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Chapter 11: Beyond Planet Earth

Total questions: 191

Worksheet time: 6hrs 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The moon ____________ around the Earth.

a)

revolves

b)

rotates

c)

up

d)

down

2.

How long does it take for the moon to revolve around the Earth?

a)

365 days

b)

24 days

c)

27.3 days

d)

24 hours

3.

At any given time, how much of the moon's total surface is illuminated by the Sun?

a)

half

b)

a quarter

c)

an eighth

d)

full

4.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 1 ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
5.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 2 ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
6.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 3 ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
7.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 4 ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
8.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 5 ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
9.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 6 ?

a)

b)

c)

d)

10.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 7 ?

a)

b)

c)

d)

11.

What would we see from Earth when the moon is in position 8 ?

a)

b)

c)

d)

12.

Based on the above model of the Earth and moon, what phase of the moon will be observed when the moon is located between the Earth and Sun?

a)

New Moon

b)

Waxing Crescent

c)

Waning Gibbous

d)

Full Moon

13.

Find the phases that represent the positions (A,B,C,D) in the diagram.

a)
b)
c)
d)
14.

As the moon travels through the lunar month, what is the increasing of the visible portion called after the new moon?

a)

waxing

b)

waning

15.

As the moon travels through the lunar month, what is the decreasing visible portion called after the full moon?

a)

waxing

b)

waning

16.

Why does the moon shine?

a)

it has its own light

b)

it reflects Earth's light

c)

it reflects the Sun's light

17.
Which of these best shows that the Earth revolves around the sun as the moon revolves around the Earth?
a)
Picture A
b)
Picture B
c)
Picture C
d)
Picture D
18.
In thinking about a solar eclipse, what does the light source in the diagram represent?
a)
the Earth
b)
the Moon
c)
the Sun
19.
In thinking about a solar eclipse, what does the ball in the diagram represent?
a)
the Earth
b)
the Moon
c)
the Sun
20.
According to the diagram, what does the light shining on the ball create?
a)
Shadow
b)
Moon
c)
Earth
d)
Sun
21.
How many parts does the shadow have?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
four
22.
What is the central, darker part of a shadow called?
a)
the umbra
b)
the penumbra
23.
What is the lighter part of a shadow where light is partially blocked called?
a)
the umbra
b)
the penumbra
24.
What must occur for an solar eclipse to occur?
a)
Sun-Earth-Moon in line
b)
Sun-Moon-Earth in line
25.
During which part of the lunar cycle can a solar eclipse occur?
a)
New Moon
b)
First Quarter
c)
Full Moon
d)
Third Quarter
26.
In thinking about a lunar eclipse, what does the ball in the diagram represent?
a)
the Earth
b)
the Moon
c)
the Sun
27.
During which part of the lunar cycle can a solar eclipse occur?
a)
New Moon
b)
First Quarter
c)
Full Moon
d)
Third Quarter
28.
When does a lunar eclipse occur?
a)
At night
b)
When the moon's shadow is on the earth
c)
when the moon comes between the sun and earth
d)
During the day
29.

When does a solar eclipse occur

a)

Daytime

b)

Night time

c)

Morning

d)

Midnight

30.
We do NOT have a solar or lunar eclipse each month because...
a)
The tilt of the moon's orbit is at 5 degrees
b)
The moon is too small
c)
The moon's orbital distance changes
d)
All choices
31.

Which tide would be caused by the positions of the sun and moon in the picture?

a)

High Tide

b)

Low Tide

c)

Spring Tide

d)

Neap Tide

32.

Which tide would be caused by the positions of the sun and moon in the picture?

a)

High Tide

b)

Low Tide

c)

Spring Tide

d)

Neap Tide

33.

If a Spring Tide occurs during a New Moon or a Full Moon, when does a Neap Tide occur?

a)

Never

b)

Also during a New Moon and Full Moon

c)

During a Half Moon (Waxing and Waning)

d)

The tides are always at Neap Conditions

34.

If a Neap Tide occurs during a Half Moon (Waxing or Waning), when does a Spring Tide occur?

a)

Only in the Spring Season

b)

During a New Moon and Full Moon

c)

Also during a Half Moon (Waxing and Waning)

d)

The tides are always at Neap Conditions

35.

If the moon were to move CLOSER to Earth, which of the following would be true?

a)

High tides would get higher

b)

Low tides would get higher

c)

There would be no change to the tides

d)

High tide and Low tide would have litte difference in size.

36.

Which tide results in the LARGEST movement of water?

a)

Spring Tide

b)

Neap Tide

c)

Rip TIde

d)

Ebb Tide

37.

Which of the following has the GREATEST gravitational effect on the tides?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

38.

Which of the following has the LEAST gravitational effect on the tides?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

39.
Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)
a)
circle
b)
ellipse
c)
focus
d)
perihelion
40.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis
41.
Where is the planet moving faster
a)
Position A to B
b)
Position B to C
c)
Position H to I
d)
Position I to J
42.
Kepler's 2nd Law deals with 
a)
the shape of the planets' orbits
b)
the speed/area the planet travels 
c)
the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun
43.
A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.
a)
faster
b)
slower
44.
The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once. 
a)
longer
b)
shorter
45.
What has an eccentricity of zero
a)
a straight line
b)
a large ellipse
c)
a circle
d)
a small ellipse
46.

What will result in the most eccentric elliptical orbit

a)

when the focal points are closest together

b)

when the focal points are on top of one another

c)

then the focal points are farthest apart

47.

Which point is a FOCUS?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

48.

According to Kepler's Second Law, where in it's path does a planet move the fastest?

a)

At the perihelion

b)

At the aphelion

c)

At the top of the semi-minor axis

d)

The speed is constant.

49.

Kepler's First Law states

a)

objects attract other objects with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses

b)

the square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets revolving around the Sun is equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distance from the Sun

c)

An imaginary line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out an equal area of space in equal amounts of time.

d)

Planets move about the Sun in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one of the foci.

50.

Kepler's Third Law states

a)

objects attract other objects with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses

b)

the square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets revolving around the Sun is equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distance from the Sun

c)

An imaginary line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out an equal area of space in equal amounts of time.

d)

Planets move about the Sun in an elliptical orbit with the Sun at one of the foci.

51.

Which of the following most accurately describes the movement of the Earth around the Sun?

a)

The Earth moves at a constant speed around the Sun.

b)

The Earth moves faster when it is closest to the Sun.

c)

The Earth moves slowest when it is closest to the Sun.

d)

The Earth's speed varies dependent upon the phase of the moon.

52.
A perfect circle has an eccentricity of ______.
a)
0
b)
.99
c)
1
d)
2
53.
The flattest ellipse before it becomes a line will have an eccentricity of _______.
a)
0
b)
.99
c)
1
d)
2
54.
Which diagram shows a planet with the least eccentric orbit?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
55.
Calculate the eccentricity for the following orbit. 
a)
1.6
b)
0.8
c)
0.6
d)
1.2
56.
If an orbit has an eccentricity value of "0", what shape is it? 
a)
perfectly circular
b)
perfectly flat
c)
very oval/elliptical
d)
slightly oval/elliptical
57.
What is eccentricity? 
a)
a measurement of how elliptical an orbit is. 
b)
a measurement of the distance between the planet and the sun
c)
a measurement of how long the planet takes to rotate around the sun
d)
none of these
58.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis
59.
When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is 
a)
the axis
b)
the perihelion
c)
the center
d)
the Sun
60.
The place where a planet is farthest away from the Sun in its orbit around the Sun is called the
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
61.
The place where a planet is closest to the Sun as it orbits the Sun is called the
a)
perihelion
b)
aphelion
62.

What are the four inner planets?

a)

Earth, Uranus, Mercury, Venus

b)

Mercury Venus Earth Saturn

c)

Mars, Earth , Mercury, Venus

63.

What are the outer planets?

a)

Jupiter, Saturn, Earth, Neptune

b)

Uranus, Saturn, Neptune, Jupiter

c)

Saturn, Neptune, Mars, Uranus

64.

The outer planets are considered the Gas Planets

a)

True

b)

False

65.

The Inner Planets are rocky and have craters on the surface

a)

True

b)

False

66.

Pluto is considered a (a)   planet

67.

The sun is a ___________.

a)

Star

b)

Comet

c)

Planet

68.

This planet has the longest period of revolution.

a)

Mercury

b)

Mars

c)

Saturn

d)

Neptune

69.

This planet has the longest period of rotation.

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

70.

This planet has a higher period of rotation than period of revolution.

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

71.

Rotation means...

a)

to orbit.

b)

to spin.

72.

Revolution means...

a)

to orbit.

b)

to spin.

73.

This planet is approximately half the size of Earth.

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Mars

d)

Jupiter

74.

This planet is 227.9 million kilometers from the Sun.

a)

Mercury

b)

Earth

c)

Mars

d)

Pluto

e)

Pluto's not a planet!

75.

This planet could float in water.

a)

Earth

b)

Jupiter

c)

Saturn

d)

You would need a huge bathtub.

76.

This is the largest planet by size and mass.

a)

Earth

b)

Mars

c)

Jupiter

d)

Saturn

77.

This planet has the most circular orbit.

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

78.

What is Neptune's period of revolution?

a)

84 y

b)

88 d

c)

687 d

d)

164.8 y

79.

Which planet has a period of rotation similar to Earth?

a)

Mars

b)

Venus

c)

Saturn

d)

Jupiter

80.

Which planet has the smallest diameter?

a)

Mars

b)

Earth's moon

c)

Mercury

d)

Jupiter

81.

Which planet is closest in size to Earth?

a)

Mercury

b)

Uranus

c)

Mars

d)

Venus

82.

Which celestial object has the same period of revolution as its period of rotation?

a)

Sun

b)

Earth

c)

Saturn

d)

Earth's Moon

83.

This planet has the longest period of revolution.

a)

Mercury

b)

Mars

c)

Saturn

d)

Neptune

84.

What is Jupiter's distance from the Sun?

a)

1,426.7 million km

b)

778.4 million km

c)

11.9 y

d)

227.9 million km

85.

A characteristic of a Jovian planet is

a)

high density

b)

large equatorial diameter

c)

rocky

d)

small equatorial diameter

86.

Saturn is how many millions of km away from the sun?

a)

1426.7 million km

b)

2871.0 million km

c)

778.4 million km

d)

227.9 million km

87.

What is the period of revolution of Mercury?

a)

88 days

b)

59 days

c)

57.9 days

d)

224.7 days

88.

Match the following terms with their definitions

a)

Galaxy

1.

A large grouping of stars, planets, gas, and dust in space held together by gravity.

b)

Star

2.

A self-luminous celestial body consisting of a mass of gas held together by its own gravity.

c)

Universe

3.

All space and the matter space contains.

89.

Define the Doppler Effect

a)

As sound gets closer to you, it gets louder, the wavelengths get shorter and more frequent.

b)

As sound gets closer to you, it gets quieter, the wavelengths get longer and less frequent.

c)

As sound gets closer to you, it gets louder, the wavelengths get longer and more frequent.

d)

As sound gets closer to you, it gets quieter, the wavelengths get shorter and less frequent.

90.

When galaxies are moving away from each other that means they have a ​ (a)   . When galaxies are moving towards each other, that means they have a ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
redshift
blueshift
91.

When glaxies have a redshift, they are moving ​ (a)   from eachother. As they move away from each other, they are moving ​ (b)   , and creating ​ (c)   space between galaxies.

Choose from the below words
away
faster
more
92.

Leftover radiation after the Big Bang is known as (a)   .

93.

True or False: The universe is expanding in two directions from many different points.

a)

True

b)

False

94.

Define light spectra:

a)

Wavelengths of just red and blue.

b)

Wavelengths of red, orange, yellow and green.

c)

Wavelengths of only some light waves.

d)

The entirety of all wavelengths of light waves

95.

What is one piece of evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory?

4 lines
96.

What is the another piece of evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory?

4 lines
97.

What is a third piece of evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory?

4 lines
98.

What is the best description of the big bang?

a)

A massive explosion that created everything in the universe

b)

Two planets collided, creating the Sun and other planets

c)

A rapid expansion of a densely packed, small area that expanded into the universe that we know today

d)

An explanation of how the universe is expanding and how big it is

99.
This image describes:
a)
The redshift.
b)
The CMB.
c)
The abundance of each element in the universe.
d)
The amount of time the universe has existed.
100.
The universe is expanding.  This means that:
a)
Galaxies are getting bigger.
b)
Atoms are getting bigger.
c)
The universe is creating more matter.
d)
The amount of space between galaxies is increasing.
101.

What are two important pieces of evidence we have for the Big Bang?

a)

Ptolemy’s work on epicycles and Hubble’s law (the expansion of the Universe)

b)

Hubble’s law (the expansion of the Universe) and cosmic background radiation

c)

The fact that we have multiple Universes to compare and study and cosmic background radiation (CBR)

d)

The abundance of hydrogen, helium, and lithium found in the Universe and Ptolemy’s work on epicycles

102.

The CMB (Cosmic Background Radiation) is:

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly cool.

c)

a cloud of light

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

103.

A galaxy showing BLUE SHIFT is ___.

a)

very cold

b)

moving TOWARDS OR TO us

c)

dying

d)

about to supernova

104.

Most distant galaxies show a RED SHIFT. This is considered EVIDENCE that the universe is ___.

a)

getting cooler

b)

expanding

c)

condensing into a small point

d)

swirling around

105.

Galaxies that are REDSHIFTED are:

a)

actually BLUE

b)

really NEAR earth

c)

invisible or not visible

d)

moving AWAY from us.

106.
Which of the following is evidence of the Big Bang Theory?
a)
Cavemen heard a loud bang at the beginning of time.
b)
The universe isn't moving
c)
The universe is expanding
d)
The universe is getting smaller
107.

Observations of space indicate that most matter in the universe is ___.

a)

hydrogen, helium, and dark matter

b)

gold and plutonium

c)

oxygen and water vapor

d)

carbon

108.

Which description is considered most accurate regarding what actually happened during the Big Bang?

a)

Two galaxies collided causing an immense explosion as stars crashed into one another

b)

All of what would become the universe was concentrated in a single small point, or singularity, which rapidly expanded into what is now stars, planets, galaxies, matter, and energy.

c)

All matter emerged from a massive black hole at the center of the universe.

d)

Parts of the sun were ripped off by massive internal explosions and were thrown into space where they cooled to become other things, like plants, comets, and other galaxies.

109.

All space and the matter space contains

a)

Universe

b)

Galaxy

c)

Super Nova

110.

All stars are composed of a mixture of elements. When these elements are heated they emit specific amounts of electromagnetic radiation, known as an emission spectrum. Each element emits a unique, identifiable, spectrum.


Using the Bright-line emission spectrum chart below, identify the elements present in this modeled star (found in the line labeled “mixture”).

a)

Lithium and cadmium are in the mixture. Strontium is not in the mixture.

b)

Lithium and strontium are in the mixture. Cadmium is not in the mixture

c)

Cadmium and strontium are in the mixture. Lithium is not in the mixture

d)

All of the shown elements are present in the mixture.

111.

The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Mercury

c)

Neon

d)

Sodium

112.

The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Mercury

c)

Neon

d)

Sodium

113.
What gases are in the unknown mixture?
a)
Gas B & Gas D
b)
Gas C & Gas B
c)
Gas A & Gas D
d)
Gas D & Gas C
114.

Which element(s) is/are found in the star's spectra below?

a)

Hydrogen only

b)

Hydrogen & Helium

c)

Calcium only

d)

Hydrogen & Calcium

115.
Which elements are in the unknown sample?
a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
A and D
d)
B and D
116.

The unknown emissions spectra belongs to the element

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Mercury

c)

Neon

d)

Helium

117.

Nebula

a)

Star left at the core of a planetary nebula

b)

a large cloud of gas or dust in space

c)

the earliest stage of a star's life

d)

red super giant explodes

118.

Protostar

a)

Star left at the core of a planetary nebula

b)

a large cloud of gas or dust in space

c)

the earliest stage of a star's life

d)

red super giant explodes

119.

Supernova

a)

Star left at the core of a planetary nebula

b)

a large cloud of gas or dust in space

c)

the earliest stage of a star's life

d)

red super giant explodes

120.

Neutron Star

a)

The remains of a high mass star

b)

Exerts such a strong gravitational pull that no light escapes

c)

What a medium-mass star becomes at the end of its life

d)

The star left at the core of a planetary nebula

121.

Black Dwarf

a)

The remains of a high mass star

b)

Exerts such a strong gravitational pull that no light escapes

c)

What a medium-mass star becomes at the end of its life

d)

The star left at the core of a planetary nebula

122.

What is the force that acts on a nebula to cause the formation of a protostar?

a)

Inertia

b)

Nuclear Fusion

c)

Gravity

123.

At which point in its development does a star exit the protostar stage and become a main sequence star?

a)

When the nuclear fusion process begins

b)

When collisions in particles result in an increase of temperature

c)

When gravity squeezes it making it more dense

d)

When it gets bigger and gravity gets stronger causing it to collide more often

124.

Our Sun is considered slightly below average in mass. As it is a small to medium mass star, what would be the name of the phase that our Sun would enter after it exits the Main Sequence?

a)

Red Super Giant

b)

Yellow Super Giant

c)

White Giant

d)

Red Giant

125.

Red Giants become unstable over time and expel their outer layers leaving a hot dense core called a _____ _____ that _____ undergo nuclear fusion

a)

Black Hole; does not

b)

White Dwarf; does not

c)

White Dwarf; does

d)

Black Hole; does

126.

There are 2 points in the life cycle of a star that stars can take different paths. In each of these cases, it is the _______ of the star that determines the path it will take.

a)

Color

b)

Mass

c)

Temperature

d)

Brightness

127.

A star is born when:

a)

nuclear fusion starts

b)

a nebula becomes a protostar

c)

gases in a nebula condense

d)

hydrogen is used up in fusion processes

128.

Main sequence stars are made primarily of which elements?

a)

Hydrogen only

b)

Helium and Carbon

c)

Carbon and Iron

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

129.

A star that has begun nuclear fusion will last for:

a)

millions of years

b)

a few thousand years

c)

as long as the universe survives

d)

forever

130.

The formation of large atomic nuclei from smaller atomic nuclei in the core of stars by nuclear fusion is called :

a)

nuclear fusion

b)

nucleosynthesis

c)

gravitational collapse

131.
What is not produced when light elements undergo nuclear fusion?
a)
Heavier elements
b)
Energy 
c)
Lighter elements
d)
Light
132.

2 hydrogen will fuse together to form...

a)

a large hydrogen

b)

carbon

c)

iron

d)

helium

133.

Put these in order of SIZE from SMALLEST to BIGGEST

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

e)

Iron

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
134.
Which of the following is an example of nuclear fusion? 
a)
A plutonium atom is used to start a chain reaction that detonates a nuclear weapon 
b)
A uranium atom is split apart into lighter elements
c)
 Two hydrogen atoms are combined to form a helium atom
d)
Two hydrogen atoms bond with an oxygen atom to form a water molecule 
135.

Define nuclear fusion.

a)

Combining lighter atoms to make heavier ones

b)

Splitting lighter atoms to make heavier ones

c)

Combining heavier atoms to make lighter ones

d)

Splitting heavier atoms to make lighter ones

136.

What element signals the end of the core of a star?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon

c)

Iron

d)

Oh-no-ium.

137.

What takes the longest to fuse inside a star?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Silicon

d)

Iron

138.

What is the shortest element to fuse inside a star?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Iron

d)

Silicon

139.
The key ratio found in the universe that confirms the Big Bang is _______.
a)
25% hydrogen and 75% helium
b)
75% hydrogen and 75% helium
c)
75% hydrogen and 25% lithium
d)
75% hydrogen and 25% helium
140.

What is the first stage in the life cycle of a sun-like star?

a)

Protostar

b)

Red Giant

c)

White Dwarf

d)

Supernova

141.

In the life cycle of massive stars, what stage follows the Red Supergiant?

a)

Main Sequence

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Supernova

d)

Neutron Star

142.

Which stage in the life cycle of a sun-like star lasts for billions of years?

a)

Main Sequence

b)

Red Giant

c)

White Dwarf

d)

Supernova

143.

What is the final stage in the life cycle of a massive star?

a)

Black Hole

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Neutron Star

d)

Red Giant

144.

Which of the following is a stage in the life cycle of a sun-like star?

a)

Neutron Star

b)

Red Giant

c)

Black Hole

d)

Supernova

145.

A big cloud of dust and gas where all

stars begin their life cycle is called a

a)

solar system

b)

universe

c)

galaxy

d)

nebula

146.

Which is the stage where a massive star

explodes and releases a lot of energy?

a)

Red supergiant

b)

Supernova

c)

Black hole

d)

Main sequence

147.

In about 5 billion years, our sun will

grow 100 times its size into its

next stage called a

a)

Supernova

b)

Neutron star

c)

Red giant

d)

White dwarf

148.

What leads directly to the formation

of black holes?

a)

Neutron Star

b)

Planetary nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Blue giant

149.

What leads directly to the formation

of black holes?

a)

Neutron Star

b)

Planetary nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Blue giant

150.

The biggest most massive stars in the

universe are known as

a)

Blue giants

b)

Red giants

c)

White giants

d)

Red supergiants

151.

Why do massive stars have shorter

life-spans than average stars?

a)

They have less steps in their life-cycle

b)

They have less fuel to burn

c)

They burn through their fuel faster

d)

They are cooler

152.

When a supernova collapses, it can

squeeze electrons and protons together

into which type of star?

a)

White dwarf

b)

Neutron star

c)

Black dwarf

d)

Protostar

153.

What is a star?

a)

A cloud of particles held together

by its own gravity

b)

A ball of gas

c)

A large sphere of gas

that makes its own light

d)

A nuclear explosion caused

by hydrogen on another planet

154.
The core of a Red Giant collapses and becomes a ___________________.
a)
White Dwarf
b)
Blue Supergiant
c)
Red Supergiant
d)
Black Hole
155.
When a Red Giant's outer atmosphere drifts away it is now known as a ____________.
a)
planetary cloud
b)
White Dwarf cloud
c)
planetary nebula
d)
expanding nebula
156.
Why won't our sun ever become a black hole?
a)
It is too massive
b)
It is too old
c)
It is too young
d)
It is too small
157.

Looking at the provided image and your Earth Science Reference Tables, which star is most likely to become a supernova?

a)

Sun

b)

Deneb

c)

Pollux

d)

Barnard's Star

158.

What process produces large amounts of energy in a star by combining lighter elements into heavier elements?

a)

Convection

b)

Radiation

c)

Radioactive Decay

d)

Nuclear Fusion

159.

A star in a galaxy has a surface temperature of 8,000 K and a luminosity of 10. Identify the stage and color of this star.

a)

Super Giant and White

b)

Main Sequence and Red

c)

White Dwarf and White

d)

Main Sequence and White

160.

Which star(s) are in the Late Stage of development?

a)

40 Eridani B

b)

Polaris

c)

Rigel

d)

Procyon B

161.

The attached image is a graph based on a star's changing luminosity and temperature from formation to it's late stage. Based upon this image and your reference tables, what is the possible surface temperature of this star at point 2?

a)

20,000 K

b)

7,000 K

c)

30,000 K

d)

2,000 K

162.

The attached image is the life cycle of different types of stars. Based upon this image and your reference tables, which star might have once been similar to our sun in mass and luminosity?

a)

Deneb

b)

Spica

c)

Procyon B

d)

Proxima Centauri

163.

Which star has a hotter surface temperature and brighter luminosity than Sirius and will most likely end with a supernova event?

a)

40 Eridani B

b)

Betelgeuse

c)

Rigel

d)

Pollux

164.
The category that contains the most stars is...
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Supergiants
c)
Giants
165.
Which category is our Sun located in?
a)
White Dwarfs
b)
Supergiants
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Giants
166.
Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...
a)
Extremely Large and Cold
b)
Small with a medium temperature
c)
Medium size with medium temperature
167.

Compared to our Sun, the star Betelgeuse is

a)

smaller, hotter, and less luminous

b)

smaller, cooler, and more luminous

c)

larger, hotter, and less luminous

d)

larger, cooler, and more luminous

168.

Which star color indicates the hottest star surface temperature?

a)

Blue

b)

White

c)

Yellow

d)

Red

169.

According to the attached diagram, what determines if a star becomes a Supergiant or a Giant?

a)

How massive it is.

b)

If it is on the main sequence or not.

c)

The shape of the nebula.

170.

Using your reference tables, answer the attached question.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

171.

Which star is hotter, but less luminous than Polaris?

a)

Deneb

b)

Alderbaran

c)

Sirius

d)

Pollux

172.
Which comes first in the following sequence of stars?
a)
Main Sequence Star
b)
Red Giant
c)
White Dwarf
d)
Black Dwarf
173.
How do stars generate energy?
a)
Fusion of hydrogen and helium atoms
b)
Fission of hydrogen and helium atoms
c)
Burning hydrogen
d)
Burning helium
174.
The Hertzprung Russell Diagram consists of two axis that are labelled...
a)
Luminosity and Size
b)
Luminosity and Temperature
c)
Luminosity and Age
175.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
176.
Which of these stars is hottest?
a)
Red Star
b)
Yellow Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
177.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
178.
What else does the H-R Diagram tell us besides the luminosity and temperature?
a)
Color and size
b)
Location and distance from Earth
c)
Constellation structures
179.
Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...
a)
Extremely Large and Cold
b)
Small with a medium temperature
c)
Medium size with medium temperature
180.
As a whole, Giants are considered hotter than White Dwarfs.
a)
True
b)
False
181.

Which of the following are the brightest?

a)

red supergiants

b)

yellow main sequence

c)

red dwarfs

d)

white dwarfs

182.
Proxima Centauri has a luminosity of less than 1.  What does that mean?
a)
It is brighter than the Sun.
b)
It is hotter than the Sun.
c)
It is dimmer than the Sun.
d)
It is cooler than the Sun.
183.

Which of the following stars is the hottest?

a)

Bellatrix

b)

Deneb

c)

Polaris

d)

Barnard's Star

184.

Which of the following stars is the brightest?

a)

Bellatrix

b)

Deneb

c)

Polaris

d)

Barnard's Star

185.

Where are the coolest stars on an HR Diagram found?

a)

top

b)

bottom

c)

left

d)

right

186.

What galaxy do we live in?

a)

Snickers

b)

3 Muskateers

c)

Mars

d)

Milky Way

187.

Which of the following is the largest structure in the universe?

a)

Stars

b)

Galaxies

c)

Solar Systems

d)

Universe

188.

Fill in the blank: Red stars are the _______ and blue stars are the _______.

a)

A) hottest, coldest

b)

B) coldest, hottest

c)

C) medium, hottest

d)

D) coldest, medium

189.

Which element has an emission line at approximately 656 nm?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

190.

Fill in the blank: The element with emission lines at approximately 470 nm and 500 nm is ______.

a)

A) Helium

b)

B) Nitrogen

c)

C) Oxygen

d)

D) Silicon

191.

The order of the Universe in which we live from biggest to smallest objects is:

a)

Universe, planets, galaxies, stars, and moons

b)

Universe, stars, galaxies, solar systems, and planets

c)

Universe, planets, stars, moons, galaxies

d)

Universe, galaxies, solar systems, stars, planets, moons

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