Which chemical messenger is used by the nervous system?

Fill in the blank: The endocrine system uses _______ as chemical messengers.

Which of the following is true about endocrine glands?

Endocrine glands are ductless.

What is the role of the endocrine system in the body?

In the diagram of exocrine glands, what is the function of the duct?

Fill in the blank: The glands and hormones of the endocrine system influence almost every _______ and _______ in the body.

What is homeostasis? (Fill in the blank) Homeostasis is a stable internal environment involving ________, metabolism, excretion, water and salt balances.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the feedback mechanism in homeostasis?

Fill in the blank: In feedback mechanisms, a stimulus causes a change in the homeostatic environment and a signal is sent to the ________.

Which diagram shows the process of returning to optimum after stress in homeostasis?

Hormones are the body's chemical messenger.

Each hormone only affects cells that are programmed to receive a specific hormone's message.

What is the process called when most hormones use a 'turnoff' process?

Which diagram shows how hormones exert their effects on target cells?

The main difference between negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms is:

Which of the following is the most common control mechanism in the body?

Fill in the blank: In negative feedback, an increase in A will ________ in B.

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

Positive feedback mechanisms are more common than negative feedback mechanisms in the body.

Fill in the blank: The action of oxytocin on uterine muscle during birth is an example of ________ feedback.

Which gland is located in the brain and is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Which gland is known as the 'master gland' because it controls other endocrine glands?

Which gland is located in the neck and regulates metabolism?

Which gland is responsible for producing insulin?

Refer to the diagram titled 'Glands of the Endocrine System'. Which gland is located above the kidneys and produces adrenaline?

Which gland is involved in immune system development and is located in the chest?

Which gland is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?

Which gland is located in the lower abdomen of females and produces eggs and hormones?

Which gland is located in the lower abdomen of males and produces sperm and hormones?

What is the main function of the hypothalamus?

Which specialized neurons synthesize and secrete hormones in the hypothalamus?

The hypothalamus controls the secretions of the pituitary gland through which two types of stimulation?

The pituitary gland is often called the 'master gland'.

Which part of the pituitary gland is directly controlled by nervous stimulation from the hypothalamus?

What does 'RH' stand for in the context of hypothalamic hormones?

What does 'RIH' stand for in the context of hypothalamic hormones?

Which hormone stimulates the production of milk in nursing mothers?

Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary and stimulates contractions of the uterus during childbirth and allows the milk to be released from the breast tissue?

What is the function of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secreted by the posterior pituitary?

Fill in the blank: The pineal gland secretes ________, which regulates our internal clocks and any rhythmic activities.

Where is the pineal gland located?

The thyroid gland wraps around the trachea at the base of the neck.

What hormone does the thyroid gland secrete?

Fill in the blank: The thyroid gland needs ________ to create thyroxine, that is why salt is iodized now.

The role of thyroxine in the body is to:

Which hormone is secreted by the parathyroid glands and regulates the amount of calcium in the blood and its absorption by bones?

Where is the thymus gland located?

What hormone does the thymus secrete that stimulates T-cell production in children?

Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is responsible for the fight or flight response?

What hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate reabsorption of nutrients from the kidney?

Which hormone secreted by the adrenal gland controls the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to tell the liver and muscles to remove sugar from the blood and store it as fat?

What hormone does the pancreas secrete to tell the liver to break down fat stores and release sugar back into the blood?

Which hormones are secreted by the ovaries to regulate the female menstrual cycle?

What is the function of the hormone secreted by the endometrium in the uterus when a fertilized egg binds to it?

What hormone do the testicles secrete that controls the development of male characteristics such as deep voice, facial hair, chest and armpit hair?

What is the term for the secretion of too much hormone in the endocrine system?

What is the term for the secretion of insufficient hormone in the endocrine system?

Pituitary dwarfism is caused by which of the following?

Which disorder is caused by hypersecretion of GH during childhood?

Diabetes insipidus is caused by hyposecretion of which hormone?

Cretinism is caused by hyposecretion of thyroid hormones during which stage of life?

Which disorder is an autoimmune disease and the most common form of hyperthyroidism?

Goiter is the enlargement of which gland?

Hypoparathyroidism results in which condition?

Hyperparathyroidism produces which bone disorder?

Cushing's Syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of which hormone?

Addison's Disease is caused by hyposecretion of which hormones?

Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by which of the following?

Type II or insulin-independent diabetes is caused by which of the following?

Hyperinsulinism results in which condition?

Which type of hormones are non-steroid, water soluble, and cannot fit through the membrane of the target cell?

Protein hormones (first messengers) bind to receptors on the target cell, triggering the activation of which type of messenger to affect the cell's activity?

Fill in the blank: The most common chemical signals (second messengers) generated by hormone-receptor complexes are ______ and IP3.

Steroid hormones bind to receptors on the plasma membrane of the target cell.

Steroid hormones are fat-soluble and influence cell activity by binding to receptors within the target cell. What is the next step after the hormone binds to the receptor?

Fill in the blank: Hormone-receptor complex acts as a transcription factor to turn target genes '____' or '____'.

Which of the following hormone classes consists of short chains of amino acids and is found in organs such as the pituitary, parathyroid, heart, stomach, liver, and kidneys?

Which hormone class is derived from tyrosine and secreted by the thyroid and adrenal cortex?

Fill in the blank: Steroid hormones are lipids derived from ________ and are secreted by the gonads, adrenal cortex, and placenta.

Which hormone class is produced from 20-carbon fatty acid, arachadonic acid, and is produced in all cells except RBCs?

Which of the following is NOT a property of Peptide/Protein hormones?

Fill in the blank: The most common hormone type is ________.

Which hormone class is synthesized from a single amino acid and includes melatonin from tryptophan and catecholamines from tyrosine?

Which hormone class travels in blood with a carrier and binds to cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors?

Fill in the blank: An example of a steroid hormone is ________.

Eicosanoids mediate inflammation and act as second messengers.