The smallest particle of an element.

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The amount of space an object occupies.

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A measure of the amount of matter in an object.

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Is a powerful microscope which is enough to visualize individual atoms.

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A positively charged particle located at the centre of an atom.

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A subatomic particle with no charge (neutral) and located in the nucleus.

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A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus in energy levels.

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The dense centre part of an atom.

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Electrons orbit the nucleus extremely fast in a region called

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A substance made of the same composition and is composed of only one type of element or compound as sodium chloride (NaCl)

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A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances as Na, K, Au, B

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A pure substance that is made from two or more simple substances and can be split into simpler substances as water, rust, and sugar.

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Every sample of a given pure substance has the same properties due to its fixed, and uniform...

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What organizes 118 elements by their atomic number and properties?

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The number of protons in a nucleus is...

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The sum of protons and neutrons in the dense centre of an atom is...

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Elements arranged in in a periodic table as 18 vertical ... according to similar properties.

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Elements are arranged in the periodic table as 7 horizontal ... in ascending atomic weight.

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Elements having some similar properties of metals and non-metals.

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A ... consists of two or more atoms bonded together.

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Elements that are stable as individual atoms or single atoms.

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Pure elements that form molecules consisting of two atoms bonded together.

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A compound made of two different elements.

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A compound made of three different elements.

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Two or more substances physically combined together having non-identical particles.

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The parts of the mixture that are noticeably different from one another as fruit salad.

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Substances that are so evenly distributed and it is difficult to distinguish one from another as air.

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A homogeneous mixture which is formed when substances dissolve. They are uniformly or evenly mixed. They do not separate over time and may be transparent.

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Heterogeneous mixtures that separate into layers over time due to its large particles.

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Heterogenous mixture with particles intermediate in size between solutions and suspensions and can scatter light. They do not separate into layers and cannot be separated by filtering.

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A dissolved substance in a solution is ...

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A dissolving medium in a solution (substance that dissolves another substance)

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Gold, Krypton and Nitrogen are examples of ...

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Carbon dioxide, Hydrogen peroxide, and sugar are examples of ...

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Air, coffee, and salt water are examples of ... mixtures

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Salad, sand, and trail mix are examples of ... mixtures.

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Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material.

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The tendency of a liquid to resist flowing.

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Thick liquids like honey have ... viscosity than water.

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Greater viscosity means slower flow, and ... decreases it.

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Physical property and material's ability is to allow heat or electricity to flow.

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Metals are good ... as copper

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Materials with low conductivity are called ...

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A physical property and is the ability of a solid to be hammered into sheets without shattering.

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... solids, like ice or glass, shatter when struck.

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Ability to carry electricity is a physical property ...

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Ability to transfer thermal energy from one area to another is ...

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The ability of one material to scratch another is ...

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... is the hardest known material.

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The specific temperatures at which a material changes state is ... from solid to liquid

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A physical property where the ratio of a substance's mass is per volume is ...

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... can be used to test the purity of a substance.

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The specific temperatures at which a material changes state is ... from liquid to gas

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The larger the volume, the ... the density.

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The ability of a material to be drawn or pulled into a wire.

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Physical property which describes how a mineral's surface interacts with light, affecting its shininess (as metals) or dullness.

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The ability to allow light to pass through, enabling clear visibility of objects behind it.

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The ability or tendency to float in a fluid.

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Objects float if they are ... dense than the fluid

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Ability to dissolve in another substance.

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All metals are ... except mercury.

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Nonmetals are ... as they don't reflect light.

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Metals have ... melting points, while nonmetals have low melting points.

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Metalloids are ... of heat and electricity.

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Method used to separate mixtures based on particle size.

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Method used to separate substances in a solution based on the difference in their boiling points.

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A ... change occurs when some properties of a material change, but its chemical composition remains the same (no new substance is formed) as solid changes into gas.

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When a candle burns, the wax transforms, creating new substances like water vapor and carbon dioxide. This transformative ability is a ...

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A chemical ... describes a substance's ability to undergo a specific chemical change.

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The ability to burn and is a chemical property is ... example burning wood producing ash and smoke.

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Chemical property explains how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances as ... with oxygen or with acid

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The ability to burn and release heat and light energy

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The ability of metal to react with air is ... Stainless steel is a material which resists it.

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A chemical ... or chemical reaction occurs, one or more new substances are formed.

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A ... forms when two soluble substances react to produce an insoluble solid in solution, making the solution appear cloudy. It is evidence of chemical change as change in color and production of gas

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Any solid that forms and separates from a liquid is the formation of ...

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The composition of the matter remains the same. Only its form, state, or appearance changes.

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The composition of the matter changes, forming one or more new substances.

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Change in state of matter (melting, freezing, boiling), shape, size, and mixtures where no new substance is formed is a ... change

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Digestion, respiration, formation of gas and combustion where new substance is formed is a ... change

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a chemical property with the ability of a harmful effect to be caused when a substance reacts in a biological system is ...

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Process by which liquid changes into gas at a temperature below boiling point and happens only at the surface of the liquid, as separating salt from water from a saltwater solution.

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A physical change where liquid changes to gas throughout the entire liquid, as boiling water forms steam.

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Have a definite shape and volume. Their particles are tightly packed, low kinetic energy, vibrate only, very strong intermolecular force and cannot be compressed as no interspace.

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Have a definite volume but not a definite shape. Their particles take the shape of their container because they can flow, closely packed, high kinetic energy, slide past each other, strong intermolecular force, cannot be compressed as no interspace and irregular arrangement.

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Have no definite shape or a definite volume. They take both the shape and volume of the container, with particles freely move in constant, random motion, collide elastically, very high kinetic energy, no regular pattern, very weak intermolecular force (force of attraction), can be compressed due to the interspace. When compress a balloon, collision and pressure increases.

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A state of matter at extremely high temperatures, like in stars, and sun (not on Earth) where particles have enough energy forming an ionized gas is

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State of matter occurs at extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero (-273.15°C). Group of atoms behave as a single particle.

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When gas particles are cooled, they slow down and exert ... pressure



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Volume is directly proportional to temperature (in Kelvin) if pressure and particle count are constant. Heating a balloon expands it as molecules move faster and shrinks when it is cooled.

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Volume is inversely proportional to pressure if temperature and particle count are constant. Decreasing pressure on a gas increases its volume.

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Pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant. Heating a gas in a sealed container increases its pressure proportionally.

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Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. If you double the amount of gas in a balloon at constant temperature and pressure, the balloon's volume will also double. 

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The Combined Gas Law integrates Boyle's and Charles's laws, describing the relationship among temperature, volume, and pressure when the number of particles is constant.

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Combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws, along with Avogadro's principle.

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Solid to Liquid (Endothermic), particles move faster

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Liquid to Solid, (Exothermic), particles slow down

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Liquid to Gas (Endothermic)

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Gas to Liquid (Exothermic)

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Solid to Gas without being a liquid (Endothermic)

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Gas to Solid without being a liquid (Exothermic)

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gas to plasma (Endothermic)

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plasma to gas (Exothermic)

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A reaction which absorbs heat energy from its surroundings.

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A reaction which releases heat energy to its surroundings.

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Vaporization which occurs at the surface, some molecules have high energy and is a slow process.

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Vaporization which occurs throughout the liquid, needs external energy, and is a fast process.

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During phase change ... does not change till it completely changes to the other phase.

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... is a scientist who proposed that matter is made of indivisible particles (very tiny) called atomos (uncut)

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... is a scientist who thought that all substances are made of only four elements: earth, air, fire, and water.

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... is a scientist who developed the first modern atomic theory which was changed over time.

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... is a scientist who discovered the neutrons

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... is a scientist who proposed that electrons orbit in specific energy levels.

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... are imaginary places around the nucleus where electrons move within an atom. Closer an energy level to the nucleus, less energy its electrons have.

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... in an atom are negligible (very small) compared to the protons.

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positively charged subatomic particle in the atom's nucleus, each ... is assigned a charge 1+

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negatively charged subatomic particle orbits the atom's nucleus, each ... is assigned a charge 1-

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subatomic particles with no charge (neutral) in the atom's nucleus.

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... are distinguished by mass, charge, and location.

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Protons and ... are almost the same mass.

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1 proton is about 2000 times heavier than 1 ...

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what equals to the number of protons?

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sum of protons and neutrons in a nucleus is ... or mass number

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atoms of the same element, having different number of neutrons and different mass number (same atomic number, different atomic mass) eg. oxgygen-16 and oxygen-17 (hard to notice the difference in their physical or chemical properties)

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scientist who discovered electrons and proposed the plum pudding model.

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scientist who discovered the atomic nucleus using the golf foil experiment (alpha particles hit the dense positively charged nucleus of an atom, most particles passed through in empty space, and some were deflected at large angles)

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