WorksheetsBiology Second Semester Final Review
Total questions: 87
Worksheet time: 44mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
During the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, light energy is used.
a)
True
b)
Fase
2.
The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis.
a)
True
b)
False
3.
A prokaryote that grows and reproduces without oxygen is called aerobic.
a)
True
b)
False
4.
A gamete has one-half the number of chromosomes of a regular body cell.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
Sexual reproduction allows for more variety in offspring than asexual reproduction.
a)
True
b)
False
6.
Mendel’s experimented on pea plants.
a)
True
b)
False
7.
In humans, the ability to roll one’s tongue is a dominant trait. Therefore, a tongue roller can only have children who are also tongue rollers.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
Polyploidy is more common in plants than animals.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
A man whose parents both have heart disease is worried that he too will have heart disease. It is possible for him to reduce his risk of the disease by maintaining a healthy diet and by engaging in frequent exercise.
a)
True
b)
False
10.
It is possible to create a karyotype of a fetus.
a)
True
b)
False
11.
Once a person is born, the phenotype is set in place and remains stable throughout the lifetime.
a)
True
b)
False
12.
The human genome is made up of 32 chromosomes.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
A vestigial structure in one organism can be defined as a reduced form of a functional structure in another organism.
a)
True
b)
False
14.
Natural selection is based on the concepts of excess reproduction, variation, inheritance, and the advantages of certain traits.
a)
True
b)
False
15.
Biogeography is the study of why certain species live in certain areas.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
Arthropod’s molt because their exoskeletons are not alive and therefore cannot grow.
a)
True
b)
False
17.
Arthropod muscles are attached to the outside of their skeleton.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
The males of some species of fish engage in courtship displays to attract the attention of females and improve their reproductive success.
a)
True
b)
False
19.
Fishes are a type of vertebrate.
a)
True
b)
False
20.
All mammals are invertebrates.
a)
True
b)
False
21.
Transitional fossils show organisms that have intermediate characters between one species and another, such as between an extinct fossil species and a modern species.
a)
True
b)
False
22.
Stems absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant to the ground
a)
True
b)
False
23.
Entropy is the measure of disorder, or unusable energy in a system.
a)
True
b)
False
24.
Movement of particles over large distances is slow and inefficient.
a)
True
b)
False
25.
The cell cycle has 2 stages: interphase and mitosis.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
Homologous chromosomes are two chromosomes with identical DNA sequences.
a)
True
b)
False
27.
In Chagaff’s rule, T = A and C = G
a)
True
b)
False
28.
Only a small percentage of bacteria cause disease.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
Protists are classified based off of how they obtain nutrients.
a)
True
b)
False
30.
A plant-like protist obtains their nutrients by eating other organisms.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
An organism that uses hydrogen sulfide as a source of energy is categorized as which of the following?
a)
photoautotroph
b)
heteroautotroph
c)
chemoautotroph
d)
thermoautotroph
32.
If yellow, red, and orange pigments exist in the leaves of trees, why are leaves green except for in the autumn?
a)
Chlorophyll is the most abundant of all the pigments.
b)
Chlorophyll molecules are the largest of the all pigment molecules.
c)
Chlorophyll reproduces faster than the other pigments.
d)
Green is the color of the spectrum most easily seen by humans.
33.
Some cancers have a genetic component to them, if a parent has a cancer the children are more likely than the average population to develop the cancer. Why might this be?
a)
Cancers require more than one mutation to occur.
b)
Cancers are inherited but remain dormant until a certain age.
c)
Parents and children are often exposed to similar environmental factors.
d)
Cancers are often recessive traits and require alleles from both parents.
34.
When roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Upon examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both red and white hairs. This trait is one controlled by ____.
a)
multiple alleles
b)
codominant alleles
c)
sex-linked genes
d)
polygenic inheritance
35.
Which of the following could only be a result of nondisjunction during meiosis of sperm formation and not egg formation?
a)
XYY
b)
XXX
c)
XX
d)
XO
36.
A person has a non-normal set of sex chromosomes but is obviously female. Her cells show two Barr bodies. Which condition accounts for these observations?
a)
XXX
b)
XXY
c)
XYY
d)
XO
37.
In 1974, Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer inserted a gene from an African clawed frog into a bacterium. The bacterium produced the protein coded for by the inserted frog gene. The bacterium containing functional frog DNA would be classified as a ____.
a)
clone
b)
DNA fingerprint
c)
plasmid
d)
transgenic organism
38.
What assumption must be made to calculate an age using radiometic dating?
a)
the rate of decay of the isotopes
b)
the amount of the isotopes measured in the material
c)
the age of the material being analyzed
d)
the amount of the isotopes present in the material when it formed
39.
How do fossils demonstrate evidence of evolution?
a)
They show that ancient species share similarities with species now on Earth.
b)
They show evidence of species that are now extinct.
c)
They are the primary source of evidence of natural selection.
d)
Fossils reveal that many species have remained unchanged for millions of years.
40.
What is the term describing the process that occurs when a species evolves into a new species without a physical barrier separating populations?
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
coevolution
c)
sympatric speciation
d)
allopatric speciation
41.
How do hominoids and hominins differ?
a)
Hominoids include only humans and their recent ancestors, while hominins include humans plus anthropoids.
b)
Hominoids include monkeys and apes, while hominins include only humans.
c)
Hominoids include all nonmonkey anthropoids, while hominins include only humans and their extinct relatives.
d)
Hominoids include humans and their extinct ancestors, while hominins include all nonmonkey anthropoids.
42.
What is the name given to an organism with an endoskeleton and a backbone?
a)
invertebrate
b)
vertebrate
c)
mammal
d)
echinoderm
43.
A scientist is observing an ant in the wild. The ant is walking in a circle and moving its antennae around. What is the ant most likely doing?
a)
feeling around for food
b)
listening for sounds of other ants
c)
sensing ground vibrations
d)
trying to detect pheromones
44.
Which set of adaptations enable birds to fly?
a)
ectothermy, feathers, and lightweight bones
b)
endothermy, feathers, and lightweight bones
c)
ectothermy, feathers, and solid bones
d)
endothermy, feathers, and solid bones
45.
Which biologist first demonstrated conditioning in dogs?
a)
Dimitri Mendeleev
b)
Bruno Huber
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
Gregor Mendel
46.
Why did Pavlov’s dog salivate at the sound of a bell?
a)
The dog was habituated to the sound of the bell, so it associated the bell with food.
b)
In an example of operant conditioning, the dog was trained to get a food reward by pressing a lever to make a bell ring.
c)
The dog had imprinted on the bell.
d)
Classical conditioning was used to create an association in the dog’s mind between food and the sound of the bell.
47.
Which of the following would be the result of chlorophyll being the only pigrment available for plants to trap light energy with?
a)
The plant would die
b)
The plant would flourish
c)
nothing
d)
It’s light trapping ability would decrease
48.
What is apoptosis
a)
a plant organelle
b)
cell death
c)
cancer
d)
vestigial organ
49.
How does meiosis maintain a constant number of chromosomes in organisms that reproduce sexually?
a)
fertilization
b)
division
c)
magic
d)
mitosis
50.
Which of the following means “genetic information”?
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
environment
51.
Which of the following influences the expression of your genes?
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
environment
52.
Which of the following means “physical appearance”?
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
environment
53.
Which of the following is an example of selective breeding?
a)
creating a transgenic organism (an organism with genes from 2 different animals)
b)
breeding short-haired dogs that people are less allergic to
54.
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
a)
identifying certain genes and moving them from one organism to another
b)
mating 2 organisms of the same species with the hope of getting the best traits of each
55.
How do scientists learn about organsims from the past when studying fossils?
a)
The can recreate an EXACT replica of what the organism looked like.
b)
They can get the animals genes by extracting DNA from the fossils.
c)
They can recreate the animals using DNA from misquotes
d)
From the way the rock is formed, scientists can determine approximately when the organism lived and what the climate was like.
56.
Which of the following accuratly describes Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
a)
animals don’t ever truly evolve
b)
Some genetic variations or more advantageous than others - those variations get passed on to offspring.
c)
evolution is due to genetically identical organisms mating
57.
Which of the following is not a main characteristics of an animal?
a)
heterotroph
b)
movement
c)
autotroph
d)
multicellular
58.
What environmental changes in Earth might favor the evolution of more reptile-like organisms?
a)
warm, damp
b)
hot, dry
c)
cold, wet
d)
cool, dry
59.
Which of the following is NOT a way the human genome is used in forensics?
a)
fingerprinting
b)
identifying suspects
c)
identifying the bodies of soldiers
d)
cure diseases
60.
Infer why chloroplasts are found mostly in the leaves of plants.
a)
The large surface area of leaves allows for maximum light absorption.
b)
The waxy coating on the surface of leaves helps prevent evaporation.
c)
Chlorophyll interferes with the xylem and phloem in the stems and trunks of plants.
d)
The large surface area of leaves allows for contact with oxygen.
61.
DNA replication occurs during
a)
anaphase.
b)
interphase.
c)
metaphase.
d)
prophase.
62.
Gregor Mendel is best known for his research on __________ plants.
a)
wheat
b)
pea
c)
pretty
d)
pineapple
63.
Two genes are considered linked when they are located close to each other on the same _________.
a)
gene
b)
cell
c)
chromosome
d)
plasmid
64.
A phenotype that results from a dominant allele must have at least _____ dominant allele(s) present in the parent(s).
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
four
65.
Which of the following sequences of processes correctly reflects the central dogma?
a)
protein synthesis, transcription, translation
b)
protein synthesis, translation, transcription
c)
transcription, translation, protein synthesis
d)
translation, transcription, protein synthesis
66.
Which enzyme is responsible for unzipping and unwinding the DNA molecule?
a)
Helicase
b)
Ligase
c)
Polymerase
67.
Which molecule is responsible for adding more nucleotides to the strand?
a)
helicase
b)
ligase
c)
polymerase
68.
Which enzyme links 2 sections of DNA together?
a)
helicase
b)
ligase
c)
polymerase
69.
Why are prions unlike any other infectious disease?
a)
They are extremely small.
b)
They are both infectious and hereditary.
c)
They affect only specific species.
d)
They affect brain tissue.
70.
the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe
a)
energy
b)
thermodynamics
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
anaerobic process
71.
the ability to do work
a)
energy
b)
thermodynamics
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
anaerobic process
72.
requires oxygen
a)
energy
b)
thermodynamics
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
anaerobic process
73.
structures that contain genetic information
a)
cell cycle
b)
chromosomes
c)
carcinogens
d)
gamete
74.
substances and agents known to cause cancer
a)
cell cycle
b)
chromosomes
c)
carcinogens
d)
gamete
75.
cells with half the number of chromosomes
a)
cell cycle
b)
chromosomes
c)
carcinogens
d)
gamete
76.
the process during which chromosomal segments are exchanged between homologous chromosomes
a)
crossing over
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
phenotype
77.
aa
a)
crossing over
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
phenotype
78.
Aa
a)
crossing over
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
phenotype
79.
forms of inheritance determined by more than two alleles
a)
pedigree
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
multiple alleles
80.
a diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations
a)
pedigree
b)
codominance
c)
incomplete dominance
d)
multiple alleles
81.
heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate
a)
pedigree
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
multiple alleles
82.
Pairs of homologous chromosomes arranged in decreasing size to produce a micrograph
a)
karyotype
b)
telomeres
c)
selective breeding
d)
inbreeding
83.
process in which two closely related organisms are bred to have desired traits and eliminate undesired ones
a)
karyotype
b)
telomeres
c)
selective breeding
d)
inbreeding
84.
total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell
a)
genome
b)
transgenic organisms
c)
binary fission
d)
conjugation
85.
organisms that are genetically engineered - made by inserting a gene from another organism
a)
genome
b)
transgenic organisms
c)
binary fission
d)
conjugation
86.
division of a cell into two genetically identical cells
a)
genome
b)
transgenic organisms
c)
binary fission
d)
conjugation
87.
two prokaryotes exchange genetic information
a)
genome
b)
transgenic organisms
c)
binary fission
d)
conjugation
100 %
