Solutions, Acids and Bases Review

Front

What is solubility?

Back

Solubility is the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.

Front

What factors affect the solubility of a substance?

Back

Factors include temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Front

What is the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 45°C?

Back

72 g per 100 mL of water.

Front

Which substance is least soluble in water at 40°C: KI, KNO3, KClO3, or NaCl?

Back

KClO3 is the least soluble at 40°C.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the weakest acid among the following: ammonia, lye, baking soda, or milk?

Back

Milk is the weakest acid.

Front

How does temperature affect solubility?

Back

Generally, for most solids, solubility increases with temperature, while for gases, solubility decreases with increasing temperature.

Front

What is saturation in a solution?

Back

Saturation occurs when no more solute can dissolve in the solvent at a given temperature and pressure.