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WorksheetsHart - The Immune and Lymphatic Systems and Related Care Review
Total questions: 86
Worksheet time: 43mins
The structure and function of the immune and lymphatic systems can be described as:
A network of organs and vessels that help defend the body against infections and maintain fluid balance.
A system responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.
A group of muscles that support movement and posture.
A collection of glands that regulate metabolism and growth.
The structure and function of the immune and lymphatic systems involve:
Defending the body against pathogens and maintaining fluid balance
Transporting oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide
Digesting food and absorbing nutrients
Producing hormones to regulate metabolism
____________ Immunity protects the body from disease in general.
nonspecific
specific
active
passive
__________ immunity protects against a particular disease that is invading the body at a given time.
specific
innate
passive
herd
________ is a clear yellowish fluid that carries disease-fighting cell called lymphocytes.
lymph
plasma
hemoglobin
platelets
The structure and function of the immune and lymphatic systems are best described as:
A network of organs and vessels that defend the body against infection and maintain fluid balance
A group of muscles that help in movement and posture
A system of bones that provide support and protection
A collection of glands that regulate hormones
________, mucous membranes, and mucous secretions are anatomical barriers.
Skin
Blood
Liver
Bones
Acidity and ________ are physiological barriers.
body temperature
blood pressure
saliva production
hormone secretion
The body rushes ________ cells in an immune response.
disease-fighting
red blood
nerve
fat
The immune and lymphatic systems are responsible for which of the following functions in the body?
Defending the body against pathogens and maintaining fluid balance
Digesting food and absorbing nutrients
Producing hormones and regulating metabolism
Controlling voluntary muscle movements
________ are specialized white blood cells. (Remember the following points about specific immunity)
Lymphocytes
Erythrocytes
Platelets
Macrophages
________ destroy toxins and foreign substances that invade the body tissues.
T cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
Skin cells
B cells create antibodies to specific ________ to destroy them on a second encounter.
antigens
enzymes
hormones
nutrients
Antibodies are carried in ________.
plasma
red blood cells
platelets
lymph nodes
In active immunity, antibodies are acquired by previous infection or ________.
vaccination
antibiotics
surgery
transfusion
In passive immunity, the antibodies come from someone else’s body such as a mother via ________ or breast milk.
placenta
saliva
sweat
tears
Passive immunity is typically not as ________-lasting.
long
short
fast
strong
The structure and function of the immune and lymphatic systems are best described as:
A network of organs and vessels that help defend the body against infections and maintain fluid balance.
A system responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.
A group of muscles that support movement and posture.
A network of nerves that transmit signals between the brain and body.
The lymphatic system is closely related to the ________ system.
circulatory
digestive
respiratory
nervous
The lymphatic system removes excess ________/waste from the tissues.
fluids
cells
proteins
enzymes
Lymph carries ________, which fight disease.
lymphocytes
erythrocytes
platelets
plasma
Lymph nodes can swell when fighting an ________.
infection
injury
emotion
allergy
Lymph nodes purify ________ fluid.
lymph
blood
urine
saliva
Lymph fluid, after being purified in the lymph nodes, flows into the ________.
bloodstream
lungs
stomach
kidneys
Lymph fluid is circulated by muscle activity, ________, and breathing.
massage
digestion
absorption
evaporation
The lymphatic system filters out toxins, helps maintain fluid balance, and absorbs and transports ________ and proteins.
fats
carbohydrates
minerals
vitamins
The immune and lymphatic systems work together to protect the body from disease. Which of the following best describes their structure and function?
The immune system defends against pathogens, while the lymphatic system transports lymph and houses immune cells.
The immune system produces hormones, and the lymphatic system regulates blood sugar.
The immune system digests food, and the lymphatic system absorbs nutrients.
The immune system controls movement, and the lymphatic system produces red blood cells.
Lymphoid (infection-fighting) organs include ________, the thymus gland, the spleen, the appendix, and bone marrow.
tonsils
lungs
kidneys
pancreas
The spleen filters blood and removes ________ and old blood cells.
pathogens
nutrients
hormones
enzymes
Structures called ________ in the small intestine help guard against bacteria.
Peyer's patches
Villi
Crypts of Lieberkühn
Brunner's glands
Bone marrow produces ________ necessary for immune health.
blood cells
digestive enzymes
hormones
vitamins
Lymphatic capillaries in the intestines absorb ________/fat-soluble nutrients.
fats
proteins
carbohydrates
minerals
Which of the following is a normal age-related change to the immune and lymphatic systems?
Increased risk of infections due to weaker immune system
Increased number and size of lymph nodes
Stronger immune response with age
Faster recovery from illness in older adults
At birth, infants have some ______ passed from the mother.
immunity
teeth
hair
language
From birth through early childhood, children receive ______ at regular intervals to provide immunity.
vaccines
vitamins
antibiotics
painkillers
T cells are released from the ______ gland, which is active in infancy and childhood.
thymus
pituitary
adrenal
pineal
Age-related changes to the immune and lymphatic systems may include increased risk of infections due to ______ immune system.
weaker
stronger
faster
improved
Age-related changes to the immune and lymphatic systems may include decreased number and size of ______.
lymph nodes
arteries
alveoli
nephrons
Common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems include which of the following?
Rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and stroke
Osteoporosis and scoliosis
Define the following term: lymphologist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats conditions of the lymphatic system.
a scientist who studies the nervous system.
a doctor specializing in heart diseases.
a specialist in digestive disorders.
Define the following term: immunologist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the immune system, including allergies.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a surgeon who operates on bones and joints.
a physician who treats skin disorders.
Define the following term: oncologist.
a physician who specializes in treating cancer.
a doctor who treats heart diseases.
a surgeon who operates on bones.
a specialist in skin disorders.
Common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems include:
Rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and anemia
Osteoporosis and gout
Define the following term: anaphylactic reaction.
a dangerous allergic reaction that may cause swelling of the lips, tongue, and throat that can obstruct the airway; also called anaphylaxis.
a mild skin irritation caused by exposure to sunlight.
a common cold resulting in sneezing and coughing.
a minor headache caused by dehydration.
Common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems include:
Rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and anemia
Osteoporosis and cataracts
Allergic reaction is an immune response triggered by a generally ________ substance.
harmless
toxic
radioactive
infectious
Common triggers for allergic reactions include ________, bee stings, milk, eggs, peanuts, and medications.
pollen
plastic
iron
glass
Allergic reactions can range from ________ to life-threatening.
mild
severe
chronic
temporary
________ is the most extreme allergic reaction and can cause swelling that blocks the airway.
Anaphylaxis
Asthma
Hay fever
Eczema
Patients with serious known allergies may carry an ________ injector pen to reverse the reaction.
epinephrine
insulin
antibiotic
antacid
Common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems include which of the following?
Autoimmune diseases and lymphadenitis
Diabetes and hypertension
Asthma and osteoporosis
Arthritis and migraine
Define the following term: mononucleosis.
an illness caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV); symptoms include extreme fatigue, sore throat, and fever.
a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and causes persistent cough.
a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to produce insulin.
a fungal infection that leads to white patches in the mouth.
Appendicitis is a ________ infection that causes abdominal pain/tenderness, nausea, vomiting and fever.
bacterial
viral
fungal
parasitic
How is appendicitis diagnosed?
By palpation of the abdomen and blood testing.
By measuring blood pressure only.
By checking vision and hearing.
By testing urine sugar levels.
What are the treatments for appendicitis?
Antibiotics, fever-reducers, and surgery.
Painkillers only.
Physical therapy and rest.
Vitamin supplements and exercise.
What may happen if the appendix is left untreated?
The appendix may burst and spread infection.
The appendix may heal itself and improve digestion.
The appendix may turn into a bone.
The appendix may cause hair growth in the stomach.
Epstein-Barr virus causes a number of illnesses including ________, and others that affect the immune system and nervous system.
mononucleosis
influenza
measles
tuberculosis
Mononucleosis can cause flu-like symptoms and is spread by contact with an infected person's ________.
saliva
blood
urine
sweat
People with weakened immune systems may experience more complications from ________.
EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
Common cold
Seasonal allergies
Migraine
List common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems.
Rheumatoid arthritis, HIV/AIDS, lymphoma, and allergic reactions
Diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and influenza
Osteoporosis, eczema, migraine, and pneumonia
Tuberculosis, anemia, epilepsy, and psoriasis
Lymphedema is ____________.
an abnormal buildup of lymph fluid in the body’s tissues.
a type of bacterial infection affecting the lymph nodes.
a condition where blood clots form in the veins.
an autoimmune disorder that attacks healthy cells.
Blocked lymphatic vessels cause _________
lymphedema
anemia
hypertension
asthma
Lymphedema is most common in the _________.
extremities
abdomen
face
chest
Lymphedema often occurs after ________ surgery.
cancer
cardiac
orthopedic
cosmetic
Signs and symptoms of lymphedema include swelling, pain, and ________ mobility.
limited
enhanced
unaffected
improved
Lymphedema can lead to cellulitis, which requires ________.
antibiotics
painkillers
surgery
physical therapy
Treatment for lymphedema includes exercise, compression garments, and special ________.
massage
diet
surgery
medication
Blood pressure measurement and venipuncture should not be performed on an ________ limb.
affected
healthy
upper
lower
List common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems.
Chronic: HIV/AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis; Acute: tonsillitis, lymphadenitis
Chronic: diabetes, hypertension; Acute: appendicitis, asthma
Chronic: eczema, migraine; Acute: influenza, fracture
Chronic: osteoporosis, anemia; Acute: pneumonia, sprain
Define the following term: lupus
a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body attacks its own healthy tissues.
a viral infection that only affects the liver.
a genetic disorder causing excessive hair growth.
a bacterial infection of the lungs.
Common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems include:
Rheumatoid arthritis and lymphoma
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and anemia
Osteoporosis and cataracts
Lupus is a disease in which the ______ attacks healthy tissue.
body
virus
bacteria
medicine
Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most ______ form of lupus.
common
rare
severe
mild
Lupus can cause widespread body symptoms, especially affecting the skin, ______, and joints.
kidneys
lungs
liver
stomach
Treatment for lupus includes malaria drugs, corticosteroids, and ______.
immunosuppressants
antibiotics
antihistamines
beta blockers
Patients with lupus may be prone to ______ due to medications.
infections
fractures
hypertension
diabetes
Which of the following lists includes common chronic and acute conditions of the immune and lymphatic systems?
Rheumatoid arthritis, HIV/AIDS, lymphedema, and allergies
Diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and influenza
Osteoporosis, eczema, bronchitis, and anemia
Tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, gout, and migraine
Define the following term: opportunistic infection
an infection that invades the body when the immune system is weak and unable to defend itself.
an infection that only affects healthy individuals.
an infection that is always caused by bacteria.
an infection that cannot be treated with antibiotics.
AIDS is caused by which virus?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Influenza virus
Hepatitis virus
Herpes virus
HIV attacks the immune system and disables it.
True
False
What is the final stage of HIV infection called, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear?
AIDS
Hepatitis
Tuberculosis
Malaria
HIV is a sexually transmitted disease; it can also be spread through blood and by sharing infected needles.
True
False
What are the first symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
Flu-like symptoms
Skin rash
Joint pain
Vision loss
Later symptoms of HIV/AIDS include:
Opportunistic infections
Tumors
Central nervous system symptoms
All of the above
Late stage of HIV/AIDS is called _________.
AIDS dementia complex
Kaposi's sarcoma
HIV encephalopathy
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
Flu-like symptoms
Appetite loss
Weight loss
All of the above
