States of Matter and Intermolecular Forces

Which statement best distinguishes gases from liquids and solids in terms of particle motion and spacing?

• Particles closely packed and randomly oriented, changing neighbors

• Particles far apart with complete freedom of motion

• Particles slightly separated but mostly touching at rest

• Particles closely packed with fixed positions in an array

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Identify the correct pairing between state of matter and a characteristic property.

• Retains own shape and volume

• Solid

• Assumes container’s shape partially

• Gas

• Expands to fill container

• Liquid

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which two factors directly determine how close particles are and how they move, setting the state of matter?

• Charge and polarity

• Color and density

• Mass and volume

• Temperature and pressure

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Select all properties that typically describe liquids.

• Diffusion occurs extremely slowly within the phase

• Virtually incompressible under normal conditions

• Assumes both volume and shape of its container

• Flows readily but does not expand to fill container

As the strength of intermolecular attractions increases along the arrow, how do the states of matter change?

• From gas to liquid to crystalline solid

• From solid to gas to liquid

• From liquid to gas to crystalline solid

• From crystalline solid to gas to liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which statement about condensed phases is accurate?

• Liquids and solids have particles perpetually touching

• Gases have particles perpetually touching

• Condensed phases mean particles are widely separated

• Condensed phases are gases and plasmas together

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-3

Choose the correct description of diffusion speed across states.

• Rapid in gases, slow in liquids, extremely slow in solids

• Equal in gases, liquids, and solids overall

• Slow in gases, rapid in liquids, moderate in solids

• Rapid in solids, slow in gases, moderate in liquids

Which statement best compares intramolecular covalent bonds to intermolecular forces?

• Covalent bonds are much stronger than intermolecular forces

• Intermolecular forces are stronger than covalent bonds

• Covalent bonds and intermolecular forces are equally weak

• Both have similar strength ranges in kJ per mole

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

In the diagram with two HCl molecules, the dotted red line represents what?

• A metallic bond across both molecules

• An ionic bond forming between H and Cl

• A strong covalent bond within HCl

• A weak intermolecular attraction between molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Match each term with its description.

• Collective name for weak intermolecular forces

• Intermolecular force

• Bond within a molecule, strong

• Intramolecular bond

• Attraction between molecules, weaker

• van der Waals forces