DC Bio Ch. 7, 8, and 9 Review

Front

What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol stabilizes the cell membrane, preventing it from becoming too solid or too fluid.

Front

What does the activation energy represent in a chemical reaction?

Back

The activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What is the main difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) using energy, while passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) without energy.

Front

What type of solution causes a cell to swell due to water intake?

Back

Hypotonic solution.

Front

Which cellular process produces the most ATP?

Back

ETC/Chemiosmosis (Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis) produces the most ATP.

Front

Define diffusion in the context of cellular transport.

Back

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Front

What is the difference between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle in terms of ATP production?

Back

Glycolysis produces a small amount of ATP (2 ATP), while the citric acid cycle produces a moderate amount (2 ATP) but is followed by the ETC which produces the most ATP.

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing the cell to lose water and shrink.