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ECOLOGY UNIT test

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

a)

Chemistry

b)

Physics

c)

Oceanography

d)

Ecology

2.

Which of the following are LARGER than an organism in an ecosystem ? Choose ALL that apply

a)

Population

b)

Biological community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biome

e)

Biosphere

3.

Which of the following are examples of Biomes?

a)

desert

b)

rainforest

c)

taiga

d)

Disneyland

e)

Tundra

4.

Biotic factors are what kind of factors in an environment?

a)

living

b)

not living

c)

bacterial

5.

The particular place and roll that an organism plays in its environment is called its ________. No two organisms can have the exact same one.

a)

Niche

b)

Habitat

c)

House

d)

Casa

6.

What are the four general cycles we spoke about? Check 4

a)

Water

b)

Uranium

c)

Carbon and Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

e)

Phosphorus

7.

The carbon and oxygen cycle are ________ processes of each other, thanks to photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

a)

Similar

b)

exactly the same

c)

opposite

8.

Nitrogen gas cannot be used, it first needs to go through the process of nitrogen fixation. What organism helps "fix" nitrogen from the air, into the ground so it can be used by plants.

a)

bacteria

b)

viruses

c)

cows

d)

Post Malone

9.

The air around us is mostly:

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Phosphorus

10.

Organisms that specialize in eating dead/ decomposing/ rotting things are called: (Choose ALL that apply )

a)

Herbivores

b)

Carnivores

c)

Detrivores

d)

Decomposers

11.

Where do maggots come from?

a)

Fly larve

b)

The ground

c)

Bacteria

d)

A cereal box

12.

Name an example of an autotroph

a)

Harry Styles

b)

Selena Gomez

c)

Shakira

d)

Lemon Tree

13.

How much energy is transferred from one organisms to the next when being eaten?

Hint: Was called the _______ % rule

a)

100

b)

90

c)

50

d)

10

14.

These kind of factors are affected by population density. Examples would be: Disease and competition

a)

Density dependent factors

b)

density independent factors

15.

What are some ways that a population could increase ? Choose all that apply

a)

Birth

b)

Emigration

c)

Immigration

d)

Death

16.

Which two countries make up most of the worlds population?

a)

India

b)

United States

c)

China

d)

Mexico

17.

Cattle egrets stand on the cattle's back and wait for them to stir up some insects when they walk. The cattle is neither helped or harmed. This is an example of:

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Competition

d)

Commensalism

18.

A mosquito feeding on your blood is an example of

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitism

d)

Commensalism

19.

Climate is different than weather, it is the average: (check all that apply)

a)

Temperature

b)

Humidity

c)

Atmospheric pressure

d)

Wind

e)

Precipitation (rain and snow)

20.

An estuary has brackish water. What does this mean?

a)

Salt water

b)

Fresh water

c)

A mix of fresh and salt

d)

Frozen, it's ice

21.

A heard of 1000 buffalo is considered a high biodiversity

a)

True

b)

False

22.

What are some factors that threaten biodiversity ? choose all that apply

a)

Extinction of species

b)

overexploitation

c)

habitat loss

d)

pollution

e)

invasive species

23.

Harvesting species from the wild at rates faster than natural populations can recover is

a)

Overexploitation

b)

Biodiversity

c)

Invasive species

d)

Pollution

24.

What are renewable sources of energy ? Choose all that apply

a)

Wind

b)

Fossil Fuels

c)

Solar

d)

Nuclear

25.

Which of the following are LARGER than an organism in an ecosystem ? Choose ALL that apply

a)

Population

b)

Biological community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biome

e)

Biosphere

26.

Which of the following are examples of Biomes?

a)

desert

b)

rainforest

c)

taiga

d)

Disneyland

e)

Tundra

27.

Biotic factors are what kind of factors in an environment?

a)

living

b)

not living

c)

bacterial

28.

The particular place and roll that an organism plays in its environment is called its ________. No two organisms can have the exact same one.

a)

Niche

b)

Habitat

c)

House

d)

Casa

29.

The carbon and oxygen cycle are ________ processes of each other, thanks to photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

a)

Similar

b)

exactly the same

c)

opposite

30.

Nitrogen gas cannot be used, it first needs to go through the process of nitrogen fixation. What organism helps "fix" nitrogen from the air, into the ground so it can be used by plants.

a)

bacteria

b)

viruses

c)

cows

d)

Post Malone

31.

Organisms that specialize in eating dead/ decomposing/ rotting things are called: (Choose ALL that apply )

a)

Herbivores

b)

Carnivores

c)

Detrivores

d)

Decomposers

32.

Name an example of an autotroph

a)

Harry Styles

b)

Selena Gomez

c)

Shakira

d)

Lemon Tree

33.

How much energy is transferred from one organisms to the next when being eaten?

Hint: Was called the _______ % rule

a)

100

b)

90

c)

50

d)

10

34.

Cattle egrets stand on the cattle's back and wait for them to stir up some insects when they walk. The cattle is neither helped or harmed. This is an example of:

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Competition

d)

Commensalism

35.

A mosquito feeding on your blood is an example of

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitism

d)

Commensalism

36.

Harvesting species from the wild at rates faster than natural populations can recover is

a)

Overexploitation

b)

Biodiversity

c)

Invasive species

d)

Pollution

37.

What is the relationship between the snake and the mouse in this food web?

a)

The snake is a primary producer and the grasshopper is a tertiary consumer

b)

The snake is a predator and the mouse is its prey

c)

The mouse is a parasite and the snake is the host

d)

The snake is a tertiary consumer and the mouse is a primary consumer

38.

What is the relationship between the Polar Bear and the Orca in this food web?

a)

They are producers

b)

They are decomposers

c)

They are competitors

39.

Organisms that make their own food are called __________________.

a)

producers

b)

consumers

c)

decomposers

40.

Where does all the energy originate from in a food web?

a)

All energy comes from the Sun.

b)

All energy comes from the Moon.

c)

All energy comes from your Face.

d)

All energy comes from the Plants.

41.

Blue whales live in oceans. What type of factors do they rely on for their existence?

a)

Only biotic factors

b)

Only abiotic factors

c)

Both biotic and abiotic factors

d)

Neither biotic nor abiotic factors

42.

A certain type of mite is a parasite of honeybees. Which statement best describes the relationship between the mites and the bees?

a)

The mites harm the bees by feeding on their blood.

b)

The mites get honey in return for helping the bees stay healthy.

c)

The mites help the bees find food but get nothing in return.

d)

The mites live in the hive of the bees but do not interact with the bees.

43.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

44.

Why are decomposers important in maintaining stability in an ecosystem?

a)

Decomposers photosynthesize and make the energy for the ecosystem

b)

Decomposers recycle nutrients needed by producers (plants)

c)

Decomposers keep the herbivores in check in an ecosystem

45.

Why is it important to have diversity in an ecosystem?

a)

The more biodiversity in an ecosystem the more climate change can occur

b)

The more biodiversity in an ecosystem the more poaching can benefit humans

c)

The more biodiversity in an ecosystem the more people can live their

d)

The more biodiversity in an ecosystem the more stability there is in that ecosystem.

46.

What organisms are able to occupy more than one trophic level?

a)

herbivores

b)

carnivores

c)

omnivores

d)

producers

47.

What is primary succession?

a)

primary succession is the changes that occur in a brand new ecosystem.

b)

primary succession is the changes that occur in an ecosystem that has been disturbed either by humans or by a natural disaster.

48.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

49.

What is a pioneer species?

a)

The first plant species to inhabit new land

b)

The established plants and animals in an ecosystem

c)

The first humans to inhabit new land

d)

The first plants and animals that settled in the west

50.

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is not affected.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

51.

A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from the relationship.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

52.

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is harmed.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

53.

Consumers...

a)

Make their own food

b)

Go through photosynthesis

c)

Eat other organisms

d)

Breathe in carbon dioxide

54.

What is the producer in this food chain?


phytoplankton → krill → fish → shark

a)

Phytoplankton

b)

Krill

c)

Fish

d)

Shark

55.

Arrows in a food web show the flow of

a)

energy

b)

protein

c)

nutrients

d)

glucose

56.

What are the two REACTANTS in photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

b)

Water and sunlight

c)

Water and carbon dioxide

d)

Glucose and sunlight

57.

What are the PRODUCTS in photosynthesis?

a)

Sunlight and water

b)

Carbon dioxide and water

c)

Glucose and carbon dioxide

d)

Glucose and oxygen

58.
In the energy pyramid below, which organism has the least amount of energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Top Predator
59.
What does NOT produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
60.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
61.

DTR: Leech sucking blood

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

62.
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
a)
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
b)
Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
c)
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
d)
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees
63.
What is the correct order from oldest (happened first) to youngest (happened last) in this pond succession?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
D, C, B, A
c)
B, A, D, C
d)
C, D, A, B
64.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
65.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
66.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
67.

In this food web...which of these would be the LEAST impacted if mangoes went extinct?

a)

rat

b)

fruit fly

c)

thrush

d)

dragonfly

e)

frog

68.

In this food web interspecific competition occurs between

a)

dolphins and otters for pollock

b)

eel grass for bacteria and little schools of fish

c)

dolphins and seals for herring

d)

orca for dolphins and seals

69.

An organism that uses energy to make its own food from abiotic sources is know as....

a)

Heterotroph

b)

Detritovore

c)

Consumer

d)

Autotroph

70.

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle are unaware if they are there or not.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

competition

d)

parasitism

71.

What does symbiosis mean?

a)

Living separately, no relationship between 2 species

b)

Living together, close relationship between 2 species

c)

Living separately, long distance relationship between 2 species

d)

When one species kills and eats another

72.

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitsm

d)

Commensalism

73.

Honeyguide birds find a bee hive, then chatter loudly to attract the Honey badger. They fly toward the hive making sure the badger is following. Upon arrival at the bee hive, the badger tears open the hive and feasts on the honey. Then the Honeyguide bird feeds on the remaining wax and larvae.

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

74.

Gall Insects lays their eggs in the leaves or branches of Oak trees. Oak trees provide shelter and food to the insect larvae.

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

75.

Hookworms can enter the body of animals or even humans. The hookworm attaches to the lining of the intestinal wall and feeds on blood. Its eggs are ejected into the digestive tract and the larvae (young hookworms) that hatch live off of the host’s blood. The host can suffer from blood loss, anemia and iron deficiency.

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

76.
The study of interactions in an ecosystem.
a)
ecology
b)
philosophy
c)
scientology
d)
biology
77.
A group of the same type of organisms living in the same place at the same time.
a)
threatened species
b)
populations
c)
community
d)
limiting factor
78.

All of the populations that live in one area together

a)

limiting factors

b)

populations

c)

community

d)

speed limit

79.
In an ecosystem, producers and consumers are both __________.
a)
biotic factors
b)
very nice
c)
cranky
d)
abiotic factors
80.

What is a resource?

a)

Food

b)

Shelter

c)

Mates

d)

Territory/Space

e)

All of the above

81.

True or False: When there are more resources the population will decrease.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

The lion hunting and eating an antelope is an example of:

a)

symbiosis

b)

cooperation

c)

predation

83.
Plants are an example of: 
a)
Producers
b)
Decomposers
c)
Heterotrophs
d)
Consumers
84.
The food chain always moves in one direction and begins with: 
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Heterotrophs
c)
Primary Consumer
d)
Secondary Consumer
85.
When organisms have to get their energy from another source, they are called: 
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Heterotrophs
c)
Producers
d)
Sun
86.
The main ENERGY source for all things on Earth:
a)
Water
b)
Chemicals 
c)
Oxygen
d)
Sun
87.

A mouse would be an example of:

a)

an omnivore

b)

a decomposer

c)

a herbivore

d)

an autotroph

88.
A network of feeding interactions among organisms in a community:
a)
Food chain
b)
Food Web
c)
Ecosystem
d)
Population
89.
Which animal is considered to be a herbivore? 
a)
Cow
b)
Owl
c)
Lion
d)
Frog
90.
Humans are mainly considered to be which one of these consumers?
a)
Carnivore
b)
Herbivore
c)
Omnivore
d)
Detrivore
91.
Which animals are carnivores? 
a)
Deer & fox
b)
Lion & Shark
c)
Rabbit & Frog
d)
Bear & Cow
92.

Only 10% of energy is passed from one level to the next---what happens to the other 90%?

a)

Stored as fat

b)

Given off as heat

c)

Makes carbohydrates

d)

Eliminated as wastes

93.
Carbon can be found in...?
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Inside of the Earth
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above!
94.
Carbon dioxide is produced by the burning of fossil fuels
a)
True
b)
False
95.

How do plants affect the air that animals and people breathe?

a)

Plants use oxygen from the air to make their own food

b)

Plants release pollution into the air

c)

Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen

d)

Plants take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

96.
How does the carbon in grass become part of a lion?
a)
The lion eats the grass
b)
Carbon from grass doesn't end up in a lion. 
c)
The carbon ends up in the lion's food chain. 
d)
The lion breathes in carbon given out by the plant
97.
When water is heated in the ocean by the sun and turns into water vapor
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
runoff
98.
The process by which plants release water through the pores in their leaves is called...
a)
accumulation
b)
dormancy 
c)
photosynthesis 
d)
transpiration
99.
The transformation of water vapor back into liquid water by cooling is called...
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
100.
Water vapor is the _______ form of water.
a)
solid
b)
liquid
c)
gaseous
101.
Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail is called...
a)
surface water
b)
precipitation 
c)
ground water
d)
runoff
102.
What can carry pollutants from the soil into rivers and streams?
a)
runoff water
b)
sunlight and heat
c)
water vapor
103.
Which of these is an example of an autotroph?
a)
Sunflower
b)
Krill
c)
Leopard
d)
Hummingbird
104.
Which is NOT a way that nitrogen compounds are added to the soil?
a)
Decay of dead organisms
b)
Denitrification
c)
Animal waste
d)
Nitrogen-fixation
105.

Elements like carbon and nitrogen are cycled through __________.

a)

cells

b)

species

c)

organisms

d)

ecosystems

106.

What cycle does not has a gas phase?

a)

carbon

b)

nitrogen

c)

phosphorus

d)

water

107.

Biotic factors affecting size of population

a)

temperature

b)

rainfall

c)

number of predators

d)

number of tornados

108.

What event would negatively impact the black bear population the most?

a)

salmon disease

b)

large scale wildfire

c)

another predator for rodents is introduced

109.

Represents growth model with limited resources

a)

exponential

b)

logistic

110.

the number of organisms an ecosystem can sustain

a)

equilibrium

b)

carrying load

c)

carrying capacity

111.

Pattern of growth shown by humans

a)

exponential

b)

logistic

112.

A resource that is replenished as fast as it is used is called ____.

a)

renewable

b)

nonrenewable

c)

obsolete

113.

Which factor would INCREASE the carrying capacity for white-tailed deer in an Eastern temperate forest ecosystem?

a)

introduce another predator

b)

reintroduce fruit and nut bearing trees to the area

c)

spray pesticides over the grass and weeds

114.

What is #1?

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

transpiration

115.

What is #7?

a)

transpiration

b)

evaporation

c)

condensation

d)

runoff

116.

Two things that "fix" nitrogen so that plants and animals can use it. CHECK BOTH!

a)

bacteria

b)

worms

c)

lightning

d)

phosphorus

117.

Which level has the most biomass

a)

C. Secondary Consumer

b)

B. Primary consumer

c)

A. producer

d)

D. Tertiary Consumer

118.

If producers have 10,000, how much energy is available at the SECONDARY CONSUMER level?

a)

10,000

b)

1000

c)

100

d)

10

119.

Describe the bird in this food web? CHECK ALL THAT APPLY

a)

autotroph

b)

heterotroph

c)

omnivore

d)

consumer

120.

makes it own food

a)

consumer

b)

autotroph

c)

heterotroph

d)

primary consumer

121.

organism cannot make its own food; MUST consume other organisms

a)

producer

b)

autotroph

c)

heterotroph

d)

plant

122.

eats meat only

a)

carnivore

b)

omnivore

c)

producer

d)

autotroph

e)

heterotroph

123.

A mature stable forest with very little change

a)

constant forest

b)

climax community

c)

pioneer forest

124.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession?

a)

Primary ends with climax community

b)

Secondary begins with bare rock

c)

Primary begins with bare rock

125.

People burning fossil fuels will add more CO2 to the atmosphere and lead to

a)

decreased overall temperatures

b)

increased average temperatures; more trapped heat

c)

no changess in overall temperature

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