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WorksheetsA&P13 Endocrine System
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 45mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A hormone is a ___ and the target cell is ___.
a)
protein that stimultes other cells; the source of hormones secretions.
b)
regulatory molecule that controls the secretions of other cells; a cell that sythesizes hormones
c)
molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones
d)
molecule; a cell that does not have receptors
2.
Secretions that affects only nearby cells are termed
a)
endocrine
b)
parcrine
c)
exocrine
d)
autocrine
3.
Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands
a)
secrete only into the bloodstream.
b)
secrete only hormones.
c)
secretes through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior.
d)
only secrete salts.
4.
A sweat gland is an example a(n) ______ gland.
a)
exocrine
b)
paracrine
c)
endocrine
d)
autocrine
5.
"Endocrine" means
a)
hormone synthesis.
b)
internal secretion.
c)
acts upon target cells.
d)
fast-acting compund.
6.
The specificity of hormones action derives from
a)
target cell receptors that are uniques for each hormone.
b)
target cell receptors that are unique for all steroid hormones.
c)
target cell receptors that are unique for all nonsteriod hormones.
d)
target cell receptors that bind onpy certain neurotransmitters.
7.
Hormones
a)
regulate metbolism.
b)
have functions in growth, reproduction, and development.
c)
help regulate water and electrolyte balance and blood pressure.
d)
do all of the above.
8.
Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system
a)
do not use receptors.
b)
may have a longer lasting effect.
c)
takes only seconds.
d)
is not essential to life.
9.
All hormones are
a)
steroids.
b)
proteins.
c)
inorganic compounds.
d)
organic compounds.
10.
Steroid hormones
a)
are soluble in lipids.
b)
combine with protein receptor molecules.
c)
cause messanger RNA synthesis.
d)
all of the above.
11.
Nonsteroid hormones cause _____ in the their target cells.
a)
cyclic AMP to become ATP
b)
cyclic AMP to be decomposed
c)
activation of adenylate cyclase
d)
inaction of adenylate cyclase
12.
A nonsteroid hormone acts on a target cell by
a)
causing sythesis of a second messenger.
b)
stimulating cell division.
c)
promoting phagocytosis.
d)
directly causing protein synthesis.
13.
A steroid hormone acts on a target cell by
a)
causing a second messenger to be formed.
b)
causing the cell divide.
c)
promoting phagocytosis.
d)
directly causing protein synthesis.
14.
Hormones that the posterior pituitary secretes are sythesized in the
a)
posterior pituiary.
b)
hypothalamus.
c)
thalamus.
d)
anterior pituiary.
15.
An upregulated cell has an increase in
a)
the amount of DNA in the mucleus.
b)
the number of molecules the cell secretes.
c)
the concentration of ligands that bind to th receptors.
d)
the number of receptors available for binding.
16.
Upregulation of a target cell can occur in reponse to
a)
prolonged decrease in the level of a hormone.
b)
prolonged increase in the level of a hormone.
c)
signals from antagonistic hormone products.
d)
signals from the posterior pituiary.
17.
Down-regulation of a target cell can occur in response to
a)
prolonged decrease in the level of a hormone.
b)
prolonged increase in the level of a hormone.
c)
signals from antagonistic hormone products.
d)
signals from the posterior pituiary.
18.
____ controls hormone concentrations.
a)
Positive feedback
b)
Negative feedback
c)
Muscle contraction
d)
Exposure to sun
19.
A hormone with an effect that lasts for days would have a
a)
short half-life
b)
no half-life
c)
long half-life
d)
whole life
20.
A hormone has a half-life of 20 minutes. After an hour, _____ percent of the original number of molecules remains.
a)
0
b)
12.5
c)
25
d)
50
21.
Tropic hormones
a)
only function in the tropics
b)
function in only one sex.
c)
stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones.
d)
block the actions of hormones that endocrine glands secrete.
22.
Nerve fibers in the posterior lobe of the pituiary gland secrete
a)
thyroid-stimulating hormone.
b)
adrenocortiotropic hormone.
c)
growth hormone.
d)
antidiuretic hormone.
23.
Growth hormone
a)
enhances the movement of amino acids into cells.
b)
increases the rate of protein synthesis.
c)
increases the rate of fat metabolism.
d)
all of the above.
24.
Which of the following hormones primarily aafects the reproductive organs?
a)
Follicle-stimulated hormone
b)
Adrenocortiotropic hormone.
c)
Prolactin-releasiin factor
d)
Growth hormone
25.
Target cells for releasing hormones are in the
a)
hypothalamus.
b)
anterior pituiary gland.
c)
posterior pituiary gland.
d)
thyroid gland.
26.
Which of the following hormones requires a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus for its secretion?
a)
Oxytocin
b)
Prolactin
c)
Antidiuretic hormone
d)
Melatonin
27.
Another name for antidiuretic hormone is
a)
intermedin.
b)
oxytocin
c)
vasopressin
d)
aldosterone
28.
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which regulates the formation of melanin, in produced by the
a)
intermediate lobe of the pituiary gland.
b)
anterior lobe of the pituiary gland.
c)
pineal gland.
d)
the hypothalamus.
29.
The blood concentration of the growth hormone
a)
rises in the females after menopause.
b)
varies greatly in males during adulthood.
c)
drops at puberty and rises after adolecence.
d)
rises at puberty and levels off after adolescence.
30.
Jerry drinks a few beers and soon has to urinate. The alcohol has
a)
inhibited secretion of ADH.
b)
stimulated secretion of ADH.
c)
inhibited secretion of ACTH.
d)
stimulated secretion of ACTH.
31.
Diabetes insipidus is caused by
a)
insulin deficiency.
b)
excess insulin.
c)
ADH deficiency.
d)
excess ADH.
32.
Oxytocin in administered to the women following childbirth to stimulate
a)
less milk production.
b)
uterin contractions.
c)
uterine relaxation.
d)
ACTH production.
33.
ADH and oxytocin are secreted by
a)
neuromuscular cells.
b)
neurons.
c)
neuroglia.
d)
neurosecretory cells.
34.
Growth hormone signals the release of IGF-1 from the
a)
pancreas.
b)
liver.
c)
spleen.
d)
pituiary gland.
35.
Growth hormone signals the release of IGF-1 from the
a)
TGF
b)
PTH
c)
IGF-1
d)
FSH
36.
____ inhibites secretion of prolactin.
a)
Dopamine from the hypothalamus.
b)
Insulin
c)
Norepinephrine
d)
Growth hormone
37.
Which of the folllowing statements in correct with respect to T3 and T4?
a)
T4 has a higher free concentration in the plasma.
b)
T4 has more important physiologically.
c)
About one third of T4 is converted to T3 in peripheral tissues.
d)
T4 is more potent.
38.
One of the hallmarks of Graves disease is
a)
weight gain.
b)
increased thirst.
c)
decreased appitite.
d)
goiter.
39.
The ______ secretes triiodothyronine.
a)
adrenal gland
b)
pancreas
c)
parathyroid gland
d)
thyroid gland.
40.
Maxwell has a very high metabolic rate, is skinny, andhas protuding eyes. These are symptoms of
a)
hypothyroidism.
b)
hyperthyroidism.
c)
hypoparathyroidism.
d)
hyperparathyroidism.
41.
Graves disease, the most common form of hyperthyroidism, is caused by
a)
a lack of iodine.
b)
an excess of iodine.
c)
an improper diet.
d)
an autoimmune disorder.
42.
Thyroxine
a)
reduces the rate at which carbohydrates are utilized.
b)
enhances the rate at which proteins are synthesized.
c)
inhibits responses of the nervous system.
d)
inhibits the rate at which calcium enters body fluids.
43.
Simple goiter is most prevelent where the soil lacks
a)
organic matter
b)
vitamins
c)
iodine
d)
potassium
44.
Infantile hypothyroidism results from
a)
a deficiency of thyroid hormones at birth.
b)
hyperthyroidism in an adult.
c)
hypothyroidism in an adult.
d)
lack of porlactin.
45.
Hyperparathyroidism
a)
stimulates excessive osteoclast activity, softening bones.
b)
is most ofter caused by a tumor.
c)
increases risk of spontaneous fractures.
d)
all of the above.
46.
In addition to a drop in blood calcium concentration, a symptom of hypoparathyroidism is
a)
a rise in vitamin D concentration.
b)
increasesd PTH sectretion.
c)
muscle cramps.
d)
kidney stones.
47.
The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the
a)
hypothalamus.
b)
concentration of blood calcium.
c)
thyroid gland.
d)
pituiary gland.
48.
The hormone that stimulates calcium deposition into the bone is
a)
calcitonin.
b)
parathyroid hormone.
c)
thyroxine.
d)
insulin.
49.
A hormone that the adreal medulla secretes is
a)
mineralocorticoid.
b)
glucocorticoid.
c)
aldoosterone.
d)
none of the above.
50.
Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to
a)
conserve sodium and excrete potassium.
b)
excrete sodium and conserve potassium.
c)
excrete sodium and potassium.
d)
conserve sodium and potassium.
51.
Cortisol
a)
increases the permiablility of capillary walls.
b)
increases the permiability of lysosomal membranes.
c)
stimulates the production of glucose from noncarbohydrates.
d)
promotes the storage of amino acids in the form of proteins.
52.
Hormones from the adrenal medulla increase
a)
blood pressure.
b)
heart rate.
c)
breathing rate.
d)
all of the above.
53.
Cortisol is useful in controlling inflammation reactions because it
a)
decreases the permiablity of capillaries.
b)
increases synthesis of prostaglandins.
c)
destabilizes lysosomal membranes.
d)
decreases blood flow.
54.
Hyposecretion of hormonesfrom the adrenal cortext leads to
a)
Cushing syndrome.
b)
Addison disease.
c)
buffalo hump.
d)
moon face.
55.
Addison disease
a)
lowers blood pressure.
b)
decreases blood sodium levels.
c)
increases blood potassium levels.
d)
all of the above.
56.
Cushing syndrome
a)
is caused by hypersecretion of cortical hormones.
b)
decreases tissue protein.
c)
elevates sodium concentration.
d)
all of the above.
57.
Secretion of insulin causes
a)
a decrease in the concentration of bloo glucose.
b)
a decrease in the permiablility of cell membranes to glucose.
c)
an increase in the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose.
d)
an increase in the concentration of blood glucose.
58.
Secretion of glucagon causes
a)
an increase in the formation of fat.
b)
an increase in the permiability of the cell membrane to glucose.
c)
an increase in the concentration of blood glucose.
d)
an increase in glycogen.
59.
Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?
a)
Pancreas.
b)
anterior pituiary
c)
Liver
d)
Thyroid
60.
The pineal gland is
a)
located in the thyroid gland.
b)
attached to the adrenal gland.
c)
attached to the thalamus.
d)
found along with the digestive tissue in the pancreas.
61.
The hormone that the pineal gland secretes is
a)
melanoma.
b)
melatonin.
c)
myostatin.
d)
bete endorphine.
62.
The thymus gland secretes hormones called _____ that _____.
a)
thyroxines; control metabolism.
b)
melatonins; control circadian rhythms.
c)
prostaglands; control strength.
d)
thymosins; control production and differentiation of white blood cells.
63.
As a result of the stress response, blood concentrations of epinepherine
a)
rise and cortisol fall.
b)
fall and cortisol rise.
c)
and cortisol rise
d)
and cortisol fall.
64.
A person who is stressed usually has increased
a)
activity of the spleen and other lymphatic organs.
b)
number of lymphocytes in the blood.
c)
resistance to infections.
d)
blood pressure.
65.
With age,
a)
Levels of GH increase but of ADH decrease.
b)
levels of GH decrease but of ADH increase.
c)
levels of GH and ADH both decrease.
d)
levels of GH and ADH both increase.
66.
Pheromones differ from hormones in that
a)
they are only found in plants and fungi
b)
they act only within and individual.
c)
they are transmitted between members of the same species.
d)
they are transmitted between members of different species.
67.
Athletes abuse erythropoinetin (EPO) because this hormone
a)
decreases the number of red blood cells.
b)
increases the number of white blood cells.
c)
increases the number of red blood cells.
d)
adds protein to plasma.
68.
Irving, who is 78 years old, takes human growth hormone supplements to regain the strength of his youth. He may be disappointed, because the hormone has been shown only to
a)
increase the red blood cell supply.
b)
decrease fat and increase muscle mass, but not improve strength.
c)
make him urinate more often.
d)
increase his risk of cancer.
69.
In diabetes mellitus,
a)
fatty acids and ketone bodies accumulate in the blood if untreated.
b)
insulin must be taken or drugs given that help the body to utilize insulin.
c)
the pancreas cannot produce insulin or the body cannot respond to it.
d)
all of the above.
70.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by
a)
excess sugar in the diet.
b)
obesity.
c)
a disorder of the the immune sytem.
d)
an effect of aging.
71.
Diabetes mellitis results in
a)
prtein in the urine.
b)
urine with high osmotic pressure.
c)
reduces urinary output.
d)
low blood sugar.
72.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus results from
a)
a deficiency of insulin.
b)
insensitivity of cells to insulin.
c)
a deficiency of insulin and insensitivity of cells to insulin.
d)
an infection.
73.
The Edmonton protocol is
a)
a way to replace the thyroid gland.
b)
an infusion of hormones from the adrenal cortex.
c)
a pancreatic islet transplant.
d)
a type of insulin.
74.
A hormone is a secreted molecule that is carried in the bloodstream to where it acts on target cells that bear specific receptors for that hormone.
a)
true
b)
false
75.
An autocrine secretion effects cells far away.
a)
true
b)
false
76.
The nervous system releases hormones at synapses and the endocrine system releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream.
a)
true
b)
false
77.
Nonsteroid hormones include peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, and amines.
a)
true
b)
false
78.
Steroid hormones diffuse through cell membranes, then bind with receptors, whereas nonsteroid hormones bind receptors on the target cell membrane.
a)
true
b)
false
79.
A tropic hormone prevents endocrine glands from releasing their hormones, thereby maintaining homeostasis.
a)
true
b)
false
80.
The target cells of releasing hormones are in the anterior pituiary gland.
a)
true
b)
false
81.
The thalamus controls secretion of pituiary hormones.
a)
true
b)
false
82.
Oxytocin stimulates the kidneys to conserve water.
a)
true
b)
false
83.
The extrafollicular cells of the thyroid gland secrete calcitonin.
a)
true
b)
false
84.
Parathyroid hormones stimulate the activity of the bone-resorbing osteoblasts.
a)
true
b)
false
85.
Cells of the adrenal medulla are closely associated with preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
a)
true
b)
false
86.
The hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are amines.
a)
true
b)
false
87.
The sex hormones from the adrenal cortex are primarily androgens.
a)
true
b)
false
88.
Norepinephrine and epinephrine are amines.
a)
true
b)
false
89.
Glucagon is also called hypoglocemic factor.
a)
TRUE
b)
false
90.
A person under stress may have a lowered resistance to infection.
a)
true
b)
false
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