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SS Second Semester Review.

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 4hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
2.
What type of growth is represented behind?
a)
exponential
b)
logistics
c)
a good kind
d)
representative
3.

Populations consist of

a)

a single species

b)

multiple species

c)

the biotic and abiotic factors of an environment

d)

a grouping of ecosystems

4.

What decreases the size of a population

a)

immigration

b)

emigration

5.
Which of the following is not a part of interphase?
a)
G2
b)
M
c)
G1
d)
S
6.
DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
G0
7.
sequence
a)
C,D, B, A, F, E
b)
D,A,F,C,E,B
c)
B,E,C,F,A,D
d)
C,B,D,A E,F
8.
In which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids line up on the equator of the cell?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
9.
Which of the following phrases best describes cytokenesis
a)
division of the cytoplasm
b)
division of the nucleus
c)
division of DNA
d)
division of surface area
10.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid cells
b)
Diploid Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
11.
When homologous chromosomes match up, they form a structure call a ___________.
a)
tetrad (pair of chromosomes, one from mom and one from dad)
b)
triad
c)
diploid
d)
quad (group of 4 replicated chromosomes, 2 from mom and 2 from dad)
12.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
13.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
14.
Which of the following represents chromosome # during fertilization?
a)
n+n=2n
b)
n=n
c)
2n=n+n
d)
2n=2n
15.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
16.

What is the number of chromosomes in a somatic cell of a mouse?

a)

19

b)

20

c)

38

d)

40

17.

Based on the karyotype, which of the following would be a reasonable statement about the production of gametes in mice?

a)

At the end of the DNA synthesis during interphase, the mouse cells would have over 100 individual chromosomes.

b)

During metaphase II of meiosis, each cell would have 20 individual chromosomes and 40 chromatids.

c)

By the end of cellular division by mitosis, each gamete would have 20 pairs of homologous chromosomes.

d)

The last step of meiosis II is cytokinesis, which results in four gamete cells each having 40 individual chromosomes.

18.

Which individuals demonstrate that sickle cell is recessive?

a)

#11 is the child of #6 & #7

b)

#1 and #2 have no children with the disorder

c)

#3 and #4 have 2 children with the disorder

d)

More boys have it than girls

19.

Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism in miniature horses. Achondroplasia dwarfs have normal sized bodies and heads, but noticeably smaller upper legs and ears. This form of dwarfism is an autosomal dominant trait. The pedigree shows the offspring of one horse without dwarfism, Individual 1, and one with dwarfism, Individual 2. The horses with achondroplasia are shaded black.


Based on the pedigree, which of the following is an accurate claim with evidence about the genotype of Individual 2?

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

d)

Dwarf

20.

Blood type in humans has three alelles: A, B, and O. A and B are both dominant to o. If a couple who are both Type O marry and have three children, what are their bloodtypes?

a)

Type AB

b)

Type A

c)

Type B

d)

Type O

21.
Which of the following produces identical nuclei in cells?
a)
fertilization
b)
osmosis
c)
mitosis
d)
pollution
22.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)
segregation of sister chromatids
b)
condensation and segregation of alleles
c)
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
d)
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
23.
This diagram  shows which cellular process that occurs in organisms?
a)
endocytosis
b)
mitosis
c)
meiosis
d)
phagocytosis
24.
Meiosis is the key process in the production of_________.
a)
body cells
b)
RNA
c)
white blood cells
d)
gametes
25.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented in the diagram?
a)
meiosis, which produces body cells
b)
mitosis, which produces body cells
c)
meiosis, which produces body cells
d)
meiosis, which produces gametes
26.
Meiosis produces how many cells at the end?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
6
27.
a)
Metaphase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
28.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
29.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
30.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
31.
What is one of the advantages, why is it better to reproduce sexually versus asexually?
a)
survival of the fittest
b)
overproduction
c)
genetic variation
d)
cloning
32.

What is the pair of sex chromosomes in Males?

a)

Y

b)

X

c)

XY

d)

XX

33.

What is the pair of sex chromosomes in females?

a)

Y

b)

X

c)

XY

d)

XX

34.

A 2n cell of a bat has 44 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will you find in one of his gametes

a)

23

b)

22

c)

44

d)

88

35.

A haploid cell from a male camel has 35 chromosomes. What type of cell is this? Choose all that apply

a)

Sperm

b)

Egg

c)

Heart Cell

d)

Muscle Cell

36.
Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.
a)
female
b)
male
37.
Which structure is labeled as A in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
38.
Which structure is labeled as C in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
39.
When chromosomes fail to separate correctly during anaphase of meiosis, what can occur?
a)
extra chromosomes are found in the sex cell
b)
chromosomes of the sex cell are doubled
c)
chromosomes of the sex cell are halved
d)
meiosis never completes
40.
A sperm contains
a)
Both an X and a Y chromosome
b)
Two X chromosomes
c)
An X OR a Y chromosome
d)
only a Y chromosome
41.
An egg contains
a)
22 autosomes and an X chromosome
b)
22 autosomes and an Y chromosome
c)
44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes
d)
44 autosomes and an X and a Y chromosome
42.
What makes this individual's karyotype not normal?
a)
An extra sex chromosome
b)
An extra autosome
c)
A missing sex chromosome
d)
A missing autosome
43.
Down's syndrome occurs because of a(n)
a)
missing sex chromosome
b)
extra sex chromosome
c)
additional 21st chromosome
d)
additional 18th chromosome
44.
Klinefelter's Syndrome has the karyotype notation of 
a)
47XX+21
b)
47XXY
c)
45XO
d)
44XX
45.
A picture of paired chromosomes is a
a)
sister chromatid
b)
centromere
c)
syndrome
d)
karyotype
46.
In pea plants, the tall allele is dominant to the short allele. What key would demonstrate this?
a)
Tall = T
Short = S
b)
Tall = T
Short = t
c)
Tall = t
Short = T
d)
Tall = TT
Short = tt
47.
A Jawa notices that his beloved pet desert rat, who has brown fur, just had several rat babies, some of which had white fur and some which had brown fur. Brown fur is the dominant trait. This means his rat must have what genotype?
a)
Homozygous Dominant
b)
Heterozygous
c)
Homozygous Recessive
48.
Bob the abominable snowman lives in the snowy Andes mountains. He has white fur, which blends in nicely. He is therefore dismayed when his mate keeps having red-furred babies. What is Bob's likely genotype?
a)
Homozygous Dominant
b)
Heterozygous
c)
Homozygous Recessive
49.
Each one of the boxes on the Punnett Square represents what probability of an offsprings' genotype?
a)
25%
b)
1%
c)
10%
d)
0%
50.
What is the phenotype of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair) 
a)
50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair 
b)
25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair 
c)
75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair 
d)
0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair 
51.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the  trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
52.
Which of the characteristics is a lion least likely to pass on to its offspring?
a)
fur color
b)
length of tail
c)
scars on leg
d)
body size
53.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the  trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
54.

An organism is a hybrid genotype (Tt) but is appears tall instead of short.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

55.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are distributed to gametes independent of one another?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

56.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

57.

Law of Independent Assortment

a)

every organism has two alleles which separate when gametes are produced

b)

alleles for traits are the same

c)

genes from different traits are inherited independently of one another

d)

the allele combination of an organism

58.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

59.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
60.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

61.

A gene on a chromosome lies close to another gene controlling a different trait. This indicates that the genes are ________ . The first gene contributes to the expression of the second gene. This indicates _______ inheritance.

.

a)

less linked; codominant

b)

strongly linked; polygenic

c)

unlinked; dominant

d)

independent; incomplete dominant

62.
Which of the following genotypes belongs in the red box in the Punnett square?
a)
XBXb
b)
XbXb
c)
XbY
d)
XBY
63.

A male with an X-linked dominant disease mates with a normal female. Based on the pedigree chart, the possibility that the offspring will actually develop the disease is what percent?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

64.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
65.
Which of the following is purebred?
a)
AA
b)
oo
c)
Ao
d)
Both AA and oo
66.
Which of the following is a hybrid?
a)
BB
b)
oo
c)
Bo
d)
AA
67.
Jim has type AB blood. His dad could be type O.
a)
True
b)
False
68.
The Augustinian monk who studied inheritance in pea plants and came up with laws of inheritance was...
a)
Watson
b)
Crick
c)
Mendel
d)
Darwin
69.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
70.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
71.
The fish shown in the pictures below is the Anglerfish. The stalk in front of its eyes is a flashing light that it uses to lure prey to its mouth. This structural adaptation enables the Anglerfish to survive in a very dark and deep aquatic habitat.
Where are anglerfish likely to be found? 
a)
A shallow freshwater lake
b)
An estuary or wetland area on the coast
c)
In the shallow water of a creek or stream
d)
The deep abyssal zone of the ocean
72.
Variation happens as a result of the exchange of genetic information as it is passed fromparent to offspring.Which of the following is true about inherited variation?
a)
Variation can influence the resources that are available to an organism.
b)
Variation can influence whether organisms are more likely to survive to reproduce.
c)
Variation can influence the amount of rainfall in an ecosystem
d)
Variation can influence the amount of available food in an ecosystem
73.
The habitat of a moth species included trees with both light and dark colored bark.Therefore the moth species included both light and dark colored variants.Then the light-colored trees were wiped out by a disease, and within a few years nearly all the moths in this forest were dark colored. Which of the following choices BEST explains what happened?
a)
The light moths that survived all had dark offspring in order to adapt to the change.
b)
The dark moths were less visible to predators, so mostly light moths were eaten.
c)
The few light moths that survived did not mate, and therefore they had no offspring.
d)
The light moths changed their wing pigments to darker colors to avoid being eaten.
74.
Why is biodiversity important in fighting disease in food crops?
a)
It prevents one disease from wiping out an entire food crop.
b)
It prevents habitat loss of native species.
c)
It provides different foods for different populations.
d)
It prevents fungal disease from wiping out corn crops.
75.
If layer W is 100 million years old and layer Z is 500 million year old, how old is layer X?
a)
over 500 million years old
b)
under 100 million years old
c)
there is no way to estimate the age of layer X
d)
between 100 and 500 million years old
76.
Which of the following would provide the most energy in an ecosystem?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivore
c)
Omnivore
d)
Carnivore
77.

Where do 99% of the producers get their energy from?

a)

Sun Light

b)

Chemicals

c)

Glucose

d)

ATP

78.
Which of the following is an accurate food chain?
a)
Owl, Grasshopper, Grain
b)
Bird, Fox, Rabbit
c)
Carrot, Rabbit, Fox
d)
Grass, Mice, Bird
79.
What level does the mice primarily eat in?
a)
1st trophic level
b)
2nd trophic level
c)
3rd trophic level
d)
4th trophic level
80.
Why are decomposers located to the side of the pyramid?
a)
They recycle dead material from all levels
b)
The eat living things from all levels
c)
They are not a living organisms
d)
They are too large to fit on the pyramid
81.
What is total amount of dried mass of an organisms called?
a)
Energy
b)
Population
c)
Biomass
d)
Food Web
82.
The area of the brain most associated with coordination and balance is the:
a)
Cerebellum
b)
Hippocampus
c)
Amygdala
d)
Pons
83.
The part of the neuron that transmits signals to muscles is the:
a)
Axon
b)
Dendrite
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Cell Body
84.
Na/K Pumps are most active during which phase of Action Potential events?
a)
Hyperpolarization
b)
Depolarization
c)
Repolarization
d)
Resting Membrane Potential
85.
Heartbeat would be accomplished by which branch of the nervous system?
a)
Sensory
b)
Autonomic
c)
Motor
d)
Pineal
86.
Sensory stimuli that generate reflexes generally are processed by the brain before signals are sent to effectors.
a)
True
b)
False
87.

The mammalian heart has ___ chambers.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

88.
Structure(s) that keep the blood flowing in one direction.
a)
Valve(s)
b)
Septum(s)
c)
Neuron(s)
d)
Bronchiole(s)
89.

True or false:

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.

a)

True

b)

False

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