SS Bio Unit 2 Lesson

Chemistry of Biology - Module 2 Test Review

​Lesson 1 Matter

​Atoms consist of:

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons​

Types of elements include:

• Hydrogen (H)

• Carbon (C)

• Oxygen (O)​

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Elements are pure substances made up of only one kind of atom.

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​Elements....

can fo​rm covalent and ionic bonds.

Subject | Subject

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These are substances with unique properties that are formed when elements combine.

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​Compounds

Open Ended

Describe the difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds.

Lesson 2: Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

Made from carbon and hydrogen (sacchrides)

• Goal = Store quick-release energy

• Come from plants

Lipids/Fats

Lipids are made from Fatty Acids

• Saturated Fats = Bad for the body

• Unsaturated Fats = Better for the body

Fats and Water do NOT mix!

Lipids/Fats

Lipids have many roles in the body

• Long term energy

• Protect organs

• Warmth

Nucleic Acids

Code to ALL Life!

• DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid

• Nucleotides code for specific molecules to be made

Multiple Choice

What type of carbohydrate is this?

• polysaccharide

• disaccharide

• monosaccharide

• it isn't a carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What is not a type of carbohydrate?

• Fat

• Fiber

• Starch

• Sugar

Multiple Choice

Which has more energy, 1.0 g of carbohydrate or 1.0 g of lipid?

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

Multiple Choice

All organic compounds contain the element

• carbon

• nitrogen

• phosphorus

• sulfur

Multiple Choice

The monomer, building block, of DNA and RNA; made up of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base

• Amino Acid

• Fatty Acid

• Nucleotide

• Monosaccharide

Multiple Choice

The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----

• made of lots of double bonds

• acidic when mixed with water

• no high energy content

• do not dissolve in water

Lesson 3: Proteins, Enzymes, and Water

Proteins

Made from Nucleic Acids

• Amino Acid chains fold and make different proteins.

• Proteins make up most of your body

• Shape = Protein function

Enzymes

Help to speed up chemical reactions in the body

• Lowers the energy needed

• Water is a polar molecule

• Its properties contribute to Earth's suitability for life.

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​About WATER...

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Multiple Choice

What is the monomer or building block of proteins?

• glucose

• nucleotides

• amino acids

• lipids

Multiple Choice

What is another name for a protein?

• fat

• sugar

• amino acid

• polypeptide

Multiple Select

Enzymes

• fats

• proteins

• catalysts

• dogalysts

• lower activation energy

Multiple Choice

Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site.  What is this called?

• reusablility

• denaturation

• specificity

• fragility

Multiple Choice

What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction? 

• The reaction rate will increase.

• The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained. 

• The reaction rate will decrease.

• The reaction will stop. 

Multiple Choice

Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called

• Covalent bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Polar bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

Multiple Choice

Water is a universal solvent because it...

• It can be found anywhere

• It freezes when it gets cold

• floats when frozen

• Dissolves most substances