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Biotechnology and Genetics Unit Review

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Another name for GMO (Genetically Modified Organsim) is ____________.
a)
Transgenic
b)
Transplanted
c)
Transducted
d)
Plasmid
2.
How do you create recombinant DNA?
a)
First, cut the gene and plasmid with the same restriction enzyme. Second, insert the gene into the plasmid. 
b)
First, insert the gene into the plasmid.  Second, cut the gene and plasmid with the same restriction enzyme. 
c)
First, cut the gene and plasmid with different restriction enzymes. Second, insert the gene into the plasmid. 
d)
First, insert the gene into the plasmid.  Second, cut the gene and plasmid with different restriction enzymes. 
3.
What is a restriction enzyme?
a)
Enzyme that cuts DNA
b)
Enzyme that add to the DNA strand
c)
Enzyme that builds proteins
d)
Enzyme that breaks down lipids
4.
Creating a transgenic organism is an example of _____________. 
a)
PCR
b)
Genetic Engineering
c)
Gel Electrophorsis
d)
Gene Therapy
5.
True or False: Gel Electrophoresis allow us to analyze physical characteristics?
a)
True
b)
False
6.
True or False: Gel electrophoresis allow scientist to compare DNA of different individuals.
a)
True
b)
False
7.
Who is the father?
a)
Dad 1
b)
Dad 2
c)
Dad 3 
d)
can not be determined
8.
Is it possible for D to be the child of A and C based on marker 3?
a)
Yes
b)
No
9.
Genome is 
a)
RNA
b)
Genetic makeup 
c)
a step in PCR
d)
used to help restriction enzymes
10.
A clone is 
a)
recombinant DNA
b)
a transgenic organsim
c)
plasmid
d)
genetically identical 
11.
Step 1?
a)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the plasmid once
b)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the plasmid twice
c)
Foreign DNA is inserted into plasmid
d)
Recombinant DNA is cut
12.
Step 3?
a)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the plasmid once
b)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the DNA twice
c)
Recombinant DNA is inserted in bacteria
d)
Selected gene from foreign DNA is insterted into plasmid
13.
Step 4? 
a)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the plasmid once
b)
Rectriction Enzyme, EcoRI, cuts the DNA twice
c)
elected gene from foreign DNA is insterted into plasmid
d)
Recombinant DNA is inserted into bacteria
14.
What is recombinant DNA? (*hint think recombining) 
a)
DNA brought together from two sources
b)
Original Plasmid
c)
DNA that restriction enzyme cuts
d)
a cell with DNA
15.
True or False: Stem Cells can only become one type of cell.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
A cloned daughter organism receives __________ from the identical parent organism. 
a)
An egg 
b)
The DNA (nucleus) 
c)
The DNA and egg 
17.
Which of the following is true about plasmids 
a)
small circular piece of DNA
b)
small circular piece of RNA
c)
located in bacteria 
d)
small circular piece of DNA that is located in bacteria
18.
Name the two types of stem cells. 
a)
Reproductive and Therapeautic
b)
Adult (bone marrow) and Reproductive
c)
Embryonic and Therapeutic
d)
Embryonic and Adult (bone marrow) 
19.
True or False: EcoRI is a specific type of restriction enzyme. 
a)
True
b)
False
20.
Which of the following is not a concern of biotechnology?
a)
Ethics concerns with cloning humans.
b)
Health concerns about eating genetically modified foods.
c)
Concerns that we will harvest too much food for the global population.
d)
Environmental concerns of releasing genetically modified organisms into an ecosystem.
21.
What is a benefit of using biotechnologies in agriculture?
a)
Increase modifications
b)
Increase resistance
c)
Decreased nutrition
d)
Increase crop yield
22.
Which is an example of a transgenic animal ?
a)
Dog
b)
Lion
c)
Mouse that carries a florescent green protein
d)
Cat
23.
Which is a use of genetically engineered bacteria? 
a)
making human insulin
b)
DNA fingerprint for blood left at a crime scene 
c)
producing corn that is resistant to herbicides
24.
A cloned pig has a diploid chromosome number of 35. What is the diploid chromosome number of the pig cell that was used to produce the clone? 
a)
17.5
b)
70
c)
35
d)
23
25.
Which best describes stem cells? 
a)
 stem cells can only come from embryos 
b)
stem cells can only come from adult bone marrow 
c)
stem cells do not ever change
d)
stem cells can develop into different specialized cells 
26.
This diagram represents which of the following? 
a)
Gel electrophoresis
b)
Gene therapy
c)
Cloning 
d)
Genetic engineering
27.
Which of the following cuts DNA into small pieces?
a)
dissolving blue dye
b)
restriction enzymes
c)
surgically cutting DNA under microscope 
28.
Two humans believe they are related. Which would be the best technique to determine if they are related? 
a)
testing blood types
b)
comparing DNA
c)
examining karyotypes
d)
testing for genetic disorders
29.
 This diagram shows the DNA fingerprints of a common ancestor of Deer Species. Which deer species is most related to the common ancestor
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
30.
Which is a step in the process of producing transgenic bacteria?  
a)
A plasmid is used to replace a faulty gene in a human cell.
b)
A human gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid. 
c)
A chain of bacterial amino acids is inserted into human DNA.
31.
 Which is one reason scientists produce transgenic organisms? 
a)
to create new habitats for endangered species
b)
to control microorganisms in the soil 
c)
to prevent habitats from being destroyed
d)
to treat certain types of diseases
32.
Which technique would most likely be used by forensic scientists?  
a)
Cloning
b)
Gene Therapy
c)
DNA Fingerprinting
d)
Karyotyping
33.
A new variety of rice called golden rice has been genetically modified to have vitamin A. People in starving countries can eat this rice and receive the vitamin A. Without this rice people go blind from vitamin A deficiency. What word(s) below best describes this rice?
a)
electrophoresis
b)
DNA fingerprinting
c)
G.M.O
d)
clone
34.
The blood stain most likely belongs to 
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
35.
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
a)
To determine who is the child's father
b)
Link suspects to a crime scene
c)
determine if a family relationship exist between two people
d)
all of the above
36.
B=brown eyes
b= blue eyes
What is true about two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
37.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
38.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
39.
If a heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short pea plant, what are the possible genotypes of the future offspring?
a)
100% Tt
b)
50% Tt, 50% tt
c)
75%Tt, 25%tt
d)
25%TT, 50%Tt, 25%tt
40.
This is an example of what?
a)
Complete dominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
None of the above
41.
If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotypic ratio?
a)
1:3
b)
3:1
c)
1:2:1
d)
2:2
42.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
43.
A corn plant heterozygous for tall sprouts mates with a corn plant with short sprouts. If tall sprouts are dominant, how many different phenotypes are possible in the offspring?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
44.
If a Homozygous red snapdragon and a Heterozygous pink snapdragon were crossed - what percentage of the offspring would be homozygous white?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
45.
Snapdragon flowers come in red, pink and white.  What type of inheritance is this?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
46.
A heterozygous yellow pea plant's genotype would be:
a)
YY
b)
yy
c)
Yy
d)
Yg
47.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
48.
Which of the following cell types is formed by meiosis?
a)
muscle cells
b)
skin cells
c)
sperm cells
d)
blood cells
49.
Which best describes the process shown?
a)
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is ltered
b)
segregation of sister chromatids
c)
condensation and segregation of the alleles
d)
crossing-over which alleles are exchanged
50.
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
offspring are identical to parents
b)
offspring are resistant to viruses
c)
offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs
d)
offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information
51.
How many times in meiosis does the cell divided?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
3
d)
1
52.
What phase is  shown in the picture?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
anaphase 2
c)
metaphase 1
d)
telophase 1
53.
When two haploid sex fuse together during fertilization they become ______________ 
a)
haploid cells
b)
meiosis
c)
mitochondria
d)
diploid cells
54.
The sex of an offspring is determined by ______________________.
a)
the mother
b)
the father
c)
the mother and the father
d)
by the environment
55.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
56.
Term for homozygous organisms that display two dominant phenotypes at the same time
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
linked genes
57.
Red/green color blindness is a recessive trait.  A woman who is a carrier for this allele marries a normal-vision male.  What is the probability that they will have a child who is color blind?
a)
1/4
b)
1/2
c)
3/4
d)
1
58.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
59.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; what you see.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
60.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
61.
The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
redigree
62.
An organism's appearance is known as its
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
pedigree
63.
Sex cells are produced through the process of
a)
mitosis
b)
cytokinesis
c)
binary fission
d)
meiosis
64.

physical traits

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

homozygous dominant

d)

heterozygous

e)

Homozygous recessive

65.

genetic makeup

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

homozygous dominant

d)

heterozygous

e)

Homozygous recessive

66.

same alleles

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

e)

genetics

67.

different alleles

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

e)

genetics

68.

alternate form of a gene

a)

alleles

b)

dominant

c)

recessive

d)

monohybrid

e)

dihybrid

69.

will mask over/cover up another allele

a)

alleles

b)

dominant

c)

recessive

d)

monohybrid

e)

dihybrid

70.

only seen if inherited from both parents

a)

alleles

b)

dominant

c)

recessive

d)

monohybrid

e)

dihybrid

71.

two traits

a)

alleles

b)

dominant

c)

recessive

d)

monohybrid

e)

dihybrid

72.

inheritance of one trait

a)

alleles

b)

dominant

c)

recessive

d)

monohybrid

e)

dihybrid

73.

Principles: alleles are inherited randomly

a)

dominance

b)

independent assortment

c)

segregation

74.

father of genetics

a)

Watson and crick

b)

Rosalind franklin

c)

karl Landsteiner

d)

gregor mendel

75.

Principles: alleles are separated into different gametes

a)

dominance

b)

independent assortment

c)

segregation

76.

Principles: one allele will mask over another allele

a)

dominance

b)

independent assortment

c)

segregation

77.

Type of inheritance: Tt

a)

co- dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

complete dominance

78.

Type of inheritance: superscript allele

a)

co- dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

complete dominance

79.

Type of inheritance: heterozygous is a blend

a)

co- dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

complete dominance

80.

Type of inheritance: two different letters are used to represent the alleles (R= red, W = white)

a)

co- dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

complete dominance

81.

Type of inheritance: dominant and recessive alleles

a)

co- dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

complete dominance

82.

how many alleles are in each gamete in a monohybrid cross

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

83.

how many alleles are in each gamete in a dihybrid cross

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

84.

in blood typing there are 3 alleles so it classified as which one below

a)

complete dominance

b)

co- dominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

incomplete dominance

85.

If Bob is

A- (Heterozygous for ABO gene and homozygous for Rh factor) and Lucy is O+

(heterozygous for Rh factor), could they have a child that is negative?

a)

Yes

b)

No

86.

A lady

claims to have an O- child, but she is AB+. Is this possible look for the best

explanation below?

a)

No, she

cannot have a negative blood type child because she is positive.

b)

No, she can only give “D” for the Rh factor.

c)

No, she

cannot give an “i” allele to her child.

d)

Yes, she

can give her child an “i” allele.

e)

Yes, she

can because she can have a negative blood type child.

87.

If a man is

AB+ (heterozygous for Rh factor) and he marries Maddie who is B – (heterozygous

for ABO gene), what is their offspring genotypic summary?

a)

IAIBDD 4/16, IAiDd 4/16, IAidd 4/16, IBiDd 4/16

b)

IAIBDD 2/16, IAIBdd 2/16, IAiDd 2/16, IAidd

2/16, IBiDd 2/16, IBidd 2/16, iiDd 2/16, iiDD 2/16

c)

IAIBDD 2/16, IAIBdd 2/16, IAiDd 2/16, IAidd

2/16, IBiDd 2/16, IBidd 2/16, IBIBDd

2/16, IBIBdd 2/16

d)

IAIBDD 2/16, IAIBdd 2/16, IAiDd 2/16, IAidd

2/16, IBiDd 2/16, IBiDD 2/16, IBIBDd

2/16, IBIBDD 2/16

88.

If a man is homozygous A+ and he marries an A- female, what is their phenotype summary?

a)

100% A-

b)

100% A+

c)

50% A+ and 50% A-

d)

50% A+, 25% A- , and 25% O-

89.

protein found on the surface of cells

a)

antibodies

b)

amino acid

c)

antigens

d)

anti-serum

90.

Proteins that are created by your white blood cells to fight off foreign substances that

invade the body.

a)

antibodies

b)

amino acid

c)

antigens

d)

anti-serum

91.

if anti- A causes agglutination and no other anti-serum causes agglutination, what blood type do you have

a)

A-

b)

B+

c)

A+

d)

O-

92.

If a mother

has B- and her husband is AB+, could they have a child that has incompatible

blood from mom?

a)

yes, if the child is positive mom would make antibody Rh so would fight off baby blood type

b)

No, mom would be 100% compatible no matter that childs blood type

93.
Down Syndrome is caused by 
a)
mitotic cell division in the brain
b)
multiple alleles in genes
c)
development of an unfertilized egg
d)
nondisjunction during meiosis
94.
Chromosomes 1-22 in a karyotype are also known as ______________.
a)
sex chromosomes
b)
autosomes
c)
barr bodies
d)
trisomy
95.
The following picture is known as a ___________________.
a)
punnett square
b)
pedigree
c)
karyotype
d)
gamete
96.
Downs syndrome may result from 
a)
the presence of an extra chromosome
b)
the absence of a single chromosome in a zygote
c)
the mutation of a gene in a zygote
d)
failure of a chromosome to replicate in mitosis
97.
_______________ is a sex linked hereditary disease in which clotting factors are missing from the blood. 
a)
PKU
b)
Sickle Cell Anemia
c)
Cystic Fibrosis
d)
hemophillia
98.
The following is a __________________.
a)
a girl with Turner syndrome
b)
a girl with Downs Syndrome
c)
a boy with Turner Syndrome
d)
a boy with Downs Syndrome
99.
Traits controlled by genes on the X-chromosome are called___________.
a)
autosomes
b)
sex-linked
c)
codominant
d)
incomplete dominance
100.
If T= normal and t= Tay Sachs Diseases, then what would be the genotype of individual E?
a)
TT
b)
Tt
c)
tt
d)
TS
101.
Human females produce egg cells that have _____.
a)
one X chromosome and one Y chromosome
b)
only one X chromosome
c)
only one Y chromosome
d)
two Y chromosomes
102.
What percentage of offspring will be male?
a)
50%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
100%
103.
How many chromosomes are in a normal human karyotype?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
47
d)
12
104.
A man with type A blood and woman with type B blood have kids, what are the possible blood type?
a)
A, AB, B, 0
b)
type A or type O
c)
Type AB only
d)
type B only
105.
What does a circle represent in a pedigree?
a)
girl 
b)
boy
c)
parents
d)
children
106.
What does a square represent in a pedigree chart?
a)
girl
b)
boy
c)
parents
d)
children
107.
What do horizontal lines represent in a pedigree?
a)
boys
b)
girls
c)
connect male and female parents
d)
connect parents to offspring
108.
What do horizontal lines represent in a pedigree?
a)
boys
b)
girls
c)
connect male and female parents
d)
connect parents to offspring
109.
Assume the trait shown is dominant, what is the genotype of mom in the 1st generation?
a)
homozygous recessive
b)
heterozygous dominant
c)
homozygous dominant
d)
heterozygous recessive
110.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
5
111.
Which of the following is a disorder caused by a dominant allele?
a)
Klinefelters Syndrome
b)
PKU
c)
Huntington's Disease
d)
Cystic Fibrosis
112.
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called?
a)
sticky ends
b)
frame shift
c)
duplication
d)
nondisjunction
113.
No baby has ever been born without a/an _______.
a)
an x-chromosome
b)
a Y-chromosome
c)
24th- autosomal pair
d)
25th autosomal pair
114.
What is used to cut DNA into segments?
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
scissors
c)
restriction enzymes
d)
amylase
115.
In gel electrophoresis, which fragments stay closest to the wells?
a)
the biggest fragments
b)
the bluest fragments
c)
the smallest fragments
d)
bananas
116.
Scientists studying the human genome used _____ to find genes.
a)
promoters
b)
open reading frames
c)
sex chromosomes
d)
ECOR1
117.
Why is it important for scientists to compare many genomes to each other?
a)
to determine that we are all identical
b)
so they can find how the human genome varies
c)
to see who is most genetically superior
d)
to find out how humanity is going to end
118.
A boy who is colorblind inherited the disorder from his ______.
a)
mom
b)
sister
c)
dad
d)
grandmother
119.
A child is diagnosed with a rare disease. Neither parent has the disease. How did the child inherit the disorder?
a)
The disorder is dominant and carried by a parent.
b)
The disorder is recessive and carried by both parents.
c)
The disorder is sex-linked and inherited only from the father.
d)
A mutation in the child occurred.
120.
Two healthy parents have a child with CF. What is the best explanation?
a)
Not the result of a genetic disorder.
b)
Both parents carry the recessive gene.
c)
CF is a chromosomal mutation and not related to parental genotypes.
d)
CF is caused by a mutation in pair 21.
121.
A human genetic defect that results in the failure to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine is ___.
a)
Turner syndrome
b)
Down syndrome
c)
phenylketonuria
d)
cystic fibrosis
122.

A characteristic of an organism that is determined by many genes.

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Sex-linked trait

c)

Polygenic

d)

Pedigree

123.

A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.

a)

Sex-linked trait

b)

polygenic

c)

carrier

d)

pedigree

124.

A research effort to sequence and locate the entire collection of genes in human cells.

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Human genome project

c)

Sex-linked trait

d)

Pedigree

125.

A technique that places a gene into a cell to correct a hereditary disease or to improve the genome.

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Human genome project

c)

Pedigree

d)

Sex-linked trait

126.

A trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome or the Y chromosome in humans.

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Sex-linked trait

c)

Human genome project

d)

Pedigree

127.

An inherited disease or disorder that is caused by a mutation in a gene or by a chromosomal defect.

a)

Genetic disorders

b)

Linked genes

c)

Carriers

d)

Genetic counseling

128.

In biology, an individual who has one copy of a recessive autosomal allele that causes disease in the homozygous condition.

a)

Genetic counseling

b)

Genetic disorders

c)

Linked genes

d)

Carrier

129.

The chromosomes XX are the ____.

a)

female

b)

male

130.

The chromosomes XY are the ____.

a)

female

b)

male

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Biology Winter Final Online 2019/20

128 questions

Biology Winter Final Online 2019/20

quiz

Worksheet

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8th - 11th Grade

Genetics Review Quiz

127 questions

Genetics Review Quiz

quiz

Worksheet

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9th - 12th Grade