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Sci 8 Unit E 1.0 & 2.0

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is not a source of freshwater?

a)

rivers

b)

oceans

c)

polar ice caps

d)

glaciers

2.

Fresh water flows from the tops of mountains and hills downward in moving bodies of water known as

a)

glaciers

b)
oceans
c)
rivers
d)
lakes
3.

An ocean is larger than a lake.  Another difference is that most lakes have

a)
small waves
b)
small fish
c)
green plants
d)
fresh water
4.
What source of water covers most of the Earth's surface?
a)
Lakes
b)
Rivers
c)

Polar ice

d)
Oceans
5.

The amount of salt in the water is called

a)

watershed

b)

pH

c)

salinity

d)

hard water

6.

Which celestial body has the greatest effect on Earth's tides?

a)

Sun

b)

Saturn

c)

Moon 

d)

Venus

7.
How do water particles move within a wave?
a)

towards the top of the wave

b)

in a circular pattern

c)

They do not move at all.

d)

towards the shore

8.
The largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth is found in 
a)

glacier and ice water

b)

potable water

c)

groundwater

d)

surface water

9.

Fresh water makes up what percentage of the Earth's water?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

4%

d)

3%

10.

Most of the fresh water on Earth is

a)
in the ocean
b)
underground
c)

frozen in ice caps and glaciers

d)
in rivers
11.

Which river has a steeper slope?

a)

a young, mountain stream

b)

an old, wide river

12.
Which river is relatively flat and has a wide floodplain?
a)

a young, mountain stream

b)

an old, mature river

13.

This is the term for the amount of salt dissolved in water:

a)
salinity
b)
salutation
c)
saturation
d)
saltiness
14.
Rivers are larger, deeper and flow ___ than streams.
a)
slower
b)
faster
15.
How do people use water from freshwater ecosystems?
a)
drinking
b)
bathing
c)
crop irrigation
d)
all of the above
16.

Which water quality indicator can be determined by measuring how much light is able to travel through water? 

a)
turbidity
b)
temperature
c)

pH

d)
dissolved oxygen
17.

Which water quality criteria is most important for aquatic organisms?

a)

dissolved oxygen

b)

temperature (°C)

c)

turbidity

d)

odour

18.
A person should never drink salty water because their cells would
a)
shrink
b)
expand
c)
stay the same
d)

burst

19.

The distillation process uses ...

a)

evaporation, then precipitation

b)

precipitation, then evaporation

c)

condensation, then evaporation

d)

evaporation, then condensation

20.

The minerals that cause hard water are:

a)

Calcium and Manganese

b)

Calcium and Magnesium

c)

Carbon and Magnesium

d)

Carbon and Manganese

21.
How much of the freshwater is groundwater?
a)
3%
b)
12%
c)
22%
d)
50%
22.

Water that is suitable for drinking is known as

a)

evaporated

b)

grey

c)

potable

d)

distilled

23.

What is the movement of soil and rocks from one place to another?

a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)

waves

d)
erosion
24.

How does sediment end up in a river delta?

a)
erosion
b)
deposition
c)
weathering
d)

trenches

25.

What are the names of the two processes that move soil and solids on Earth's surface? 

a)
Erosion and Abrasion
b)
Erosion and Deposition 
c)
Deposition and Abrasion 
d)
Constructive and Destructive 
26.

The huge pieces of the earth’s crust are called ____________________. 

a)

zones

b)

plates

c)

platters

d)

sheds

27.
What is a watershed?
a)

land that collects and channels water from small bodies of water to a larger body of water

b)
the shape of the land determined by elevation
c)

a natural stream with a considerable  volume of water

d)
a river and all its tributaries
28.
What is a watershed?
a)

the land that was affected by a glacier

b)

water that drains directly into the ocean

c)

all the area that drains into one main lake or river

d)

an area of tectonic plate boundary

29.

_____ are lines of rock deposited at the foot or along the sides of glaciers.

a)

Eskers

b)

Till

c)

Erratics

d)

Moraines

30.

A _____ is a meandering narrow ridge formed when water, flowing in a tunnel underneath a melting glacier, deposited sediment.

a)

drumlin

b)

moraine

c)

esker

d)

kettle lake

31.

A _____ is a tear-drop-shaped hill created by ice flow over and around glacial deposits. (Canadian English spelling and conventions)

a)

drumlin

b)

esker

c)

moraine

d)

erratic

32.

When a glacier retreats and large, partially buried, ice chunks are left behind to melt, these are formed:

a)

Moraine Lake

b)

Prairie pothole

c)

Kettle Lake

d)

Drumlin Lake

33.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving over land?
a)
glacier
b)
iceberg
c)

beach

d)
dune
34.
Erosion is the picking up and removing of rock pieces and other particles.
a)
true
b)
false
35.
When a river slows down, most of the sediment is ....
a)
deposited
b)
carried
c)
water-borne
d)
eroded
36.

Tides are caused mainly by the differences in how much gravity from the moon and the sun pulls on different parts of the Earth's oceans. 

a)
True
b)
False
37.

How many low tides and high tides occur in a day?

a)

1 low tide, 1 high tide

b)

4 low tides, 4 high tides

c)

3 low tides, 3 high tides

d)

2 low tides, 2 high tides

38.

The Moon has a greater influence on Earth's tides than the Sun because...

a)

it is smaller than the Sun

b)

it revolves around the Earth

c)

it is closer to the Earth

39.

What forms when tectonic plates are moving away from each other? 

a)

trench

b)

ridge

c)

shelf

d)

tsunami

40.

What kind of plate movement is happening to form the trench?

a)

plates moving apart

b)

plates coming together

c)

plates moving side to side

41.

How are the plates moving to form the ocean ridge?

a)

apart from each other

b)

towards each other

42.

During an El Niño current, it rains

a)

more

b)

less

43.

During a La Niña current, it rains

a)

more

b)

less

44.

When a glacier is experiencing more melting than snow accumulation, it is said to be in a period of _____.

a)

drifting

b)

retreating 

c)

advancing 

d)

bursting

45.

Why are climates near water more moderate than in other places?

a)

Water gives up its heat quickly.

b)

Water doesn't freeze.

c)

Water takes the heat from the land.

d)

Water keeps its heat for longer.

46.

All the water on Earth can generally be categorised as

a)

fresh and salt

b)

oceans and lakes

c)

tropical and temperate

d)

rivers and lakes

47.

The total amount of dissolved salts in water is referred to as the water's

a)

purity

b)

salinity

c)

concentration

d)

chlorine content

48.

The Rocky Mountains create what is called a Continental Divide. All streams and rivers that flow to the west of the Continental Divide flow into the ...

a)

Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

b)

Arctic Ocean

c)

Atlantic Ocean

d)

Pacific Ocean

49.

Currents are streams of water that move within a larger body of water. They can be caused by any of the following:

a)

wind

b)

earthquakes

c)

temperature differences

d)

Earth's rotation

e)

salinity differences in the water

50.

The climate of Labrador and Northern Newfoundland is quite cool compared to areas in Europe at the same latitude. One reason for this climate in Labrador and Northern Newfoundland is the ...

a)

North Atlantic Current

b)

Labrador Current

c)

Gulf Stream

d)

Canary Current

51.

Which of the following should not be present (in any amount) for water to be considered potable?

a)

Minerals

b)

Toxins

c)

Bacteria

d)

pH

52.

Which technique for converting saltwater to freshwater requires pressure and a filter with small holes in it?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Distillation

c)

Distillation and evaporation

d)

Reverse osmosis

53.

What is the difference between a current and a wave?

a)

Waves only happen in freshwater and currents only happen in saltwater.

b)

Waves involve the movement of large bodies of water and currents happen on the surface.

c)

Waves are streams of water that flow deep inside tides.

d)

Waves happen on the surface and currents are streams of water that flow inside larger bodies of water.

54.

A river’s sediment load is the amount of …

a)

organisms it is able to sustain

b)

water-borne materials it can carry

c)

pollution it is able to filter out

d)

erosion it can make as it flows

55.

What is erosion?

a)

when sediment is deposited.

b)

when sediment is picked up and moved.

c)

when sediment mixes with the water.

d)

when the sediment mixes with the soil.

56.

This is a picture of a:

a)

drumlin

b)

esker

c)

moraine

d)

kettle

57.

Lethbridge (a city in Southern Alberta) and Vancouver have similar latitudes.

Why is Lethbridge so much colder in the winter?

a)

The ocean near Vancouver moderates the city's temperature

b)

cold air currents hit Lethbridge from Saskatchewan

c)

Lethbridge is always colder then Vancouver

d)

Alberta is always colder than BC.

58.
Glaciers form when _____.
a)
less snow falls than melts 
b)
more snow falls than melts 
c)
less rain falls than freezes 
d)
more rain falls than freezes 
59.

Saltwater makes up ____ of the earth's water supply.

a)

97%

b)

66%

c)

3%

d)

50%

60.

True or False? If water is clear, colourless, and odourless, then it is safe to drink.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

Reverse osmosis is a process by which

a)

viruses and microorganisms are destroyed

b)

water is evaporated and then condensed, forming pure water

c)

mechanical pressure allows only water particles to pass through a membrane

d)

water changes state

62.

Which underwater landform is this?

a)

trench

b)

ridge

63.

Which type of underwater landform is this?

a)

trench

b)

ocean ridge

64.

Tectonic plates are large sections of the ___________.

a)

mantle

b)

core

c)

crust

65.

Area of a river profile where the river may overflow its banks:

a)

delta

b)

flood plain

c)

source

d)

tributaries

66.

A delta is an example of

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

67.

Sea caves are coastal landform made by

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

68.

Fast rivers

a)

have high deposition

b)

have high clarity

c)

have high erosion

d)

are in shallow, wide valleys

e)

are on steep mountain slopes

69.

What is a floodplain?

a)

The area near a river that floods when water levels get to be too high.

b)

The area near a river that looks boring or dull.

c)

The process of water levels going over a river or stream bank.

70.

With a steeper slope, we would expect to see...

a)

less erosion

b)

more erosion

71.
The steeper the slope, the ________ the stream.
a)
Slower
b)
Faster
c)
Curvier
72.
Sediments are deposited in a river delta because the 
a)
velocity of the river decreased
b)
force of gravity decreased
c)
volume of the river increases
d)
gradient of the river increases
73.
What is sediment?
a)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
b)
the top layer of the soil
c)
decaying plant or animal material 
74.

Compared to the stream speed between point X and point Y, the stream speed between point Y and point Z is most likely

a)

greater, since the slope of the land decreases

b)

greater, since the slope of the land increases

c)

less, since the slope of the land decreases

d)

less, since the slope of the land increases

75.
What process creates deltas?
a)
Deposition by water
b)
Deposition by ice (glaciers)
c)
Deposition by wind
76.

The process in which sediment settles out (drops to the bottom) of the water that is carrying it

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

77.
The process by which small pieces of rocks and soil are carried away to new locations is called...
a)
deposition
b)
erosion
78.

Which of the following would NOT primarily affect the amount of water-borne sediment in a stream?

a)

The speed of the water.

b)

The slope of the stream.

c)

The size of the particles in the stream.

d)

The temperature of the water.

79.

The slower the stream, the more ________________ ocuurs.

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

80.

Which of the following would increase erosion?

a)

Increase the water temperature.

b)

Increase the amount of water flowing.

c)

Reduce the speed of the water.

d)

Reduce the slope of the bed

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