An intellectual movement emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.

An Enlightenment thinker known for his theories on natural rights and government by consent.

A philosopher known for his social contract theory and views on the necessity of a strong central authority.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A philosopher who influenced the Enlightenment in France and across Europe with his ideas on the social contract.

Rights that are not contingent upon the laws, customs, or beliefs of a particular society.

An implicit agreement among members of a society to cooperate for social benefits.

English Bill of Rights

An act passed by the Parliament of England in 1689, laying out certain basic civil rights.

A series of religious revivals in the American colonies during the 17th and 18th Centuries.

The theory or system of government in which the powers of the government are defined and limited by a constitution.

Constitution of Virginia

The document that defines the structure and function of the government of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Declaration of Independence

The statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress declaring the thirteen American colonies independent from British rule.

Articles of Confederation

The original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789.

Constitution of the United States

The supreme law of the United States, establishing the framework of the national government.

The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, guaranteeing certain fundamental rights and freedoms.

Virginia Declaration of Rights

A document drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men, including the right to reform or abolish inadequate government.

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

A statement about both freedom of conscience and the principle of separation of church and state.

The principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people.

The principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced.

Government of a country by its own people, especially after having been a colony.

Consent of the Governed

The idea that a government's legitimacy and moral right to use state power is justified and lawful only when consented to by the people.

The principle that the greater number should exercise greater power.

The normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities.

Equality Under the Law

The principle that each independent being must be treated equally by the law.

An agreement or settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

A system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government.

Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution.

Powers which are not written down or assigned.

Powers shared by both the federal government and each constituent political unit.

A system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power.

An act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.

Birthright Citizenship

A legal right to citizenship for all children born in a country's territory, regardless of parentage.

The legal act or process by which a non-citizen in a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country.

A service which is provided by government to people living within its jurisdiction.

A system by which men are required to register for military service.

Fiscal Responsibility

The principle of managing government spending and tax policies to ensure a balanced budget.

Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

Individual rights protected by law from unjust governmental or other interference.

The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.

The principle that laws and enforcement of laws must apply equally to all people.

Unit 1: Foundations of American Constitutional Government Vocab Flashcards

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46 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Democracy

Back

A system of government by the whole population, typically through elected representatives.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Republic

Back

A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Direct Democracy

Back

A form of democracy in which people decide on policy initiatives directly.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Representative Democracy

Back

A type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Citizenship

Back

The status of being a citizen, with associated rights and responsibilities.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Magna Carta

Back

A charter of liberties agreed to by King John of England in 1215, foundational to the development of constitutional law.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Virginia Company Charters

Back

Documents that granted rights to the Virginia Company to establish colonies in America.

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