WorksheetsExam 2 (Peds) Part 2
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 51mins
What is the definition of toddlers according to the study guide?
Children aged 1-3 years
Children aged 3-5 years
Children aged 6-12 months
Children aged 4-6 years
How much does weight gain slow to per year in toddlers?
4-6 pounds per year
1-2 pounds per year
8-10 pounds per year
10-12 pounds per year
By what age should birth weight be quadrupled in toddlers?
2.5 years old
1 year old
4 years old
3 years old
How much does height increase per year in toddlers?
About 3 inches per year
About 6 inches per year
About 1 inch per year
About 8 inches per year
Which of the following best describes growth in toddlers?
Linear
Steplike
Exponential
None of the above
What is the acceptable visual acuity for toddlers?
20/40
20/20
20/10
20/100
What major concern is highlighted for toddlers in terms of sensory changes?
Safety becomes a major concern
Language development slows down
Nutritional needs decrease
Social skills are fully developed
Which infections are common among toddlers?
URIs, otitis media, and tonsillitis
Hepatitis B, tuberculosis, and malaria
Herpes zoster, shingles, and gout
Cholera, typhoid, and dengue
At what age should voluntary control of elimination (sphincter control) develop in toddlers?
18-24 months
6-12 months
2-3 years
4-5 years
At what age should toddlers be able to throw a ball?
By age 18 months
By age 6 months
By age 3 years
By age 5 years
Between which ages does locomotion and improved coordination occur in toddlers?
Between ages 2 and 3
Between ages 4 and 5
Between ages 6 and 7
Between ages 8 and 9
At what ages does improved manual dexterity occur in toddlers?
Ages 12-15 months
Ages 6-9 months
Ages 18-21 months
Ages 24-27 months
According to Erikson, which developmental conflict is associated with toddlers?
Initiative vs guilt
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Trust vs mistrust
Industry vs inferiority
What is negativism in toddlers?
Saying yes to everything
Saying no to everything
Ignoring instructions
Repeating actions
Ritualization in toddlers provides a sense of _______.
comfort
confusion
fear
boredom
Which of the following is NOT a developmental task of toddlers?
A) Differentiation of self from others
B) Ability to withstand delayed gratification
C) Control bodily functions
D) Abstract thinking
At what age does Piaget's preconceptual phase begin?
Birth
1 year
2 years
4 years
Problem solving in toddlers is based on what they hear or see, not on recall of past events.
True
False
By what age do toddlers typically recognize sexual differences?
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
Skills for independence in toddlers may result in which of the following behaviors?
Calm and passive
Tyrannical and volatile
Withdrawn and shy
Overly compliant
Which of the following is NOT a skill developed by toddlers?
Feeding
Playing
Dressing/undressing self
Reading
What is the 'work' of childhood?
Play
Study
Sleep
Chores
Which of the following magnifies physical and psychosocial development?
Play
Sleep
Eating
Toileting
Name two types of play mentioned in the worksheet that help develop childhood skills.
Imitation, tactile play
Competitive, digital play
Solitary, passive play
Virtual, repetitive play
Which of the following is a sign of readiness for toilet training?
Voluntary sphincter control
Ability to count to ten
Ability to read
Ability to jump
A child is able to stay dry for how many hours as a sign of toilet training readiness?
2 hours
1 hour
4 hours
30 minutes
Willingness to please parents is a sign of readiness for toilet training.
True
False
Which of the following is NOT a sign of readiness for toilet training?
Curiosity about adults' toilet habits
Impatient with wet or soiled diapers
Ability to stay dry for 30 minutes at a time
Voluntary sphincter control
Toddlers don't resent an infant but do resent the changes in routine that a sibling brings.
True
False
List one way to reduce sibling rivalry response according to the worksheet.
Preparing the toddler when he or she becomes aware of pregnancy
Ignoring the toddler's feelings about the new baby
Encouraging competition between siblings
Punishing the toddler for jealousy
Providing a realistic idea of what a newborn will be like (NOT a new friend or playmate) helps reduce what?
Sibling rivalry response
Parental anxiety
Feeding difficulties
Sleep disturbances
Which of the following is a common behavior during temper tantrums?
Kicking
Screaming
Breath holding
All of the above
Temper tantrums usually last how many minutes or less?
5 minutes or less
10 minutes or less
15 minutes or less
20 minutes or less
Effective management of temper tantrums includes consistency and developmentally appropriate expectations.
True
False
What are two strategies to manage negativism in preschool children?
Offer two appropriate choices; Reduce opportunity for child to say no
Ignore the child's feelings; Increase restrictions
Punish the child for saying no; Remove all choices
Allow unlimited choices; Encourage saying no frequently
What is the age range defined as 'Preschool Age'?
3-6 years old
1-3 years old
6-12 years old
12-18 years old
How much weight and height do preschool children typically gain per year?
4-5 pounds per year, growth of 2-3 inches per year
1-2 pounds per year, growth of 5-6 inches per year
8-10 pounds per year, growth of 4-5 inches per year
6-7 pounds per year, growth of 1 inch per year
During preschool years, physical growth rate slows and stabilizes.
True
False
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of physical proportions in preschool children?
Slender but sturdy
Graceful, agile, posture erect
Males and females very different in size and proportion
All of the above
By age 3, which gross motor behaviors should a child be able to perform?
Walking, running, climbing, jumping
Writing letters, reading books, tying shoes
Solving math problems, reciting poems, drawing shapes
Riding a bicycle, swimming, playing chess
By age 4, which gross motor skills are typically mastered?
Skips and hops on one foot, catches a ball
Rides a bicycle without training wheels
Writes full sentences
Ties shoelaces
By age 5, which activities should a preschool child be able to do?
Skips on alternate feet, jumps rope, learns to skate and swim
Writes in cursive, solves algebra problems, drives a bicycle
Reads novels, types on a computer, cooks meals
Performs advanced gymnastics, plays chess, paints portraits
What is the major theme of personal/social behavior in preschoolers?
Self assertion
Obedience to authority
Complete independence
Advanced logical reasoning
At what ages do children become independent in dressing, eating, and toileting?
By ages 4-5
By ages 2-3
By ages 6-7
By ages 8-9
Preschoolers have a desire to ________.
please
argue
ignore
compete
Which of the following is NOT a part of preschool/kindergarten experience? (I decided to not touch or edit this AI generated slop question because it made me laugh)
Learning group cooperation
Peer group experiences
Readiness for academics
Driving a car
Preschoolers are CONCRETE THINKERS and may be easily confused or misinterpret sayings.
True
False
What is a characteristic of language development at ages 4-5?
Four and five word sentences
Babbling only
No verbal communication
Single word responses
Two-word phrases
By age 6, children can understand all parts of ________ and can identify opposites.
speech
music
math
stories
Which of the following is a part of the development of body image in preschoolers?
Increasing awareness of self and others
Poorly defined body boundaries
Poor understanding of internal anatomy
All of the above
Initiative vs guilt is a developmental stage in preschoolers.
True
False
Seeking professional help for parenting is recommended for which type of childhood problem?
Aggressive behavior
Toilet training
Sibling rivalry
Negativism
What does HALT stand for in the context of early childhood health problems?
Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired
Happy, Active, Laughing, Talking
Healthy, Alert, Learning, Thriving
Hopeful, Attentive, Loving, Trusting
Which of the following should be checked first in a child with speech issues?
Hearing
Nutrition
Sleep
Injury prevention
What is dyslalia?
Incorrect pronunciation
Hearing loss
Visual impairment
Memory loss
Which evaluation tool is used for speech issues in early childhood?
Denver Articulation Speech Program
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales
What is the approximate nutritional requirement for preschool children?
90 kcal/kg
120 kcal/kg
60 kcal/kg
150 kcal/kg
What is the recommended daily fluid requirement for preschool children?
100 ml/kg daily
50 ml/kg daily
200 ml/kg daily
30 ml/kg daily
What is the average sleep duration per night for preschool children?
12 hours
8 hours
6 hours
15 hours
Why are sleep rituals important for preschool children?
They help establish healthy sleep patterns.
They make children more energetic before bedtime.
They reduce the need for any bedtime routine.
They encourage children to stay up late.
Name two safety measures to prevent injuries in early childhood.
Bicycle helmets, gun safety-locks
Skipping seat belts, sharp toys
Leaving medicines accessible, open windows
No supervision, broken playground equipment
Fill in the blank: Cultural differences can affect sleep, such as ________.
co-sleeping
jet lag
snoring
sleepwalking
Fill in the blank: Cleaning products are considered ________ agents if ingested.
injurious
nutritious
harmless
beneficial
Fill in the blank: Hydrocarbons, such as ________, are considered injurious agents if ingested.
gasoline
water
sugar
salt
What is the first step in emergency treatment for poisoning? Fill in the blank: Always call the ________ before initiating any interventions.
Poison control center
Fire department
Local pharmacy
Ambulance service
Ipecac is recommended for in-home use during gastric decontamination.
True
False
Fill in the blank: ________ is commonly used for gastric decontamination in poisoning cases.
Activated charcoal
Sodium bicarbonate
Normal saline
Potassium permanganate
You should initiate a blind sweep for foreign objects during emergency treatment.
True
False
Fill in the blank: The most common heavy metal poisoning is caused by ________.
lead
mercury
arsenic
cadmium
Lead poisoning correlates with:
infection
anemia
leukocytosis
bilirubinemia
Lead poisoning is treated using _____ therapy, with the first-line drug being calcium disodium edetate.
chemo
chelation
antibiotic
steroidal
Lead poisoning can lead to a dysfunction of which electrolyte?
Calcium
Chloride
Bicarbonate
Potassium
What is the most common form of child maltreatment?
Physical abuse
Emotional abuse
Neglect
Sexual abuse
SATA: Select all of the visual red flags of child abuse.
bite marks
burns
bruising on abdomen
bruising on knees and forearms
bruising on the neck
SATA: Select all of the radiologic red flags of child abuse.
spiral fractures
complex skull fractures
subdural hematomas
digit fractures
retinal hemorrhages
Which is true about shaken baby syndrome?
There are often no visible signs of external injury
This disorder rarely causes internal bleeding
It is almost impossible to give a child shaken baby syndrome
Usually babies are shaken on accident
Who is most likely to abuse a child?
the mother
the father
the sister
the sister's boyfriend
Because of the immaturity of neonatal kidneys, the urine that newborns produce is _____.
concentrated
dilute
filled with ketones
filled with casts
SATA: Select the steps for calculating a child's fluid INTAKE requirements.
Convert child's weight into kilograms
Allow 100 ml/kg for first 10 kg
Allow 50 ml/kg for second 10 kg
Allow 20 ml/kg for remaining body weight
Multiply by 1 and 2 to confirm the range
Edema is common in pediatrics.
True
False
What should be at the bedside of a pediatric patient undergoing hypovolemic shock?
venturi mask
non-rebreather
oxymask
nasal cannula
The RN should be prepared to give the child with hypovolemic shock a bolus of ___ at a dosage of ___ ml/kg STAT.
LR, 10
NS, 50
LR, 100
NS, 20
D5W, 25
Patients in septic shock may present with a brisk capillary refill.
True
False
One indicator of septic shock are elevated levels of:
calcium
lactate
phosphate
hydrogen
The first line treatment for anaphylactic shock is:
albuterol
atrovent
epinephrine
norepinephrine
What should the RN and HCP consider in a patient with non-hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock who has still not improved after the third isotonic bolus?
Diuretics
Beta 2 Agonists
Colloids
Glucocorticoids
The Rule of Nines is used for burn assessments. What qualities of burns does this method assess?
severity
depth
body surface area
type
What is the Parkland formula used for?
Skin repair in burns
Antibiotic dosage in burns
Fluid replacement in burns
Body surface area affected in burns
The Parkland formula is: 4 x %BSA x weight in kg = volume of LR required.
True
False
How much of the volume of LR acquired from the Parkland formula be given during the first 8 hours of treatment?
1/2
1/3
1/4
3/4
How long after the first portion of the LR volume from the Parkland formula is administered should the second half be given?
For the next 8 hours
For the next 12 hours
For the next 24 hours
For the next 16 hours
Pediatric urosepsis REQUIRES IV antibiotics.
True
False
Acute Glomerulonephritis can cause generalized ______ due to decreased GFR.
dehydration
edema
hypovolemia
fever
The most common presentation of glomerular injury in children is:
nephrotic syndrome
hyperalbuminemia
hypolipidemia
pyelonephritis
What is the drug of choice to treat nephrotic syndrome?
amoxicillin
penicillin
prednisone
doxycycline
Nephrotic syndrome is closely associated with massive ____ loss from the urinary system.
potassium
calcium
protein
ketone
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is a ______ renal disease.
infectious
autoimmune
genetic
viral
SATA: What should be reduced or lowered in a pediatric patient with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?
protein
sodium
calcium
magnesium
carbohydrates
Children with fever, acidosis, and burns all have _____ fluid requirements.
increased
decreased
Children with renal failure, heart failure, and increased ICP have _____ fluid requirements.
increased
decreased
