Grace and Avery are watching clouds form in the sky. When the temperature in the atmosphere reaches the ____, condensation occurs and clouds begin to appear. Can you help them figure out the answer?

Noah and Avery are on a science adventure! They notice that when an air mass travels over land or water with different characteristics than its source region, something interesting happens. What does the air mass undergo?

Harper, Aria, and Hannah are studying climate patterns and come across a mysterious diagram! It shows weak trade winds in the Pacific Ocean, a strong counter current flowing eastward toward South America, and a weak cold-water current along the South American coast. Which short-term climate change event are they investigating?

Maya, James, and Jackson are learning about wild weather! They want to know: Which of the following conditions does NOT help hail form in a thunderstorm cloud?

Liam, Avery, and Scarlett are having a science debate! Can you help them settle it? In how many physical states is matter found on Earth?

Aiden and Anika are hiking and looking at a topographic map. They notice the lines showing elevation. Can you help them out? What is the difference in elevation between two side-by-side contour lines called?

Avery, Ava, and Scarlett are discussing climatological normals in class. Which of the following statements about climatological normals is NOT true?

Benjamin, Mia, and Hannah are competing in a science quiz! Help them answer this: How many electrons can an atom’s third energy level hold?

Mia and Evelyn are planning a picnic, but the weather has been strange lately. An extended period of well-below-normal rainfall is making them wonder what to expect. What is this weather phenomenon called?

Lily, Maya, and Scarlett are doing a science experiment to test the pH levels of different substances. Here are their results: Substance A = 8.1, Substance B = 5.3, Substance C = 2.7, Substance D = 7.0. Which substance do you think is most likely to be rain water?

Lily, Isla, and Abigail are learning about the atmosphere in science class. They discover that ozone in Earth’s atmosphere plays a special role. Why is ozone so important?

Emma, David, and Zoe are exploring a volcano on a science adventure! When magma bursts out and reaches Earth’s surface, what is it called?

Grace, Scarlett, and Jackson are planning a virtual world tour and want to know how many time zones they'll cross. Can you help them out? Into how many time zones is Earth divided?

Mia, Anika, and Grace are playing a science trivia game! Which answer best completes this statement: Elements with a full outermost energy level are...

Kai, Charlotte, and Liam are discussing atoms in science class. If an atom’s outermost energy level is more than half full, which type of ion is it most likely to form?

Jackson, Evelyn, and Henry are discussing why the northern hemisphere might experience warmer summers and colder winters in several thousand years. Which answer choice best explains this phenomenon?

Samuel and Avery are learning about weather phenomena in class. Which answer choice best completes the statement or answers the question: Violent downdrafts that are concentrated in one local area are

Ethan, Aria, and Avery are watching a thunderstorm develop from their window. At which stage of the thunderstorm would they see an equal amount of updrafts and downdrafts swirling in the clouds?

Aria and Mason are watching a hurricane approach the coast. Suddenly, they see a huge mound of water being pushed toward the shore by the hurricane winds! What is this dramatic phenomenon called?

Mia, Evelyn, and Luna are discussing Earth's orbit. When Earth's orbit becomes more circular, it moves farther from the Sun. What happens to Earth's climates?

Harper and Benjamin are making salsa in science class. They discover that tomatoes have a pH of 4. Based on this, how would you describe tomatoes?

Abigail, Olivia, and Noah are planning a science fair project about weather. They need to measure the temperature outside. Which weather instrument should they use?

Rohan, David, and Samuel are working on a school project to create a colorful map with different layers, like roads, rivers, and parks. Which technology should they use to combine all these map layers using databases?

Avery, Abigail, and Luna are planning a trip to both the polar and tropical regions! They notice that these places have fairly constant average temperatures. Why is that?

Avery, Kai, and Ethan are exploring the changing seasons using the diagram below! In the diagram, it’s either spring or fall. Can you help them figure out: Which pole is pointing towards the Sun?

Ethan, Samuel, and Arjun are curious scientists testing how different watering schedules affect plant growth under a grow lamp! Check out their experiment table below. If another person wanted to repeat their experiment, which of the following would they NOT need to know? Table: Plants under a grow lamp — A: no water (Week 1: 0 in; Week 2: 0 in; Week 3: 0 in); B: water once a day (Week 1: 0 in; Week 2: 3 in; Week 3: 5 in); C: water three times a day (Week 1: 0 in; Week 2: 2 in; Week 3: 4 in); D: water five times a day (Week 1: 0 in; Week 2: 2 in; Week 3: 0 in).

William and Nora are investigating water vapor using a cool graph! Can you help them figure out: How much water vapor does $$1 cm^3$$ contain at $$0°C$$ ? Check out the graph and choose the right answer!

Benjamin and Avery are exploring the Earth's surface. They notice a place where plates are moving apart. What type of formation do they discover?

Arjun and Zoe are watching the weather, and they hear about very severe thunderstorms forming. Can you help them figure out what needs a large continuous supply of warm air to lift and condense for these storms to happen?

Mia and Samuel are watching lava flow from a hot spot, and they’re timing how fast it moves! The lava flows out of a fissure at a steady rate of 0.8 km/h. Check out their table below and help them solve the mystery. Table: Time (hours) — 12, __, 45; Distance (km) — 9.6, 24, __. How long did it take the lava to flow 24 km?

Oliver and David are conducting a cool science experiment in class. They have four minerals and a bottle of hydrochloric acid. Which mineral will bubble when they pour the acid on it?

Luna and Henry are exploring a volcano in their science adventure! They notice a bowl-shaped depression around the vent. What is this feature called?

Avery and Harper are exploring a mysterious cave and discover a graph about albite melting points! Using the graph, can you help them figure out: How does the melting point of albite with water change as the depth of its burial increases from 0 to 3 km?

Abigail and Elijah are exploring climatological data for their science project! In addition to average weather conditions, they discover that climatological data also describes annual variations and fluctuations of temperature, precipitation, ____, and other variables. Can you help them fill in the blank?

Abigail and Rohan are curious about how the Sun affects Earth's climate. They discover that periods of low sunspot activity, like the ____, are linked to unusually cold climate conditions. Can you help them fill in the blank?

Luna, Harper, and Emma are curious about climate change! Using the graph, help them predict what the average global temperature might be in 2020 if the warming trend continues. What do you think?

Olivia, Mia, and Harper are learning about weather in class. They discover that there are narrow bands of fast, high-altitude, westerly winds zooming around the planet. What are these winds called?

Michael and Zoe are on a globe-trotting adventure! If they travel east across the International Date Line, what happens to their calendar?

Charlotte and Benjamin are exploring a cave and discover some shiny minerals. They wonder, minerals always exist in a(n) ____ form. Can you help them solve the mystery?

Liam, Ava, and David are on a science adventure! They discover that all matter is made of substances called ____.

Maya and Arjun are watching clouds move across the sky. They wonder why the wind seems to curve as it travels. Can you help them out? The Coriolis effect is due to the ____ of Earth.

Zoe and Ethan are exploring the mysteries of ancient Earth. Which subspecialty of Earth science would help them study ancient environments?

Grace, Emma, and Luna are exploring climate data for their science project! They discover that types of climate data include annual variations in temperature, precipitation, and ____.

Elijah, Evelyn, and Mia are planning a treasure hunt using a map! They notice something called a graphic scale on the map. Can you help them figure out what a graphic scale is?

Emma, Luna, and Avery are exploring the Hawaiian Islands using a cool labeled diagram! They spot a mysterious underwater feature called Loihi near the islands. Can you help them figure out: Which of the following is a seamount?

Olivia and Mason are doing a science experiment. They notice that lodestone can pick up iron filings. What special property does lodestone have that makes this possible?

Priya and Nora are on a geology adventure! They discover a mysterious mineral with a density of $$4.5\ \text{g/cm}^3$$ . If the mineral has a volume of $$30\ \text{cm}^3$$ , can you help them figure out its mass?

Noah, Maya, and Luna are exploring a weather map in class. They notice some lines that connect points with the same air pressure. What are these lines called?

Aria, Rohan, and Noah are having a quiz showdown! Who can guess what Earth’s atmosphere contains more of than any other substance?

Which of the following is a component of the atmosphere which changes very little?

Use the diagram of aluminum (Al) and oxygen (O) atoms with valence electrons shown as e− to answer: Why is the aluminum atom likely to lose two of its valence electrons?

Lava erupts through an opening in Earth’s crust called a

A balloon-borne package of sensors that gathers upper-level temperature, air pressure, and humidity is

Extremely powerful thunderstorms that develop intense, rotating updrafts are

What type of precipitation occurs as rain droplets move up and down through freezing and nonfreezing air?

Use the map showing four states with interstates, national parks (dots), capital cities (stars), and mountain symbols; scale shows 1 inch equals 125 miles and a north arrow: Which of the following statements can be inferred from the map?

Ores near Earth’s surface generally are obtained from ____.

Identification tests for minerals are based on their

Use the following table of air masses to answer the question. Air Mass Type and Winter Characteristics: • Continental polar — interiors of Canada and Alaska; very cold, dry • Continental tropical — southwest United States and Mexico; warm, dry • Maritime polar — North Pacific Ocean; mild, humid • Maritime polar — North Atlantic Ocean; cold, humid. Which region would be the warmest during the winter as a result of its air mass?

On a topographic map, the difference in elevation between two side-by-side contour lines is called the ____.

In how many physical states does matter exist in the universe?

An atom in which the outermost energy level is more than half full tends to form which of the following ions?

The basic building blocks of matter are ____.

To make detailed maps of the ocean surface, scientists used what technology?

When moist winds approach a mountain, they often drop rain as they rise over the mountain, and come down the other side of the mountain much ____.

The rising, moist updrafts and the falling, cool downdrafts form a convection cell that produces the ____ associated with thunderstorms.

Most of Earth’s atmosphere is composed of

Solid particles in the atmosphere include salt and

What stage of a thunderstorm is shown below?

The phenomenon in which the effects of cold air are worsened by wind is the

Use the diagram to answer the question. The diagram shows cold air advancing under warm air along a steep boundary, forcing warm air to rise rapidly. What type of weather is associated with this type of front?

The International Date Line is located at the

Use the picture to answer the question. How does this process appear in the atmosphere?

What technology uses detectors on satellites to measure the energy intensity of different parts of Earth’s surface to make maps?

The nuclei of some ____ are unstable and emit radiation.

Use the graph titled Albite Melting Curves to answer the question. What is the difference in melting points of dry albite and albite with water at a depth of 12 km?

Use the periodic table block for cobalt to answer the question. What two pieces of information does the number above Co provide?

What air temperature and relative humidity produces the same apparent temperature as when the air temperature is 90°F and the relative humidity is 40%?

Crater Lake in southern Oregon is not a crater but actually a ___.

Which of the following changes of state releases thermal energy?

Scientists hypothesize that an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide leads to an increase in Earth’s absorption of

Many elements are mixtures of

The amount of energy the atmosphere absorbs depends in part on its level of

Use the topographic map to answer the question. How much of a rise in elevation exists from point D to point B?

Use the map below to answer the question. Who would benefit most by using this map?

Use the diagram to answer the question. According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest?

How much does each section of this graphic scale represent?

What type of bonding takes places when Mg+2 and O−2 combine to form MgO?

Tomatoes have a pH of 4. They are considered to be ____.

The intense updrafts and downdrafts that characterize severe thunderstorms are the result of

What did Wladimir Köppen originally use to classify different climatic regions?

A balloon-borne package of sensors that gathers upper-level temperature, air pressure, and humidity is ____.

What is the SI unit of mass?

The nucleus of an atom is made up of

Use the diagram to answer the question: What zone is point B located in?

What is the latitude of the North Pole?

Use the diagram to answer the question: At which point would the strongest winds and densest clouds of the hurricane be located?

Use the diagram to answer the question: Where would the most active volcano be located on this diagram?

Densely packed arrangements of particles that take the shape of their containers are ____.