Mitochondria

18.

Which organelle receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the E.R., package them, and transport them to other parts of the cell?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Vacuoles

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Ribosomes

19.

What are the three things that all cell types have in common?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Genetic Material

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Cell Membrane

e)

Cytoplasm

20.

The 3 parts of the Cell Theory are...?

a)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things

All cells are produced from other cells

b)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells are the basic units of dance and vibes in living things

All cells are destroyed from other aliens

c)

All living things are composed of Jell-O

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things

All cells are produced from factories in Canada

d)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells do karate and practice eating whole pies in their free time

All cells are produced from other cells

21.

What distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell? (How do you tell them apart) Hint: There's 3 ways (Check all 3)

a)

Central Vacuole

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Ribosomes

e)

Chloroplasts

22.

These foods contain A LOT of which Bio-molecule that our body LOVES to use for Energy?

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Baconidis

d)

Carbohydrates

23.

Our bodies use this Bio-molecule as it's building material. Often found in meats, eggs, and dairy products.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Baconidis

24.

Cellular Respiration occurs within me and I am in BOTH plant and animal cells. I am a....

a)

Nucleus

b)

Golgi Body

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Mitochondria

25.

I like to be thought of as the "storage bubble" for both plant and animal cells. I am a...

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cytoskeleton

c)

Vacuole

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

26.

Photosynthesis takes place within me. I am a...

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Chlorine

d)

Chloroplast

27.

I am often referred to as the "packaging system" within a cell. I "package" proteins and ship them to the Golgi Body. I am a...

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Baconidis

d)

Golgi Body

28.
What process occurs when WATER diffuses across a membrane?
a)
endocytosis
b)
mitosis
c)
osmosis
d)
nuclear fission 
29.
Which diagram best shows the end result of diffusion?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
30.

Plant Cells can perform which reactions? Check ALL that apply.

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Rock and Roll

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Surprised reactions

31.

Animal and Plant Cells are...

a)

Shopkoytes

b)

Eukaryotes

c)

Prokaryotes

d)

The building blocks of non-living things

32.

I am the "waste removal expert" within a cell, removing unwanted material. Like a garbage man, I am a...

a)

Waste Management

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Lysosomes

33.
What process occurs when WATER diffuses across a membrane?
a)
endocytosis
b)
mitosis
c)
osmosis
d)
nuclear fission 
34.
What does “high concentration area” mean?
a)
Spread out
b)
Tightly packed together
c)
Uncrowded
d)
Spacious
35.
When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.
a)
diffusion
b)
mitosis
c)
endocytosis
d)
photosynthesis
36.
The picture  is an example of _________________.
a)
isotonic
b)
diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
active transport
37.
Which way will the water molecules move during osmosis?
a)
Out of the cell, so the cell shrinks.
b)
Out of the cell, so the cell swells.
c)
Into the cell, so the cell shrinks.
d)
Into the cell, so the cell swells.
38.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
39.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
40.

If a gummy bear is placed in salt water, the mass of the gummy bear will decrease because water will move out of the gummy bear. What process does this represent?

a)

osmosis

b)

fermentation

c)

respiration

d)

diffusion

41.

When the smell of perfume spreads throughout a room, it is an example of ....

a)

passive transport

b)

diffusion

c)

active transport

d)

osmosis

42.

The diffusion of particles through the cell membrane from high to low concentration is called ....

a)

exocytosis

b)

active transport

c)

passive transport

d)

osmosis

43.
What does selectively-permeable mean?
a)
The cell controls what passes in and out of the cell
b)
Nothing gets through
c)
The cell lets only large substances through
44.
What is it called when molecules move across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a carrier protein?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
45.
A chemical equation shows:
reactant + ________ -----> product + ___________.
a)
reactant  /  product
b)
product  /  reactant
c)
reactant  /  reactant
d)
product  /  product
46.
In which process is energy a product?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Cellular respiration
47.
Plants have chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis, but animals do not.  Which organisms have mitochondria to carry out cellular respiration?
a)
animals
b)
plants
c)
both
d)
neither
48.
Which Chemical Reaction?
Carbon dioxide, water and sunlight become oxygen and glucose
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Fermentation
c)
Cellular Respiration
49.
What are products in photosynthesis?
a)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
b)
carbon dioxide and water
c)
glucose and oxygen
d)
sunlight and oxygen
50.
What are the products of cellular respiration?
a)
Energy (ATP), Water, and Carbon DIoxide.
b)
Water and Oxygen
c)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
d)
Water and Energy (ATP)
51.
Which cell process is represented by this equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 →          6CO2  +  6H2O +  ATP
a)
diffusion
b)
photosynthesis
c)
cell respiration
d)
mitosis
52.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> O2 
c)
6O2 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 
53.
In respiration, how is chemical energy stored?
a)
ATP
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
d)
Carbon Dioxide
54.
The main purpose of Cellular Respiration is to
a)
make carbon dioxide
b)
make water
c)
make glucose
d)
make ATP
55.

Which is NOT a phase of the cell cycle?

a)

Interphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Duplication

56.

Select ALL stages of Interphase

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

57.

When you start with 1 cell, at the end of mitosis, how many identical cells will you have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

58.
What is a series of events a cell goes through as they grow and divide?
a)
Cell Division
b)
Cell Cycle
c)
Cytokinesis
d)
Mitosis
59.
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle called?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
M phase
c)
Interphase
d)
G1 Phase
60.

True or False. As a cell increases in volume, the demand for internal resources decreases.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

The following describes_________________________ during mitosis. The chromatin condenses and spindle fibers form at each side of the cell. The chromosomes begin to form and nuclear membrane disappears.

a)

prophase

b)

anaphase

c)

metaphase

d)

telophase

62.

The following describes_________________________ during mitosis. The chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell and the spindle fibers attach to each chromosome at the centromere.

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

63.

When you start with 1 cell, at the end of mitosis, how many identical cells will you have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

64.
Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 
a)
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
b)
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d)
prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
65.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
66.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Interphase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Telophase
67.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
68.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
69.
What is shown in the picture?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Cytokinesis
70.

Uncontrolled cell division which usually leads to tumors and disease is called:

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Cancer

d)

Diabetes

71.
What can the cell cycle also be called?
a)
Cell growth
b)
DNA Replication
c)
Preparation for Mitosis
d)
Cell Divison
72.

Chromosomes are made up of two identical sister _____________.

a)

chloroplasts

b)

nuclei

c)

chromatids

d)

genes

73.
Sister chromatids are joined together at the ___________.
a)
equator
b)
chromosome
c)
centromere
d)
ends
74.
The phase that starts mitosis is ___________.
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
75.
Chromatin refers to DNA that is...
a)
old and needs to be dissolved. 
b)
completely unwound and ready for replication. 
c)
tightly bound into chromosome-like structures. 
d)
relaxed like a bowl of spaghetti. 
76.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
77.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
78.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
79.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
80.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
81.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
82.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
83.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
84.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
85.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
86.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
87.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
88.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
89.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
90.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
91.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
92.
What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA?ATCGAG
a)
TACGAG
b)
ATCGAG
c)
TAGCTG
d)
TAGCTC
93.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
94.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
95.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

96.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

97.

Why must transcription occur where DNA can be found?

a)

because DNA can't leave

b)

because ribosomes are in the nucleus

c)

because DNA polymerase is found there

d)

because helicase unzips the DNA

98.

Which of the following is a codon?

a)
b)

ATG

c)

AUG

d)

AUT

99.

How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

100.

On which molecule can an anticodon be found?

a)

mRNA

b)

DNA

c)

tRNA

d)

rRNA

101.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

a)

AUGCAAUGA

b)

ATGCAATGA

c)

AUGGATUGA

d)

TACGTTACT

102.

A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with

a)

deoxyribose sugar and uracil

b)

ribose sugar and cytosine

c)

deoxyribose sugar and thymine

d)

ribose sugar and adenine

103.
Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following strand: 
GTAGTCA
a)
UATUAGA
b)
ACGACTG
c)
CAUCAGU
d)
CATCAGT
104.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
105.
Which of the following is created in the nucleus and carries the genetic code to the cytoplasm?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
rRNA
106.
Which of the following is true of DNA?
a)
It can sometimes leave the nucleus
b)
It never leaves the nucleus
c)
It is portable
d)
It is temporary
107.
WHY must we use RNA if we already have genetic code in DNA?
a)
RNA is portable and can be read by the ribosome
b)
RNA is more accurate than DNA
c)
The cell needs a backup code and uses RNA
d)
DNA and RNA can be used interchangeably 
108.
Why do we care so much about making proteins in our cells?
a)
Proteins compose almost EVERYTHING in our cells
b)
If a protein is made incorrectly it will not work
c)
Proteins determine our physical traits
d)
All of these are correct
109.
Which of the following is true about RNA?
a)
It is temporary
b)
It can leave the nucleus
c)
It is single stranded and less stable than DNA
d)
All of these
110.
Which of the following is the correct order of molecules?
a)
DNA -> RNA -> Proteins
b)
Proteins -> DNA -> RNA
c)
RNA -> DNA -> Proteins
d)
There is no specific order of these molecules
111.
True or False: If a cell has different DNA than another cell, those cells can still be identical
a)
FALSE
b)
TRUE
112.
TRUE or FALSE: Identical DNA shared between cells means those cells will also be identical
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
113.
I am a single strand.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
114.
I am arranged as a double helix or "twisted ladder".
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
115.
I include the bases Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Thymine.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
116.
I include the bases Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Uracil .
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
117.
I travel outside of the nucleus.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
118.
Guanine goes with __________
a)
adnine
b)
cytosine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
119.
I have the sugar ribose.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
120.
There 3 types of 
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
121.
The sugar in DNA is ____________________.
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
122.
In RNA, adenine goes with __________.
a)
adnine
b)
cytosine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
123.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for making proteins
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
124.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
125.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
126.
The repeating units in a DNA molecule are called:
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
monosaccharides
d)
fatty acids
127.
Which process is occuring in the image? 
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
DNA Replication 
128.

Is a nucleic acid

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

129.

There are 3 types of RNA. What are they? (Select all that apply)

a)

tRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

xRNA

130.
What is the product of transcription?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
proteins
131.
What is the template for mRNA?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
proteins
132.

Factory for making a protein

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

133.

This image shows a picture of a ribosome - what type of RNA is this?

a)

rRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

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