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Biology Unit 5 Quiz

Total questions: 168

Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Central Dogma is the journey of DNA to Protein

a)

True

b)

False

2.

Central Dogma is the journey of RNA to Protein

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Section of DNA with instructions for building a specific protein.

(a)  

4.

What is the basic unit of heredity

(a)  

5.

Connect DNA and traits

(a)  

6.

Carry out most task in cell

(a)  

7.

A protein's structure is vital to function

a)

True

b)

False

8.

If protein denatures, it typically loses function

a)

True

b)

False

9.

If protein denatures, it typically continues function

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Proteins are made of

(a)  

11.

What influences how protein will fold? As R-Group/side chains determine different ____ ____ in a proteins structure.

(a)  

12.

What can denature protein structure that it no longer works:

a)

pH change

b)

Tonicity

c)

Temperature

d)

Lysomes

13.

Translation happens at the

(a)  

14.

Transcription happens in the

(a)  

15.

Copies a sequence of DNA to an intermediate molecule (mRNA)

(a)  

16.

mRNA message converted to a polypeptide

(a)  

17.

Chains of amino acids and essential portions of proteins in cells

(a)  

18.

Transcription and Translation occur in cytoplasm at the same time in Prokaryotes

a)

True

b)

False

19.

Transcription and Translation occur in cytoplasm at different times in Prokaryotes

a)

True

b)

False

20.

Transcription and Translation occur at different times so it allows for mRNA to be processed before being translated in Eukaryotes

a)

True

b)

False

21.

Transcription and Translation occur at the same times so it allows for mRNA to be processed after being translated in Eukaryotes

a)

True

b)

False

22.

In RNA sugar is

(a)  

23.

In DNA sugar is

(a)  

24.

RNA Bases are?

a)

A

b)

G

c)

C

d)

U

e)

T

25.

DNA Bases are?

a)

A

b)

G

c)

C

d)

U

e)

T

26.

RNA is (a)   strand

27.

DNA is (a)   strand

28.

RNA can form (a)   shapes

29.

Various types help the cell read the DNA message, translate it into a polypeptide, catalyze reactions.

(a)  

30.

Instructions for making/controlling all things in the cell

(a)  

31.

Which step is RNA Polymerase (and other proteins) unwind DNA to access gene in ____________?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

1

d)

2

e)

3

32.

DNA being catalyzed by RNA Polymerases in ____________?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

33.

A gene being transcribed into an RNA message in ____________?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

34.

Which step is RNA Polymerase moves along gene, complementary RNA nucleotides are strung together until RNA strand detaches in ____________?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

1

d)

2

e)

3

35.

Carries instructions for polypeptide synthesis from nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

(a)  

36.

Carries amino acids to the ribosomes and matches them to the coded mRNA message

(a)  

37.

Forms an important part of both subunits of the ribosome

(a)  

38.

Ribosomes are ____ ____ in the cytoplasm or attached to the Rough ER

(a)  

39.

Ribosomes are free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the (a)   ER

40.

Proteins enter Rough ER for folding and (a)  

41.

Proteins enter Rough ER for (a)   and modification

42.

Protein goes the (a)   apparatus for packaging and transport.

43.

3 letter “word” on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

(a)  

44.

3 letter “word” on tRNA that matches the codon

(a)  

45.

Determines how codons are divided during translation

(a)  

46.

Correct reading frame influences protein made.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Correct reading frame does not influences protein made.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Select the correct way DNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids

a)

1) mRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

b)

2) tRNA anticodons match to mRNA codons and drop off the appropriate amino acid (translation)

c)

3) Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form the first structure of a protein (polypeptide)

d)

3) tRNA anticodons match to mRNA codons and drop off the appropriate amino acid (translation)

e)

2) tRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

49.

Select the correct way DNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids

a)

1) mRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

b)

2) tRNA anticodons match to mRNA codons and drop off the appropriate amino acid (translation)

c)

3) Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form the first structure of a protein (polypeptide)

d)

3) mRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

e)

3) Amino acids link together via nucleotide bonds to form the first structure of a protein (nucleotide)

50.

Select the correct way DNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids

a)

1) mRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

b)

2) tRNA anticodons match to mRNA codons and drop off the appropriate amino acid (translation)

c)

3) Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form the first structure of a protein (polypeptide)

d)

2) mRNA attaches to ribosome and is read in codons by tRNA

e)

3) Amino acids link together via nucleotide bonds to form the first structure of a protein (nucleotide)

51.

Take a moment to explain

a)

Done

b)

I'm gonna fail

52.

Model transcription:

DNA: TAC CGG TAA CGC ACT

mRNA:

(a)  

53.

Model translation:

DNA: TAC CGG TAA CGC ACT

mRNA: AUG GCC AUU GCG UGA

tRNA: TAC CGG UAA CGC ACU

AA:

(a)  

54.

Change in nucleotide sequence of a single gene

(a)  

55.

Gene mutation typically occurs during DNA (a)  

56.

Environmental agents that cause or increase the frequency of mutations

(a)  

57.

Mutagens:

a)

Radiation: x-rays; UV rays

b)

Chemicals: processed foods, cleaning products, carcinogens (ex: cigarette smoke)

c)

Infectious Agents: Bacteria or viruses

d)

Water: Toxicity levels of water passage throughout foreign locations

58.

Point Mutations:

a)

Silent

b)

Missense

c)

Nonesense

d)

Insertion

e)

Deletion

59.

A single nucleotide changes aka: substitution mutation

(a)  

60.

Point Mutation:

Change codes for the same amino acid

(a)  

61.

Point Mutation:

Change codes for different amino acid

(a)  

62.

Point Mutation:

Change codes for stop codon, stopping the sequence early

(a)  

63.

Take a moment to think

a)

We tried

b)

Heck

64.

Mutation that changes the reading frame

(a)  

65.

Frameshift Mutations:

a)

Silent

b)

Missense

c)

Nonesense

d)

Insertion

e)

Deletion

66.

Frameshift Mutation:

Adding one or more nucleotides

(a)  

67.

Frameshift Mutation:

Taking out one or more nucleotides

(a)  

68.

Take a moment to think

a)

I'm losing it

b)

I think I got it

69.

Only mutations that occur in gametes can be passed to the next generation

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Any mutations that occur can be passed to the next generation

a)

True

b)

False

71.

Mutations that occur in somatic cells (a)   be passed on

72.

The purpose of meiosis is to cuts the chromosome number of the cell in half

a)

True

b)

False

73.

The purpose of meiosis is to duplicate the chromosome number of the cell

a)

True

b)

False

74.

Meiosis occurs in _____ ____ to create gametes (egg/sperm)

(a)  

75.

In meiosis the purpose of egg/sperm is to fuse with another cell to create a new individual

a)

True

b)

False

76.

In meiosis the purpose of egg/sperm is to fuse with another cell to kill a new individual

a)

True

b)

False

77.

(1n) cell with one full set of chromosomes (half the diploid #)

(a)  

78.

Haploid: (a)   cell with one full set of chromosomes (half the diploid #)

79.

(2n) cell with two full sets of chromosomes (double the haploid #)

(a)  

80.

Diploid: (a)   cell with two full sets of chromosomes (double the haploid #)

81.

Somatic cells are

(a)  

82.

Gametes are

(a)  

83.

Take a moment to think

a)

Meiosis is working properly

b)

Is not working properly

84.

Take a break

a)

I get it

b)

I'm struggling

85.

Each successive generation would have twice as many chromosomes as the previous generation if there is no meiosis

a)

True

b)

False

86.

Each successive generation would have twice as many chromosomes as the previous generation if there is meiosis

a)

True

b)

False

87.

During DNA replication, the final product consists of two identical DNA molecules. Each has one of the original strands and one newly created strand. This makes it...

a)

Fragmented

b)

Semi-conservative

c)

Conservative

d)

Liberal

88.

What two basic steps are required for DNA to replicate?

a)

DNA strands unzip, then complimentary nucleotides are added to each

b)

Complimentary nucleotides attach, DNA zips together

c)

DNA brings in new nucleotides, a completely new molecule is built beside the first

d)

DNA separates from the nucleus, complimentary nucleotides are broken off

89.

Why is it important that DNA twist like it does?

a)

to keep DNA delicate

b)

So the sugar can bond with the nitrogen

c)

So uracil can bond with thymine

d)

So more DNA can fit inside the nucleus

90.

The rungs (steps) of the DNA ladder are made of what?

a)

sugar

b)

phosphate

c)

sulfur

d)

nitrogenous bases

91.

A double helix contains how many strands?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

92.

Which of the following correctly identifies the parts of a nucleotide?

a)

sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base

b)

sulfur, sugar, nitrogenous base

c)

ribosome, phosphate, nitrogenous base

d)

sugar, phosphate, lipid

93.

DNA is what kind of molecule?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

94.
Which of the following terms refers to a segment of DNA the controls the expression of a trait?
a)
Chromosome
b)
Chromatid
c)
Gene
d)
Histone
95.
What did Erwin Chargaff conclude from his experiments?
a)
Nitrogen bases are held together by peptide bonds
b)
A and T, C and G always occur in equal amounts
c)
Proteins are the carriers of genetic information
d)
C and G rarely occur in eukaryotic organisms
96.
If Chargaff found that a sample of DNA has 20% ADENINE, how much GUANINE would he have determined to be there?
a)
30%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
60%
97.

The twisted ladder shape of DNA is known as a

a)

Double Helix

b)

Triple Helix

c)

Single Helix

d)

Double felix

98.

How is the instructions for your traits carried on a DNA molecule?

a)

Sequence of the nitrogen bases

b)

In the Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

In the bond between the phosphate and the sugar

d)

In the phosphate group

99.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
100.
What will the matching sequence be on a strand that reads AAGCTAT?
a)
AACGATA
b)
TTCGTTA
c)
CCTGATA
d)
TTCGATA
101.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
102.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
amino acid
d)
protein
103.

Which 2 molecules forms the backbone of the DNA ladder?

a)

ribose (sugar) and nitrogen bases

b)

ribose (sugar) and phosphate

c)

deoxyribose (sugar) and nitrogen bases

d)

deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate

104.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
105.
DNA codes for...
a)
bases
b)
proteins
c)
amino acids
d)
phosphates
106.

Which of the following is not a function of DNA?

a)

Stores genetic information

b)

Codes for proteins

c)

Helps determines your traits

d)

Tells your body when to move

107.

What are nucleotides?

a)

The building blocks of DNA

b)

Each strand of DNA

c)

Basically the same thing as amino acids

d)

Bacteria that infect viruses

108.

Which of the following are the basic components of a nucleotide? Select all that apply.

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Hydrogen group

109.

What is deoxyribose?

a)

A type of sugar

b)

A type of nitrogenous base

c)

The name of the model of DNA

110.

What are the nitrogenous bases of DNA? Select all that apply.

a)

Adenine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Guanine

d)

Thymine

111.

Which component (s) of the DNA molecule make up the backbone of the structure?

a)

Nitrogenous bases

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Phosphate group

112.

Which component (s) of the DNA molecule make up the interior of the structure (are found inside of the 2 backbones)?

a)

Nitrogenous bases

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Phosphate group

113.

What determines the genetic code of DNA?

a)

Sequence of nitrogenous bases

b)

Sequence of deoxyribose

c)

Sequence of phosphate groups

114.

Where do covalent bonds form?

a)

Between the deoxyribose of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the next

b)

Between nitrogenous bases

115.

DNA stands for

(a)  

116.

DNA is

(a)  

117.

DNA functions to store ____ ____

(a)  

118.

Information from DNA is used to make (a)  

119.

RNA makes builds

(a)  

120.

The ______ _____ of molecular biology states that DNA contains instructions for making a protein, which are copied by RNA.

(a)  

121.

Scientists originally thought protein was the heritable material because it’s structure is much more (a)   .

122.

DNA is a ________ _______

(a)  

123.

DNA is a ________ _______

(a)  

124.

Who discovered that harmless bacteria could be transformed into disease-causing bacteria?

(a)  

125.

Who discovered that DNA must be the transforming principle or genetic material

(a)  

126.

Who verified DNA as the heritable molecule by using phages

(a)  

127.

What is the monomer of DNA

(a)  

128.

What is Nucleotide made up of?

(a)  

129.

Who discovered all 4 bases found in all organisms, but proportions are different

(a)  

130.

Who Discovered that DNA was most likely two strands, spaced evenly apart, and twisted into a helical shape.

(a)  

131.

Put all current discoveries together to develop a working model of DNA as a DOUBLE HELIX.

(a)  

132.

What is the overall shape of DNA called?

(a)  

133.

Pyrimidines

a)

T

b)

C

c)

A

d)

G

134.

Purines

a)

T

b)

C

c)

A

d)

G

135.

What are the Nitrogen-Containing Bases

a)

T

b)

C

c)

A

d)

G

136.

According to Base Pairing Rules A is connected with

(a)  

137.

A - T: (x) H Bonds

What is x?

(a)  

138.

According to Base Pairing Rules T is connected with

(a)  

139.

According to Base Pairing Rules C is connected with

(a)  

140.

According to Base Pairing Rules G is connected with

(a)  

141.

C - G: (x) H Bonds

What is x?

(a)  

142.

Chargaff's rules stated that the amount of "A" always = amount of "T" and that amount of "C" always = amount of "G"

a)

True

b)

False

143.

Chargaff's rules stated that the amount of "C" always = amount of "T" and that amount of "A" always = amount of "G"

a)

True

b)

False

144.

DNA is (a)   linked together in a double helix shape

145.

DNA contains instructions for making proteins in sections called (a)   .

146.

(a)   proteins that the DNA winds around in order to fit inside the nucleus

147.

Histone Proteins plays role in gene (a)  

148.

DNA and Histones combined make (a)  

149.

(a)   are tightly coiled chromatin

150.

Humans have (a)   pairs of chromosomes

151.

How many pairs of autosomes do humans have?

(a)  

152.

How many pair of sex chromosomes do humans have?

(a)  

153.

Chromosomes only condense during (a)   or meiosis

154.

Chromosomes only condense during mitosis or (a)  

155.

What is the black circle?

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Phosphate

156.

What is the pentagon?

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Phosphate

157.

What is C?

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Phosphate

158.

What is this structure?

(a)  

159.

DNA makes a complete copy of itself which occurs during the (a)   phase of the cell cycle.

160.

DNA Helicase is a biological (a)  

161.

DNA helicase breaks ____ ____ between bases to unzip DNA

(a)  

162.

DNA ___________ _________ adds free complementary nucleotides, building the missing strands

(a)  

163.

DNA Polymerase III adds free _____________ _______, building the missing strands

(a)  

164.

Multiple replication forks work at one time

a)

True

b)

False

165.

Multiple replication forks work at different time

a)

True

b)

False

166.

The result of forks replicating in DNA is two (a)   DNA molecules, each with one original strand and one newly constructed strand.

167.

The result is two identical DNA molecules, each with one original strand and one newly constructed strand is called

(a)  

168.

Write the complementary strand of DNA

G– A – T – T – C – A – T – A – G – C – G

(Without - and no spaces)

(a)  

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