EID 1.3-1.4 Competition / Biodiversity and Human Impact

EID 1.3-1.4 Competition / Biodiversity and Human Impact

By: Ms. Bailey*

​Lesson Objective: KWBAT use and interpret data from graphs and charts to describe how organisms in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and abiotic factors.

​KWBAT describe how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem.

KWBAT explain ways that human activities have impacted the ocean environment.

​TEKs: 8.11(A)  investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and  may compete for biotic factors such as food and abiotic factors such as  quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition.

​8.11(C)  recognize human dependence on ocean systems and explain how human activities such as  runoff, artificial reefs, or use of resources have modified these systems

7.10(B)  describe how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem

​What You Will Learn Today:

Competition in a food web is shown when two or more arrows are pointing away from a prey population to different predator populations

• Biodiversity is the total variety of life on earth including all the different species, all their characteristics and the communities and ecosystems in which they live.

• Biodiversity impacts all life, the more biodiversity the more secure all life, including humans, on Earth.

​

​Lesson Vocabuary:

1. Limiting factor: any resource that constrains a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing.

2. competition: an interaction between two organisms that try to use the same limiting resource

3. Adaptation: characteristics that an organism has to help it survive in its environment

4. Biodiversity:  The total variety of life found on Earth

5. Sustainability: an ecosystem that can maintain interactions and its full functions between its components over a long period of time​

​

Multiple Choice

what is a limiting resource?

• any resource that constrains a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing.

• any resource that promotes a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing.

• any resource that constrains a population’s size and encourages it to growing.

Multiple Choice

what is competition?

• an interaction between two organisms that try to use the same limiting resource

• an interaction between one organisms that tries to use the same limiting resource

• an interaction between abiotic factors organisms that try to use the same limiting resource

Multiple Choice

what is adaption?

• characteristics that an organism has to help it survive in its environment

• characteristics that an organism has to help it survive in different environment

• characteristics that an abiotic factors has to help it survive in its environment

Multiple Choice

what is biodiversity?

• The total variety of life found on Earth

• The total variety of life found in an ecosystem

• The total variety of life found in the universe

​Welcome back Biologists!  We’ve been studying the rough-skinned newts ecosystem to help us answer the unit question, “what caused the population of newts to change over time.”  You’ve learned that the newt lives in a diverse habitat with many different plants and animals that are interdependent on one another.  You’ve also learned that in order to survive, all the organisms in the ecosystem  need a range of biotic and abiotic factors.  What happens when these biotic and abiotic factors are limited?

Open Ended

What are examples of biotic and abiotic factors that all living things need to survive?

SS: Some examples of biotic and abiotic factors that all organisms need to survive are:

Open Ended

What is competition?

Open Ended

Why and for what do animals in an ecosystem compete?

SS: Animals compete for____. They do this ____

​How do you know when two organisms are in competition?

Open Ended

Provide an example of two organisms that are in competition with each other.

SS: Two organisms that are in competition with each other are....

​Find a Partner!

Open Ended

what are adaptions?

​Adaptations are characteristics that allow an organism to adjust to the particular set of conditions it is exposed to and survive successfully.  Animals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to outcompete other animals and survive.

Open Ended

How have the adaptations of camels and polar bears made them well-suited to their environment?

Multiple Choice

Fish in Crater Lake have to compete for space.  dIfferent fish have different optimal temperature ranges.  At which temperature range will there be the most competition for space among these fish species?

• 5-10 degrees

• 10-15 degrees

• 15-25 degrees

• 25-30 degrees

Multiple Choice

What food sources do the mule deer depend on most?

• shrubs and vines

• weeds

• seed and fruit

• grass

​Proper Position Please!

​FIND A NEW PARTNER!

​Biodiversity is the diversity of life in an ecosystem.  The biodiversity of an ecosystem is determined by the richness (the number), the abundance (the equal distribution), and the composition (types) of species and groups in the ecosystem.  Biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem.  A sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem which can maintain interactions between its components over a long period of time. A sustainable ecosystem is better equipped to withstand external factors such as disease, fires and human activities, which can stress the ecosystem.

Open Ended

What is biodiversity?

Open Ended

Why is biodiversity important?

Open Ended

What is currently happening to biodiversity?

​Which type of organism, if added to the food web, would likely contribute the most to the sustainability of the ecosystem: producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, or tertiary consumers?

Open Ended

Make a Prediction!  Biological diversity has decreased dramatically and the culprit--human activity.  What activities by humans likely have had a negative impact on the biodiversity of oceans? What can humans do to help repair the oceans?

​FIND A NEW PARTNER!!

​A sustainable ecosystem is better equipped to withstand external factors such as disease, fires and human activities, which can stress the ecosystem.  The more biodiverse an ecosystem, the more sustainable it is.

​Humans are dependent on ocean systems for food, minerals and energy.  However, human activities such as land development, overfishing and drilling has threatened the biodiversity and sustainability of ocean systems. Humans are trying to restore the ocean by creating artificial habitats.

Open Ended

How do human activities negatively impact ocean ecosystems? What effect do these activities have on biodiversity and sustainability?

SS: Human activity negatively impacts ocean ecosystems by.____. These activities effect biodiversity and sustainability by_____.

​PROPER POSITIONS PLEASE!

​EXIT TICKET TIME!

Multiple Choice

A group of scientists studied some trees in a pine forest. In the densely forested areas, the trees were within 1 m of each other. The scientists observed that these trees had dead branches near the ground. They measured the height above the ground at which the first living branches were found on different-sized trees in the forest. Then they repeated this procedure on the same kind of trees in an open meadow. This graph summarizes the scientists’ data. Which inference is best supported by these data?

• Pine trees in a dense forest can grow taller than pine trees in an open meadow.

• Pine trees in a dense forest compete for sunlight with the surrounding trees.

• Pine trees in a dense forest are part of a less-complex food web than pine trees in an open meadow.

• Pine trees in a dense forest have more living branches than pine trees in an open meadow.

Multiple Choice

what is adaption?

• characteristics that an organism has to help it survive in its environment

• characteristics that an organism has to help it survive in different environment

• characteristics that an abiotic factors has to help it survive in its environment

Multiple Choice

A desert ecosystem is depicted in the photograph below. What must the grasses be able to do to survive?

• The grasses must be able to outcompete cacti and yucca plants for shelter from storms.

• The grasses must be able to outcompete cacti and yucca plants for minerals in mountain rocks.

• The grasses must be able to outcompete cacti and yucca plants for shade.

• The grasses must be able to outcompete cacti and yucca plants for water.

Multiple Choice

what is a limiting resource?

• any resource that constrains a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing.

• any resource that promotes a population’s size and slows or stops it from growing.

• any resource that constrains a population’s size and encourages it to growing.

Multiple Choice

The diagram illustrates a food web for a particular ecosystem. Which two populations are in direct competition for food resources according to the diagram?

• Wolf and hawk

• Lizard and snake

• Mouse and snake

• Lizard and grasshopper

Multiple Choice

Biodiversity is an indicator of the ecosystem's health and its ability to be sustainable.  Which of the following is the best description of a sustainable ecosystem?

• A sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem which can be altered to be made habitable by humans.

• A sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem which cannot be altered to be made habitable by humans.

• A sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem which is easily affected by changes to its environment over a short period of time.

• A sustainable ecosystem is an ecosystem which can maintain interactions between its components over an extended period of time.

Multiple Choice

what is competition?

• an interaction between two organisms that try to use the same limiting resource

• an interaction between one organisms that tries to use the same limiting resource

• an interaction between abiotic factors organisms that try to use the same limiting resource

Multiple Choice

Oceans receive runoff from land surfaces from rainfall.  What is one way in which runoff from human activities impacts ocean systems?

• Developed lands can increase the amount of runoff flowing into the ocean, changing the pattern of tides.

• Developed lands can decrease the amount of runoff flowing into the ocean, lowering ocean levels.

• Chemical fertilizers applied to agricultural land can enter ocean waters in runoff, creating an overgrowth of some aquatic plants.

• Oil and gasoline in runoff from roads can enter ocean waters, increasing the amount of fossil fuels recovered from drilling beneath the ocean floor.

Multiple Choice

what is biodiversity?

• The total variety of life found on Earth

• The total variety of life found in an ecosystem

• The total variety of life found in the universe

Multiple Choice

A coastal area that once supported a thriving fishing industry is overfished. The number of species found living in the marine ecosystem decreases. Which of these activities is most likely to increase the natural biodiversity in the area?

• Building artificial reefs and limiting fishing activity

• Introducing non-native species to fill unoccupied habitats and banning fishing

• Building artificial reefs and increasing fishing activity

• Eliminating non-native species and encouraging fishing for large predatory fish

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