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Test Review: Meiosis and Reproduction

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 1hrs 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Check all that apply.

Reproductive cells are _______.

a)

haploid

b)

gametes

c)

somatic

d)

identical

e)

diverse

2.

What process creates reproductive cells used in sexual production?

a)

meiosis

b)

mitosis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

photosynthesis

3.

Meiosis results in _____.

a)

4 haploid daughter cells

b)

2 diploid daughter cells

c)

2 haploid daughter cells

d)

4 diploid daughter cells

4.

Meiosis is known as ___________ division.

a)

reduction

b)

addition

c)

division

d)

multiplying

5.

Potatoes have a diploid number of 48. How many chromosomes do the gametes of a potato plant have?

a)

96

b)

48

c)

24

d)

12

6.

During meiosis, nonsister chromatids of a homolgous pair exchange DNA. This is called _____________.

a)

crossing over

b)

trading places

c)

criss cross apple sauce

d)

breaking places

7.

Crossing over occurs during __________ of meiosis.

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase II

8.

Tetrads can orient themselves in different ways during metaphase. The number of genetic combinations in the resulting gametes is 2n, where n is the haploid number of the cell. This is called ________________.

a)

independent assortment

b)

independent lineup

c)

independent ordering

d)

independent dependence

9.

What is the effect of crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis?

a)

increased genetic diversity of gametes

b)

decreased genetic diversity of gametes

c)

increased number of daughter cells

d)

decreased number of daughter cells

10.

A zygote is formed by ___________ of a male and female gamete.

a)

fertilization

b)

division

c)

reduction

d)

addition

11.

A mosquito has a haploid number of 3. After fertilization, a mosquito zygote has ___ chromosomes..

a)

6

b)

9

c)

12

d)

15

12.

During sexual reproduction the chromosomes of

a)

two separate individuals are combined

b)

one individual are transferred to another

c)

one parent only are copied for its offspring

d)

two separate individuals are inherited separately.

13.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
14.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
15.
What process does a multi-cellular organism use to replace its damaged body cells?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
transcription
16.
Which of the following is NOT occuring during interphase?
a)
Cell growth
b)
DNA being copied
c)
DNA condensing
d)
Two new cells are made
17.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
18.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

a)

46

b)

21

c)

10

d)

23

19.

The union of sperm and egg results in a fertilized egg called a:

a)

spermatocyte

b)

oocyte

c)

zygote

d)

gamete

20.

A type of reproduction by which a single parent passes copies of its genes to its offspring:

a)

sexual reproduction

b)

asexual reproduction

c)

spermatogenesis

d)

oogenesis

21.

This process makes only one functional egg in the ovaries:

a)

spermatogenesis

b)

fragmentation

c)

budding

d)

oogenesis

22.

Body cells are also called:

a)

somatic cells

b)

autosomes

c)

gametes

d)

germ cells

23.

If a cell only has one set of chromosomes (n=23), it is called:

a)

haploid

b)

a somatic cell

c)

diploid

d)

autosomal

24.

If a cell has two sets of chromosomes (2n=46), it is called:

a)

haploid

b)

a somatic cell

c)

diploid

d)

autosomal

25.

Chromosomes that are arranged in pairs according to size, shape, and the kinds of genes that they have:

a)

autosomes

b)

homologous chromosomes

c)

zygotes

d)

gametes

26.

Process by which homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information during Prophase I:

a)

independent assortment

b)

crossing-over

c)

fertilization

d)

asexual reproduction

27.

In humans, each gamete receives:

a)

46 chromosomes

b)

50 chromosomes

c)

25 chromosomes

d)

23 chromosomes

28.

In asexual reproduction:

a)

DNA does not vary between offspring

b)

many offspring are produced in a short time

c)

organisms may not be able to adapt to new environments

d)

all of the choices

29.

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

a)

The offspring are all genetically identical.

b)

It increases genetic diversity.

c)

It takes energy to find a mate and produce gametes

d)

Many offspring are produced in a short time.

30.

The final cells resulting from meiosis in either male or females are called:

a)

autosomes

b)

somatic cells

c)

gametes

d)

zygotes

31.

Asexual reproduction results in:

a)

genetic diversity

b)

zygotes

c)

fertilization

d)

genetically identical offspring

32.

What gamete is produced as one large cell and three smaller polar bodies during oogenesis?

a)

sperm

b)

ovum

c)

sporocyte

d)

germ cell

33.

The random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes during meiosis is called:

a)

independent assortment

b)

fertilization

c)

variation

d)

mitosis

34.

Human sex cells contain ________ chromosomes.

a)

46

b)

26

c)

43

d)

23

35.

Two divisions.

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

36.

One division.

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

37.

Sex cells.

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

38.
Which cellular process is shown?
a)
meiosis
b)
endocytosis
c)
mitosis
d)
phagocytosis
39.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
40.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
41.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
42.
How many daughter cells does Meiosis create?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
8
d)
1
43.
In mitosis cells are genetically _______, but in meiosis cells are genetically ______.
a)
diverse, identical
b)
identical, diverse/different
44.

Different forms of a gene

a)

chromosomes

b)

genes

c)

alleles

d)

DNA

45.

Differences in living things

a)

homozygous

b)

variation

c)

dominant

d)

recessive

46.

Changes to a genetic code

a)

mutations

b)

traits

c)

asexual reproduction

d)

DNA

47.

Pieces of DNA that provides instructions

a)

tissues

b)

DNA

c)

genes

d)

traits

48.
When does crossover take place in meiosis?1
a)
Prophase II
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase I
d)
Metaphase I
49.
Which 2 cells would be more genetically similar to each other?
a)
2 gametes produced by the same person
b)
2 somatic cells produced by the same person
c)
2 eggs produced by the same woman
d)
2 sperm produced by the same man
50.

a photograph or picture of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is a ______________

a)

pedigree

b)

Punnett Square

c)

Venn Diagram

d)

Karyotype

51.
Which sex chromosomes would indicate a typical human male?
a)
XX
b)
X
c)
XY
d)
XXY
52.

A normal human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.

a)

46

b)

23

c)

92

d)

64

53.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
54.
The results of the karyotype indicate that an individual has 3 chromosome #21. Which of the following genetic disorders do they have?
a)
Edwards Syndrome
b)
Patau's Syndrome
c)
Down's Syndrome
d)
Klinefelter's Syndrome
55.

Based on the karyotype, what is the sex of this baby?

a)

Male

b)

Female

56.
Is this Karyotype human?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Impossible to Determine
57.
A pair of identical chromosomes shown in a karyotype, one inherited from mom, and one inherited from dad are called
a)
sister chromotids
b)
centromeres
c)
homologous chromosomes
d)
autosomes
58.
Which would be considered a somatic cell?
a)
Sperm cell
b)
Egg Cell
c)
Skin Cell
d)
All of these
59.
What is the haploid number for this Karyotype?
a)
26
b)
27
c)
52
d)
54
60.
Which of the following would be considered a Gamete cell?
a)
Egg Cell
b)
Sperm Cell
c)
Both of these
d)
None of these
61.

If the Diploid number for carrots is 18, the haploid number is

a)

18

b)

9

c)

27

d)

36

62.
The haploid number of human chromosomes is
a)
11
b)
12
c)
23
d)
46
63.
The union of egg and sperm to form a new offspring is
a)
zygote
b)
fertilization
c)
homologous pairing
d)
meiosis
64.
a)
This karyotype shows Trisomy 21
b)
This karyotype has no abnormality
c)
This karyotype is missing a sex chromosome (monosomy x)
d)
This karyotype is from a gamete
65.
Crossing over helps promote 
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
66.
What is the chromosomal condition of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Monosomy X (Turner's Syndrome)
b)
Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome)
c)
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
d)
Trisomy 18 (Edwards's Syndrome)
67.

What does this image represent?

a)

The male and female parents each pass along 20 chromosomes for a total of 40 chromosomes in a human.

b)

The male and female parents do not pass along chromosomes, they are spontaneously produced

c)

The male and female parents each pass along 23 chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes in a human.

68.
This karyotype was taken from a  ________.
a)
normal female
b)
female with Down's syndrome
c)
female with Turner's syndrome
d)
male with Turner's syndrome
69.
This karyotype was taken from a  _________.
a)
male with Turner's syndrome
b)
male with Klinefelter's syndrome
c)
female with Klinefelter's syndrome
d)
male with Down's syndrome
70.
Neural stem cells from the brain can differentiate into... 
a)
only specialized brain cells .
b)
specialized brain cells and specialized skin cells. 
c)
all types of specialized cells. 
d)
only specialized blood cells. 
71.
Which of the following is NOT a source for stem cells?
a)
umbilical cord blood 
b)
early embryos 
c)
sperm and eggs 
d)
certain adult tissues 
72.
Stem cells are
a)
cells that grow uncontrollably.
b)
undifferentiated and can develop into many types of cells.
c)
cells that never go through cell division.
d)
only found in embryos.
73.
Stem cells are used to __________.
a)
make clones
b)
create new species of animals
c)
make babies
d)
grow different types of tissues
74.
Which of the following cells is undifferentiated?
a)
cardiac muscle cell
b)
nerve cell
c)
liver cell
d)
stem cell
75.
What process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?
a)
genetic engineering
b)
survival of the fittest
c)
differentiation
d)
selective breeding
76.
What is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?
a)
Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells
b)
Adult stem cells are pluripotent, just like embryonic stem cells
c)
Adult stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than embryonic stem cells
d)
Adult stem cells grow bigger than embryonic stem cells
77.
Which is true about embryonic stem cells?
a)
They no longer divide, their cell type is set and cannot change.
b)
They can develop into only one type of cell.
c)
They can become any cell type in the body.
d)
They are found in adults.
78.
How do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?
a)
The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes off.
b)
Signals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and off.
c)
Genes turn on and off randomly.
d)
The cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.
79.

a cell that has the most potential, able to become any type of cell.

a)

Totipotent

b)

Pluripotent

c)

Multipotent

80.

can become any of the three cell layers in a

developing embryo (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm), but not the placenta surrounding the embryo.

a)

Totipotent

b)

Pluripotent

c)

Multipotent

81.
Stem cells can be obtained from _________.
a)
embryos
b)
some adult tissues
c)
umbilical cord blood
d)
all of the above
82.
Stem cells are used to __________.
a)
make clones
b)
create new species of animals
c)
make babies
d)
grow different types of tissues
83.
Which is true about embryonic stem cells?
a)
They no longer divide; their cell type is set and cannot change.
b)
They can develop into only one type of cell.
c)
They can become any cell type in the body.
d)
They are found in adults.
84.
Adult stem cells can also be referred to as ______________.
a)
somatic stem cells 
b)
embryonic stem cells 
c)
starter cells 
d)
IPS cells 
85.
What does "multipotent" mean?
a)
able to divide and make one kind of cell
b)
able to divide and make all different types of cells
c)
able to divide and make multiple (but not all) types of cells 
d)
cannot divide
86.
What does "pluripotent" mean?
a)
able to divide and make all different types of cells
b)
not able to divide
c)
can only divide and make one cell type 
d)
if it divides, it will make a cancerous tumor
87.

What is true of induced pluripotent stem cells?

a)

They can be turned/forced into other types of cells.

b)

They can't be turned into other types of cells.

c)

They can be turned back into their original type of cell.

d)

all of the above

88.
Scientists can reprogram skin cells to act like stem cells.  True or False? 
a)
True 
b)
False 
89.

Why is the use of embryonic stem cells controversial?

a)

The embryos are destroyed in the process of extracting the stem cells.

b)

People consider their use as destroying a life.

c)

They are taken from little kids, which is painful.

d)

They are put into a different person.

90.

Is the use of embryonic stem cells controversial in the US today?

a)

Yes

b)

No

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