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Environmental Final Exam Practice

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A prediction or guess based on observations.
a)
data
b)
scientific process
c)
hypothesis
d)
question
2.

The information you collect while doing your experiment is called

a)

conclusions

b)

data

c)

hypotheses

d)

procedures

3.
The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.
a)
change on purpose
b)
control or keep constant
c)
measure
4.

The variable that is being measured or observed is called the _______________. Hint: this is the variable that is the result or effect

a)

independent variable

b)

dependent variable

c)

control variable

5.

What is a constant/control in an experiment?

a)

Things that do not change in a experiment. It's the variable that stays the same. You can have many variables stay the same.

b)

It's the variables that the scientist changes in the experiment

c)

It's the variables that are being measured in an experiment

6.
What is being changed in this experiment?
a)
ramp height
b)
the speed that the ball rolls
c)
type of ball
7.

How many independent variables should you have in an experiment?

a)

two

b)

as many as possible

c)

four

d)

one

8.
What is the Responding (Dependent) Variable in this graph?
a)
Plant Growth
b)
Growth (cm)
c)
Hours
d)
15
9.

What is the dependent variable of the graph?

a)
Grade
b)
Number of Students
10.

A student wants to test the effects of different types of exercise on heart rate.  What would be the dependent variable of the experiment?

a)

the measurement of heart rate

b)
type of exercise
c)
amount of exercise
d)
time of day exercise occurs
11.
What would the INDEPENDENT variable be in an experiment testing which  paper airplane design goes furthest?
a)
the paper used
b)
the paper airplane design
c)
the distance of each plane's flight
d)
how hard the plane is thrown
12.
Josie was performing an experiment where she grew the same kind of tomatoes in the same soil and amount of water.  She sat one in the sun and one in a closet for 14 days.  What is the independent variable in Josie's experiment?
a)
tomatoes
b)
soil
c)
sunlight
d)
water
13.

Susan said, “If I fertilize my geranium plants, then they will have more flowers.”

a)

recognize a problem

b)

test the hypothesis with an experiment

c)

form a hypothesis

d)

draw conclusions

14.

__________ is an energy resource that WILL NOT run out in the next several hundred years.

a)

Renewable Energy Resource

b)

Non-Renewable Energy Resource

15.

__________ is an energy resource that WILL run out in the next several hundred years.

a)

Renewable Energy Resource

b)

Non-renewable Energy Resource

16.

Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

a)

Water

b)

Sun

c)

Coal

d)

Win

17.

What are the 3 fossil fuels?

a)

coal, oil, uranium

b)

coal, hydroelectric, oil

c)

natural gas, oil, coal

18.
Fossil fuels include coal, oil and natural gas. Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they —
a)
Take many, many years to be replaced
b)
require expensive equipment
c)
Can be found all over Earth's surface
d)
Provide much of the energy we use
19.

A disadvantage of nuclear energy is that it creates...

a)

fossil fuels

b)

hydroelectric

c)

radioactive waste

d)

biomass

20.

Energy from the sun is collected by a technology called photovoltaic cells.

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

21.

Plants, wood, garbage can be burned to generate energy.

Some plants can also be turned into fuel like biodiesel which is made from corn.

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

22.

Damming (blocking) water and releasing it at certain times creating electricity.

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

23.

Wind spins the blades of a windmill which powers a turbine that generates energy.

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

24.

Every source of energy has pros and cons even renewable ones.

Which renewable energy source would be harmful to fish and aquatic habitats?

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

25.

Every source of energy has pros and cons even renewable ones.

Which renewable energy source would be harmful to birds and bats?

a)

Geothermal Energy

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Wind Energy

d)

Hydroelectric Energy

e)

Biomass Energy

26.

The decay of tiny marine organisms that accumulated on the ocean floor millions of years ago create

a)

uranium

b)

coal

c)

oil and natural gas

27.

Which of the following is an advantage of using fossil fuels for energy?

a)

versatility in their use

b)

air pollution

c)

limited quantities

28.
Which one is NOT an example of a decomposer?
a)
mushroom
b)
leaves
c)
mold
d)
worm
29.
What is a producer?
a)
an organism that gets energy from eating other organisms
b)
an organisms that uses sunlight to make its own food
c)
an organism that gets energy from eating dead organisms, non-living material or waste
d)
an organism that uses chemical energy to make its own food
30.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
31.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
32.
If these organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism would have the least amount of total energy available?
a)
coyote
b)
insect
c)
lizard
d)
shrub
33.
The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:
a)
Primary Consumers
b)
Producers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
34.
A food pyramid represent the relative amount of energy in trophic levels. Which of the following correctly shows a food pyramid?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
35.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
36.
Level 1 is called the _____________ trophic level. 
a)
Tertiary consumer
b)
Tertiary producer
c)
Primary consumer
d)
Primary producer
37.

What amount of percentage does the energy decrease as it goes up the pyramid?

a)

100%

b)

1000%

c)

10%

d)

1%

38.
Which is the smallest level of an ecosystem?
a)
organsism
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
39.

How does the energy flow in an energy pyramids?

a)

up the pyramid

b)

down the pyramid

40.
Biodiversity is 
a)
the variety of species within an ecosystem
b)
a large number of the same species in an ecosystem
c)
an abundant amount of the same primary consumers 
d)
the ability to have an abundant source from the same species
41.

Photosynthesis is important because...

a)

it makes carbon dioxide

b)

it makes food for the food webs

c)

it makes water

d)

it's not important

42.

Which graph depicts exponential growth in a population?

a)
b)
c)
d)
43.

Which example describes or illustrates how a density-dependent limiting factor can affect a forest ecosystem?

a)

A forest fire forces many animals to move to new habitats

b)

A heat wave causes the death of many animals in the forest

c)

An earthquake causes the death of many animals in the forest

d)

A disease causes death of many animals in the forest

44.
One of the main causes of biodiversity loss is?
a)
Habitat fragmentation
b)
Invasive species
c)
Climate change
d)
All of the Above
45.

Over time, scientists are predicting the Baltic Sea to become less salty. As a result, there will be less biodiversity. Which best explains why the biodiversity of the Baltic Sea would decrease?

a)

Fewer types of plants and animals are found in warm water than in cool water.

b)

Plants and animals adapted for living in saltwater will grow more slowly in water that has less salt.

c)

Plants and animals adapted for living in saltier conditions will not be able to survive and reproduce.

d)

Animals adapted for living in warm water will eat all the plants and animals adapted for living in cool water.

46.
One of the main causes of biodiversity loss is?
a)
Habitat fragmentation
b)
Invasive species
c)
Climate change
d)
All of the Above
47.

Which example describes or illustrates how a density-dependent limiting factor can affect a forest ecosystem?

a)

A forest fire forces many animals to move to new habitats

b)

A heat wave causes the death of many animals in the forest

c)

An earthquake causes the death of many animals in the forest

d)

A disease causes death of many animals in the forest

48.

Over time, scientists are predicting the Baltic Sea to become less salty. As a result, there will be less biodiversity. Which best explains why the biodiversity of the Baltic Sea would decrease?

a)

Fewer types of plants and animals are found in warm water than in cool water.

b)

Plants and animals adapted for living in saltwater will grow more slowly in water that has less salt.

c)

Plants and animals adapted for living in saltier conditions will not be able to survive and reproduce.

d)

Animals adapted for living in warm water will eat all the plants and animals adapted for living in cool water.

49.

Water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are often........

a)

abiotic limiting factors

b)

biotic limiting factors

c)

non-limiting factors

d)

exponetial factors

50.
What growth pattern describes a population whose growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth?
a)
logistic growth
b)
population growth
c)
exponential growth
d)
predator-prey cycle
51.

If the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal.....

a)

Stays the same

b)

Increases

c)

Decreases

d)

Fluctuates

52.
In this Food Web Pyramid Which type of consumer gets only 10% of the energy stored in plants?
a)
Herbivore
b)
Carnivore
c)
Omnivore
d)
Secondary Consumer
53.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
54.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whales. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
55.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
56.
 The stork uses it saw-like bill to cut up the dead animals it eats. As a result, the dead animal carcass is accessible to some bees for food and egg laying. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the stork.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
57.

Which of the following shows the symbiotic relationship between the Rodent and the Bird?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

58.

In ​ (a)   , one species harms another species to benefit themselves. For example, a flea bites a dog to get ​ (b)   . This leaves the ​ (c)   with itchy bite marks.

Choose from the below words
parasitism
food
dog
commensalism
flea
59.

Macaws (a large, tropical bird) have strong beaks that can bit through thick shells. They are messy eaters, often opening nuts and droping them on the ground, leaving them behind. Other animals eat the dropped food. What type of relationship is this?

a)

commensalism

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

competition

60.

Match the following types of relationships to their descriptions:

a)
1.

Competition

b)
2.

Parasitism

c)
3.

Commensalism

d)
4.

Mutualism

61.

Earth's core, mantle, mountains, sand, metals are examples

a)

the hydrosphere

b)

the geosphere/lithosphere

c)

the atomosphere

d)

the biosphere

62.

This prefix comes from the greek work for "life"

a)

hydro

b)

geo

c)

atmo

d)

bio

63.

This prefix comes from the Greek word for "ground"

a)

bio

b)

atmo

c)

hydro

d)

geo

64.

When the volcano erupts adding CO2 to the air the interaction is between the ________________ and _____________.

a)

biosphere and geosphere

b)

hydrosphere and biosphere

c)

geosphere and atmosphere

d)

atmosphere and hydrosphere

65.

What spheres of the Earth is Spongebob a part of?

a)

Biosphere and atmosphere

b)

Geosphere and hydrosphere

c)

Hydrosphere and biosphere

d)

Atmosphere and geosphere

66.

When the volcano erupts adding carbon dioxide to the air the interaction is between the:

a)

Biosphere and geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere and biosphere

c)

Geosphere and atmosphere

d)

Atmosphere and hydrosphere

67.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
68.
Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
population crash
c)
lag phase
d)
mutualism
69.

is the movement of individuals into an area

a)

moving

b)

immigration

c)

emigration

70.

Is this country Developed or Developing?

a)

Developed

b)

Developing

71.

Predict the future population growth of this country.

a)

Negative Growth (the population will shrink)

b)

Slow/No Growth (the population will stay about the same)

c)

Growth (the population will definitely grow)

d)

Fast Growth (the population will explode)

72.

According to this diagram, animals get proteins from eating ______________

a)

decomposers

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

sunlight

73.

A correct path that nitrogen could take would be _____

a)

air -> animals->plants->bacteria

b)

animals->air->bacteria->plants

c)

air -> bacteria ->plants -> animals

d)

bacteria ->air -> animals->plants

74.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
75.
What does not produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
76.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
77.
Carbon can be found in...?
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Inside of the Earth
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above!
78.

This is NOT a part of the phosphorus cycle.

a)

Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks

b)

Phosphate bound to soil

c)

Atmospheric phosphate

d)

Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants

79.
Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?
a)
Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
b)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
c)
Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
d)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.
80.
What does it mean when an animal is extinct?
a)
Something once lived but no longer exists.
b)
Animals that is at risk of extinction.
c)
Place that protects animals at risk.
81.

¨The type of species that offers the best opportunity to apply the prevention principle is the

a)

indicator species.

b)

endangered species.

c)

keystone species

d)

alien species.

82.

Responsible for the determination of endangered species status and monitoring the level of endangerment.

a)

US. Fish and Wild Life Services

b)

Park Rangers

c)

DEA

d)

Coast Guard

83.

What is a habitat?

a)

Where animals live

b)

Where animals go and play

c)

Where vertebrates live

d)

Where invertebrates live

84.

When mangrove trees are removed, it results in a rapid build-up of acid sulfides in the soil and increases shoreline erosion. What is a LIKELY impact of the removal of mangroves from their habitat?

a)

The number of aquatic species would gradually increase.

b)

Inshore breeding areas would be affected, and aquatic species would decline

c)

The sedimentation rate would increase, and new hatcheries would form

d)

The food web in the region would stabilize rapidly.

85.

Migration

a)

survival of the fittest

b)

a behavior that must be taught

c)

movement to a different geographical or climatic region where food is more available

d)

the process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next generation

86.

The majority of species extinctions are caused by _____.

a)

human practices such as hunting, overfishing, and deforestation

b)

sickness

c)

giant meteors hitting the planet

d)

an imbalance in the ecosystem

87.

What does the prefix macro- mean?

a)

large

b)

small

c)

medium

d)

none of these

88.

How many macromolecules are there?

a)

There are too many to count

b)

3

c)

4

d)

10

89.

What macromolecule is shown and comprises the main structure of the cell membrane?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

90.

The image shows a particular macromolecule. Some humans do not have the ability to digest this molecule due to genetics. The enzyme lactase breaks down this molecule. What macromolecule is an enzyme?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

91.
A scientific ____________ is a statement that describes what always happens under certain conditions in nature.
a)
law
b)
theory
c)
method
d)
variable
92.
A set of principles that explains and predicts a phenomena is called a _____. 
a)
scientific law
b)
scientific method
c)
scientific theory
d)
scientific instructor
93.

A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago.

a)

Pangea

b)

Gondwanaland

c)

Rodinia

d)

Pannotia

94.

The theory that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have moved there over millions of years

a)

Continental Drift Theory

b)

Plate Tectonics

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Lystrasaurus

95.

a tectonic plate boundary where two plates collide, come together, or crash into each other

a)

transform

b)

divergent

c)

convergent

d)

strike-slip

96.

boundary between tectonic plates in which the two plates move away from each other, and new crust is created between them

a)

transform

b)

divergent

c)

convergent

d)

strike-slip

97.

Boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other

a)

transform

b)

divergent

c)

convergent

d)

strike-slip

98.

An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it

a)

mountain chain

b)

rift

c)

subduction zone

d)

hot spot

99.

The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle

a)

buoyancy

b)

continental drift

c)

plate tectonics

d)

Alfred Wegener

100.

The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20-50 km thick

a)

mantle

b)

continental crust

c)

oceanic crust

d)

asthenosphere

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