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WorksheetsQuản Trị chương 123
Total questions: 129
Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins
In management, 'decision making' is understood as:
Assigning tasks to employees
Supervising the implementation of plans
Choosing the best course of action from possible options
Internal communication and negotiation with partners
Why is decision making considered the center of management?
Because it relates to finance
Because all management functions require decisions to execute
Because it is the main communication tool
Because it can replace all other processes
Which of the following factors does NOT belong to the characteristics of decision making in management?
It is selective
It has clear objectives
It is completely subjective
It relates to the organization's outcomes
What is the role of a manager in the decision-making process?
To convey information
To execute techniques
To analyze and choose the optimal option
To record minutes
The decisions of a manager affect:
Only subordinate employees
The external environment
All activities within the organization
The technical department
Effective decision making needs to be based on:
Personal feelings
Subjective judgment
Information analysis and option evaluation
Random guessing with strategy
In management, if there is no decision making, the organization will:
Be more flexible
Lack direction and not operate effectively
Develop spontaneously over time
Operate better due to fewer constraints
Which statement is correct?
Decision making is a private matter for senior leaders
Every level in the organization must make decisions within their scope
Decision making does not need to follow a process
Decisions do not affect work productivity
What is the first step in the decision-making process?
Evaluate options
Identify and define the problem
Implement the decision
Determine who is responsible
What is the goal of gathering information in the decision-making process?
Predict fashion trends
Enhance promotion
Understand the context and basis for decision-making
Communicate more effectively
The purpose of developing and identifying options is to:
Increase workload
Make the decision-making process more difficult
Create more choices for comparison and evaluation
Satisfy everyone
In the process of evaluating and selecting options, the most important criterion is:
The option that looks best aesthetically
The option that has the most support from subordinates
The option that best meets the goals and is most feasible
The option with the lowest cost
Implementing the decision is the step:
Not necessary if an option has been chosen
Carried out after analyzing data and selecting an option
Only undertaken by senior management
Can be skipped if the organization is stable
Monitoring and evaluating the results of the decision aims to:
See who made a mistake
Punish employees
Determine the effectiveness of the decision and learn from it
Put pressure on the implementation department
A decision is considered reasonable when:
It is made quickly
It is based on data, has clear and feasible goals
It is approved by senior leadership
No one opposes it
What can happen if the monitoring and evaluation step is not performed after making a decision?
The organization will operate more efficiently
No impact
Cannot detect errors and cannot improve the process
Improve faster because of time savings
The rational decision-making model assumes that:
Decision-makers always act based on intuition
Organizations make decisions under conditions of insufficient information
Decision-makers have complete information and optimize choices
Make decisions in an ambiguous environment
A key feature of the rational model is:
Based on personal biases and emotions
Choosing the best option based on thorough analysis
Accepting practical limitations
No need to define clear goals
The administrative decision-making model is also known as:
Random model
Complete optimization model
Bounded rationality model
Spiritual model
In the administrative model, decision-makers often:
Choose the best option
Analyze all market data
Satisfy with a good enough option rather than optimal
Act on inspiration
In what situations does the political model often appear?
When there is complete information and clear goals
When the organization has high consensus
When there are conflicts over goals and power among parties
When there is only one decision-maker
What is a prominent feature of the political model?
Decisions based on a single piece of data
Stakeholders negotiate and struggle to protect their own interests
What is a prominent feature of the political model?
Decisions based on a single piece of data
Stakeholders negotiate and struggle to protect their own interests
No influence from human factors
No conflicts exist
Which decision-making model is ideal but difficult to achieve in practice?
Administrative model
Political model
Rational model
Natural model
Choose the correct statement about the three decision-making models:
Only the rational model is applied in practice
Both the administrative and political models acknowledge human limitations
The political model does not apply to businesses
All models exclude emotional factors
Decision-making under conditions of certainty is when:
There is no clear information
Information is complete and can accurately predict outcomes
There is conflict between parties
It is impossible to estimate probabilities
Decision-making under conditions of risk is:
There is no information about the likelihood of occurrence
Probabilities of different outcomes can be estimated
There is only one unique option
All decisions lead to the same outcome
Decision-making under conditions of uncertainty is when:
All information is available
It is impossible to estimate probabilities and consequences with certainty
All options are approved
An algorithm is available to calculate outcomes
One of the common mistakes in decision-making is:
Consulting many opinions
Collective decision-making
Over-relying on past experiences while ignoring current data
Conducting SWOT analysis
The 'anchoring' cognitive error occurs when:
The error of 'anchoring' occurs when:
The decision maker completely ignores data analysis
Relies too much on initial information and ignores new information
Continuously changes options
Has no preparation when making decisions
The overconfidence bias leads to:
Making cautious decisions
Hesitating to make decisions
Misjudging abilities and information, leading to inaccurate choices
Not daring to act
A manifestation of the 'confirmation bias' is:
Ignoring opposing opinions and only seeking information that supports existing views
Trying to analyze every aspect
Referencing opposing data
Choosing an unpopular option
One way to limit mistakes in decision making is:
Relying entirely on intuition
Eliminating all differing opinions
Carefully analyzing information, considering risks, and consulting multiple perspectives
Deciding as quickly as possible
The organizational environment is:
The physical devices in the company
The external and internal factors affecting the organization's activities
The corridors and offices
The employees and directors
The organizational environment includes:
Only the factors that the organization can control
The internal and external factors affecting the organization
The technical processes
Everything that happens in the human resources department
What characteristic does the organizational environment have?
Always stable and easy to predict
Frequently changing and hard to control
Only influenced by the financial market
Does not affect strategic goals
What is the external environment of an organization?
Factors within the organization
Factors outside the organization that affect its activities
Internal regulations
Personnel, culture, organizational structure
Which of the following factors belongs to the macro environment?
Customers
Competitors
Legal policies and technology trends
Suppliers
What factors are included in the micro environment?
Law, nature, technology
Customers, suppliers, competitors
Organizational culture, structure, personnel
Climate and ecological changes
Understanding the organizational environment helps managers:
Increase the human resources budget
Develop detailed financial plans
Make appropriate and timely decisions
Reduce employee training time
The organizational environment does NOT include which of the following factors?
Corporate culture
State policies
Personal mood of leaders
Production technology
Correct perception of the organizational environment helps:
The organization operates more flexibly and adapts better
Reduce advertising costs
Completely eliminate risks
Focus on emotional strategies
The concept of the organizational environment is commonly used in the field of:
Physical education
Management
Criminal law
Software engineering
Choose the correct statement:
The organizational environment only affects lower-level employees
The organizational environment does not change over time
The organizational environment affects all management activities
The organizational environment only includes economic factors
What factors are included in the micro environment?
Laws, nature, technology
Customers, suppliers, competitors
Organizational culture, structure, personnel
Climate and ecological changes
In the macro environment, the 'natural' factor includes:
Culture and social values
Geography, weather, natural disasters
Stock prices
Tax policies
A major change in VAT tax policy falls under which factor?
Macroeconomic
Organizational culture
Internal competition
Consumer behavior
Taste and consumption trends belong to which factor?
Internal environment
Micro environment - customers
Organizational culture
Political system
Competitors are part of:
Macro environment
Internal environment
Micro environment
Organizational structure
An organization can influence the external environment through:
Changing personnel
Changing internal technology
Pricing policies, communication, and business strategy
Renovating the office
The internal environment of an organization includes:
Social and political factors
Customers, competitors, suppliers
Personnel, structure, culture, internal finance
Factors beyond the organization's control
Personnel in the internal environment affect the organization through:
Mass communication
Skills, abilities, and work motivation
Tax policies
Industry competition
The organizational structure determines:
How the business prices its products
Target market size
How work, power, and responsibilities are assigned
Production speed of goods
Organizational culture is:
Customer behavior
Habits and values
What is organizational culture?
Customer behavior
Shared habits and values within the organization
Impact from the union
State foreign policy
An organization with a strong culture usually:
Has frequent internal conflicts
Has high consensus and more committed employees
Does not need management
Lacks flexibility when changing
Internal financial resources affect:
National economy
Macroeconomic policies
Investment and development capabilities of the organization
Customer psychology
What are internal facilities and technology?
An external micro factor
An internal environmental factor
Unrelated to organizational capacity
Part of the natural environment
What is the main characteristic of the internal environment?
The organization can control and change it
It cannot be controlled
Unrelated to organizational strategy
Only affects production, not management
What is planning in management?
Reorganizing the business structure
Determining a future action program based on set goals
Establishing performance indicators
Resolving unexpected crises
What activities does planning as a management function include?
Establishing financial plans and reports
Conducting SWOT analysis and...
Setting operational goals
Allocating resources effectively
What activities are included in the management function of planning?
Establish financial plans and reports
SWOT and market analysis
Define goals, establish strategies, and coordinate activities
Schedule training and recruitment
One of the characteristics of planning is:
Only applicable to top management
The final function in the management process
A bridge between the present and the future
Not related to other management functions
Planning helps answer the following questions, except:
Who does it?
What to do?
How to do it?
How much profit?
Which of the following factors does NOT belong to the concept of planning?
Establishing strategies to achieve goals
Organizing task execution
Defining objectives
Developing coordinated activity plans
Why is planning considered the first function of management?
Because it is simple
Because it is independent of other functions
Because it precedes other functions like organizing, leading, and controlling
Because it is a requirement of the state
Which of the following statements is true about planning?
Only necessary at the departmental level
Not necessary if the business is stable
The first step in management and affects other functions
Should only be done when risks occur
Which statement best describes the role of planning?
An administrative action
A budget accounting document
A means to help the organization act uniformly and orient the future
A way to measure personnel effectiveness
One important role of planning is:
Replace the activities of inspection and control
Completely eliminate risks in management activities
Minimize uncertainty by forcing managers to predict and react
Create absolute flexibility in management
Planning helps organizations:
Identify the person responsible for finances
Direct and focus resources to achieve goals
Solve all personnel issues
Avoid all changes from the external environment
Planning establishes a basis for which of the following activities?
Internal communication
International cooperation
Inspection and control
Product improvement
Which of the following is NOT a role of planning?
Reduce waste and redundancy
Create standards for inspection
Cause disorder in the organization
Focus resources in the right place
Planning forces managers to do what?
Focus on operational processes
Look ahead and prepare for change
React spontaneously to market changes
Eliminate the intervention of technology
What does planning help avoid in organizations?
Creative activities
Aimless and wasteful actions
Clear division of tasks
Advanced training programs
What should be avoided in the organization?
Creative activities
Directionless and wasteful actions
Clear task division
Advanced training programs
What is one of the main roles of planning?
Establishing the organizational culture system
Enhancing marketing activities
Supporting managers in controlling the progress of goal implementation
Reducing personnel costs
Why does planning help minimize redundancy in the organization?
Because it eliminates unnecessary functions
Because it ensures all actions have clear goals and methods
Because it limits the role of managers
Because it is unrelated to resource management
What is the goal in management?
Long-term financial plans
Recruitment strategies
Desired results or targets to be achieved within a certain timeframe
Factors guiding production activities
How does the goal differ from the purpose?
Goals are not measurable, while purposes are
Purposes are specific, while goals are not
Goals have time limits and are measurable, while purposes are not
Purposes always come with a budget, while goals do not
Long-term goals are often associated with:
Short-term activities and budgets
Long-term strategies and organizational vision
What is a plan?
SWOT analysis document
An internal control system
A document guiding how to achieve goals
A type of financial report
Long-term goals are often associated with:
Short-term activities and budget
Long-term strategy and organizational vision
Temporary policies and personnel
Daily operational processes
Which of the following exemplifies a financial goal?
Expanding brand coverage in the market
Achieving customer satisfaction >90%
Growing revenue by 20% in the year
Building an innovative organizational culture
"Customer loyalty level" is an example of:
Non-financial goal
Short-term goal
Medium-term goal
Political goal
Short-term goals often have which characteristic?
Abstract and general
Not measurable
Have a completion time of about 12 months
Only for high-level management in the enterprise
What is a publicly announced goal?
The secret goal of leadership
The goal shared publicly with outsiders
The revenue goal
The daily operational goal
What is the actual implemented goal?
What the organization publicly announces
What the organization plans in documents
What the organization actually acts on and pursues
What is idealistic and not implemented
What is internal control?
Guidelines for achieving objectives
A type of financial report
Strategic plans often have characteristics of:
Narrow scope, short time
Wide scope, long time
Only used for production activities
Not related to objectives
Short-term plans are often accompanied by:
Vision and business philosophy
Long-term general objectives
Operational activities and daily implementation
Competitive strategy
What are the characteristics of specific plans?
Very general and flexible
Have specific objectives, time, budget, and activities
Cannot be implemented
Used to guide the entire industry
What is a directional plan?
Detailed guidelines
Flexible, not rigid documents
List of financial budgets
Long-term recruitment policies
What is an example of a one-time plan?
Periodic marketing plan
New factory construction plan
Monthly maintenance plan
Quarterly recruitment plan
What is a standing plan?
Short-term plan for a project
Plan applied repeatedly
Plan used only in crises
Plan related to legal factors
How does a single-use plan differ from a multiple-use plan?
Single-use for various situations
Multiple-use used only once
Single-use applies once, multiple-use repeats
Single-use only in crises, multiple-use for daily activities
What is formal planning?
Planning without sharing with anyone
Written and shared within the organization
Spontaneous, without documentation
Only performed by low-level staff
What are the characteristics of informal planning?
Performed according to strict processes
Involves the entire department
Not documented and less shared
Created using modern management software
In small businesses, what type of planning is commonly seen?
Formal
Informal
Political
Random
What components must a complete plan include?
Vision - mission - strategy - partners
Goals - programs - budget
SWOT analysis - pricing strategy - distribution channels
KPI - testing tools - organizational culture
What principle must a goal in a plan ensure?
PESTEL
5S
SMART
SWOT
Which factor is not included in SMART goals?
Specific
Massive
Achievable
Time-bound
Formal planning helps organizations:
Act flexibly and not follow direction
Communicate more effectively and ensure unity
Reduce coordination between departments
Focus on random activities
What role does planning play in responding to uncertainty?
In the traditional approach, goals are usually set by:
Subordinate staff
External partners
Upper management
User community
What is Management by Objectives (MBO)?
Goals set by the board of directors that do not change
Goals discussed and agreed upon between levels
Hidden goals that are not disclosed
Goals based on subjective orientation
What is a strength of Management by Objectives (MBO)?
No need to track results
Helps guide performance evaluation
No involvement from subordinates
Goals that are not measurable
The SMART principle requires goals to be:
Flexible and continuously changing
Set based on subjective feelings and leadership will
Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound
Written in the form of financial reports
"Measurable goals" in the SMART principle refers to which characteristic?
(a)
What is the process of strategic management?
Financial planning for the business
Recruiting senior personnel
Building, executing, and evaluating long-term strategy
Periodic quality control checks
What is the first step in strategic planning?
Analyzing the internal environment
Analyzing the external environment
Identifying the mission, goals, and current strategy
Evaluating implementation effectiveness
What tool is commonly used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats?
SMART
MBO
BCG
SWOT
What is the first step in the goal-setting process?
Budget allocation
Reviewing the organization's mission
Measuring effectiveness
Signing agreements with partners
Which criterion does NOT belong to SMART?
Reasonable
Timeless
Achievable
Specific
What is the last step in the MBO process?
Publicly announcing results
Evaluating effectiveness and rewarding/punishing
Assigning tasks to senior management
Training employees
What is a common tool used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats?
SMART
MBO
BCG
SWOT
In SWOT analysis, what does 'T' stand for?
Trust
Time
Threats (Thách thức)
Targets
According to Porter's strategic model, what is differentiation strategy?
Competing on the lowest price
Providing unique value to a broad market
Maintaining the current model
Focusing on narrow markets with low prices
In the BCG matrix, what is a 'star' business unit?
Low growth, low market share
Low growth, high market share
High growth, low market share
High growth, high market share
What is a functional strategy?
Strategy for each functional area like marketing, finance, etc.
Strategy at the corporate level
Industry-wide strategy
High-level human resource plan
When is it necessary to evaluate and adjust the strategy?
When the organization is stable and there are no changes
When the strategy is no longer effective or environmental conditions change
After each holiday
Whenever hiring new employees
What is a limitation of planning?
Cannot be used at the leadership level
Can create rigidity if not managed properly
What is a limitation of planning?
Cannot be used at the leadership level
Can create rigidity if not flexible
Reduces employee morale
Cannot be applied in non-profit organizations
In a volatile environment, how should effective planning be?
As detailed as possible, no need for changes
Flexible but still needs a specific direction
Completely delegated to subordinates
No need to plan
What is true about the statement 'Just planning is not enough'?
Because plans do not need to be executed
Because there needs to be organization, execution, and monitoring of the plan
Because plans are always inaccurate
Because plans always overlap
What role do technological solutions like big data, AI, cloud computing play in planning?
Complicate the process
Completely replace humans
Support more effective planning and more accurate forecasting
Not related
Planning should be viewed as:
A one-time process
A fixed document
A continuous process that can change
Something to do only in a crisis
The reason planning must be flexible is:
All plans have errors
The business environment changes continuously
Plans do not need to be followed
Employees do not like plans
In a dynamic environment, what is the main role of planning?
