What is the insulating membrane that surrounds parts of the axon that helps to speed up action potential?

An electrical impulse within a single neuron is called a

The part of the neuron that receives incoming messages is the

The cell body contains the

What maintains the resting membrane potential in a neuron?

The electrical impulse that travels down the axon of a neuron is called

The difference in charge between the inside and outside of a cell is called:

A difference in concentration of ions on the inside versus the outside of a cell is called:

The sodium-potassium pump requires:

When an action potential travels down the axon it:

Functions of the Nervous System

Cell responsible for insulating the CNS neurons

Myelin sheath is the:

The___________ of the brain is where choice making occurs.

There are ______ventricles of the brain.

The central canal along with the ventricles are filled with:

The layers of protection for the brain are called:

In order from outside to inside the meninges are:

Structures that make up the Diencephalon:

Hypothalamus Controls:

The pathways that carry messages to the brain are known as:

Voluntary movements are called:

Autonomic movements are:

The Autonomic Nervous System is divided into two parts:

Fight or Flight

Restores the body to a state of calm after a stressful event.

3 shapes of neurons:

Cell bodies are housed OUTSIDE of the CNS in units known as a ganglion and are Always sensory:

The neurons that make up the CNS:

The _________ lobe is the OUTPUT center of the brain

The _______lobe is the largest part of the cerebrum.

The ______ lobe receives images upside down and then breaks patterns down

into familiar items.

The ________lobe is responsible for hearing and balance

Controls coordination:

The brain stem controls:

The most common type of neuron:

Association or interneurons transmit impulses:

_______is the largest part of a neuron and contains the nucleus.

Long, slender fiber that transmits signals from the cell

body to the axon terminals in a neuron.

Protects the axon of a neuron

Projections from the cell body that receive signals in a neuron:

Cells that insulate neurons in the PNS:

Carry impulses to and from the brain

Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system organs to effector organs (muscles and glands)

The cortex of the brain is the_______ layer.

The pathways that carry messages to the brain are known as:

This pathway carries messages from the brain to the body is the _______pathway.

The dominate part of the Autonomic Nervous System

Groups of nerves in the PNS are called:

Spinal cord ends at:

If the spinal cord ends at L1, how do nerves get to the

abdominal area, back, pelvic region and legs?

Understanding speech, recognition of objects, people, places, and events

and memory of events and outcome of choices are all controlled by the ______lobe.

The structures that make up the brain stem are:

Spinal nerves are made up of:

What cell is found in the CNS and connects neurons to blood vessels, forms scar tissue and creates the blood brain barrier?

Produces and regulates CSF, helping to maintain CNS health, and forming physical and immune barriers against pathogens.

What neuroglial cell is found in the PNS and forms individual myelin sheaths.

What type of neuroglial cell is found in the CNS and phagocytes bacteria and cellular debris?

The structures that make up the CNS:

The interbrain is the:

Our personality, morals and ethics, ability to form words for speaking, and skeletal muscle movements are all controlled by the________lobe.

This structure is involved in fear/panic response

What part of the brain regulates the sleep/wake cycles.

What is the function of the nerve cells?

What direction does an electrical signal move?

What are the ridges on the cerebrum called?

What are the grooves in the cerebrum called?

The _______ is an almond shaped structure in the brain's limbic system that encodes emotional messages to long-term storage.

When a neuron is at REST,

_________helps the impulses travel faster down the axon of a neuron.

Transmits impulses within the CNS between the sensory and motor neurons.

Unipolar neurons are:

__________nerves ALWAYS go to the CNS

The hypothalamus, thalamus, and pituitary make up the:

White matter is located in the:

Grey matter is located _________of the brain.

A pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain near the hypothalamus

Converts short-term memories into long-term memories and is located within the temporal lobe.

Located deep within the brain and regulates your emotions and behavior

Small, almond-shaped structure that controls fear and anxiety.

Tiny pinecone shaped gland that secretes melatonin regulating the circadian cycle of sleep and wakefulness.

Regulates consciousness, wakefulness, and sleep-wake transitions

produces, transports, and removes cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS

Bridge between cerebellum and cortex

The spinal cord ends at L1 but the __________ supplies nerve innervation to the lower extremities and abdomen.

A spinal nerve is made up of:

A ________is a group of spinal nerves

Grey matter

Contains myelinated axons for faster transmission of impulses

A selectively permeable membrane regulates the passage of large and small molecules into the microenvironment of the brain.

The highlighted lobe of this brain is the:

The pink (ish) lobe is the:

Outnumber neurons 10:1 and support, insulate, and protect neurons.

What are reflexes?

Responds to motor output

In which order is a signal sent from stimulus to response?

What is a rapid, predictable and involuntary response to a stimuli known as?

Which of the following is the correct order for a reflex arc?

Carries sensory impulses to the brain and then carries the motor impulses to the muscles and glands.

Progressive disease that destroys motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis.

• A degenerative brain disorder causing memory loss, confusion, and cognitive decline.

A bacterial infection of the meninges 

• A non-progressive motor disorder caused by early brain damage affecting movement and posture.

Neurological disorder with abnormal brain electrical activity causing seizures.

Autoimmune attack on myelin that disrupts nerve signaling, causing weakness and vision problems

Autoimmune disorder causing rapid ascending muscle weakness, often after an infection.

Loss of dopamine-producing cells causing tremors, stiffness, and slowed movement.

• Interruption of blood flow to the brain causing sudden weakness, speech problems, or paralysis.