The number of species of living organisms on Earth is:

New species can arise through which of the following processes?

What is the critical criterion in determining a 'species' in biology?

What is the scientific name format for a species?

If two species belong to the same genus, will they share the same genus name?

What is a hybrid?

Hybridization can only occur between two species that are evolutionarily and genetically closely related to each other.

Which of the following is an example of a hybrid produced by artificial intervention? Choose the correct option.

The Hong Kong orchid tree (Bauhinia × blakeana) is a rare hybrid that takes place naturally.

Animals can be divided into two groups: vertebrates and ________.

Which of the following is NOT a vertebrate? Choose the correct option.

List any two groups of vertebrates.

Which of the following is NOT an invertebrate group listed in the worksheet?

How many percent of all living animal species discovered on Earth are invertebrates?

Which of the following is a feature of fish?

Fish are generally covered with slimy _______.

Fish limbs are modified into fins for swimming and body balance.

What is the function of the swim bladder in fish?

The skeleton of fish is made up of either hard bone or _______.

Most fish lay ______ eggs into water, known as oviparous.

Which of the following is NOT a subgroup of Arthropoda?

Vertebrates bear a backbone (vertebral column) running along their back.

What is external fertilization in fish?

Are fish generally cold-blooded animals?

Which of the following is a cartilaginous fish?

Name one fish that can breathe air out of water.

What is the remarkable ability of tuna regarding body temperature regulation?

Which fish is known for having a lung-like organ for breathing air out of water?

Which fish is found in mangroves and can breathe through its moist skin and the lining of its mouth?

What are the main body features of amphibians?

Amphibians lay eggs in water, which hatch into an intermediate life form called ______ that usually breathes with gills and changes into the adult form by metamorphosis.

Amphibian eggs are fertilized in which way?

Amphibians are cold-blooded animals (poikilotherms).

Which of the following is NOT an example of an amphibian?

The function of its vibrant colour is:

Indigenous people harvest the toxin of golden poison frogs to use as poison on darts.

Glass frogs (Centrolenidae) are unique because:

The translucent belly of glass frogs is thought to help them blend in with their environment. This is an example of:

Fill in the blank: Reptiles use ______ for gas exchange.

Body features of reptiles: • They use lungs for gas exchange; they will drown if they cannot reach the water surface to breathe. • Their skin has dry scales but no hair or feathers, and they shed their skin continuously throughout their life. • They have claws on their toes (except those that don’t have legs, such as legless lizards). Which of the following is NOT a feature of reptile skin?

Most reptiles are ______, meaning they lay eggs.

Temperature regulation in reptiles: • Reptiles are cold-blooded animals (poikilotherms). True or False: Reptiles are warm-blooded animals.

Which of the following is a reptile?

Fill in the blank: The short-horned lizard can shoot ______ from its eyes to confuse predators.

Blind snakes (Typhlopidae) live underground in burrows, there is no use for vision. Their eyes are degenerated to be mostly vestigial.

Which of the following is NOT a body feature of birds?

Reproduction in birds: How do birds reproduce?

Birds are ______ animals (homeotherms) that can maintain their own body temperature despite changing environmental temperature.

Which of the following birds is known for being aggressive and territorial, with large claws used for defense?

Birds-of-paradise are well-known for having extravagant plumage (feathers) and ______ behaviour.

Birds have a beak but no teeth.

Birds use lungs for gas exchange.

Name one bird mentioned in the passage that is found in Papua New Guinea.

What is one body feature of mammals? Fill in the blank: Mammals have ________, which varies greatly among species; most have sweat glands.

Which gland in female mammals is well developed for feeding their young? Fill in the blank: Mammals have ________ glands to secrete milk.

How do mammals exchange gases? Fill in the blank: Mammals use ________ for gas exchange.

How do mammals reproduce? Fill in the blank: Mammals carry out ________ fertilization and give birth to small mammals (viviparous).

What type of temperature regulation do mammals have? Fill in the blank: Mammals are ________-blooded animals (homeotherms).

Which of the following is NOT listed as a mammal in the passage?

What is the most trafficked animal in the world according to the passage?

What material are pangolin scales made of? Fill in the blank: Pangolin scales are made of ________, the same material as fingernails.

Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is one of the five living species of egg-laying mammals.

What is unique about the way platypus young are fed?

Which vertebrate class has scales, is cold-blooded, uses external fertilization, breathes with gills, and lays naked eggs?

Which vertebrate class has naked skin, is cold-blooded, uses external fertilization, breathes with gills, lungs, and skin, and lays naked eggs?

Which vertebrate class has dry scales, is cold-blooded, uses internal fertilization, breathes with lungs, and lays hard-shelled eggs?

Which vertebrate class has feathers, is warm-blooded, uses internal fertilization, breathes with lungs, and lays hard-shelled eggs?

Which vertebrate class has fur, is warm-blooded, uses internal fertilization, breathes with lungs, and does not lay eggs?

What is the main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?

What percentage of living species are invertebrates?

Which invertebrate has umbrella-shaped bells for propulsion for locomotion?

Which invertebrate bears tentacles with stinging cells lining the edge of the body for catching prey and defense against predators?

Jellyfish have a hollow body cavity without brain, heart, eyes, etc.

Flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical and ________.

The flattened shapes of flatworms allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by ________.

Earthworms have segmented body walls.

Earthworms help with nutrient cycling in soil by digesting and mixing debris, increasing soil fertility.

Bees have an exoskeleton to protect the organs inside.

The body of a bee is divided into how many parts?

Name the three parts of a bee's body.

Bees have antennae to detect environmental changes in their surroundings.

Fill in the blank: It has coiled shells and can retract completely into the shell for protection. It has muscular slimy foot and a pair of antennae. What animal is being described?

Fill in the blank: It has numerous spines all over its hard shell made up of calcium carbonate. It has tube feet for locomotion. The mouth is at the bottom side (base) while the anus is at the upper side (top). What animal is being described?

Fill in the blank: It has eight arms, three hearts and bluish-coloured blood. It has no internal or external skeleton, allowing them to squeeze through tight places. It has a complex nervous system, with concentrated neurones on each of its arms — thus it has nine brains in total. What animal is being described?

Which phylum does a sponge belong to?

Which phylum includes insects, crabs, spiders, and scorpions?

Which phylum does a flatworm belong to?

Which phylum includes snails, mussels, abalones, octopuses, and squids?

Cnidaria (刺胞動物門) includes which of the following examples?

Nematoda (線蟲動物門) includes which of the following examples?

Annelida (環節動物門) includes which of the following examples?

Echinodermata (棘皮動物門) includes which of the following examples?

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships between certain organisms found in a woodland: (i) Name the groups to which the following vertebrates belong: (1) snakes (2) crows

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships between certain organisms found in a woodland: State one external feature which is characteristic of each group. (1) snakes (2) crows

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships between certain organisms found in a woodland: (ii) Referring to the diagram, name all: (1) carnivores (2) omnivores

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships between certain organisms found in a woodland: (iii) Name the relationship between: (1) mites and beetle larvae (2) mites and centipedes

In a marine museum, living marine animals are kept in different exhibition areas according to their animal group. Some of the animals in the museum are shown in the diagrams below: (i) Using the letters provided, state all animal(s) that should be placed in the exhibition area for reptiles.

In a marine museum, living marine animals are kept in different exhibition areas according to their animal group. Some of the animals in the museum are shown in the diagrams below: (ii) B and E are kept in the same exhibition area. Name the animal group to which they belong.

In a marine museum, living marine animals are kept in different exhibition areas according to their animal group. Some of the animals in the museum are shown in the diagrams below: (iii) State two structural differences between A and C which explain why they are kept in different exhibition areas.