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STAAR PRACTICE QUIZ #3

Total questions: 142

Worksheet time: 2hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

2.

Mutations that effect gametes and that will be passed on

to the next generation

a)

Genetic change

b)

Protein synthesis

c)

Apoptosis

d)

Cell membrane

3.

A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Somatic Cell

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Gene Mutation

4.

One nucleotide base is changed so only one amino acid

is affected

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Point Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Inverse Mutation

5.

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Substitution Mutation

6.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

7.

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Translocation

8.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

a)

Deletion Mutation

b)

Substitution Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Silent Mutation

9.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base is added

to the DNA sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Substitution Mutation

d)

Chromosomal Mutation

10.

Mutations that involve parts of or all of

a chromosome

a)

Replication

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Transcription

11.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
12.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
13.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
14.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

15.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
16.

how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment

a)

fossil

b)

fitness

c)

inherited trait

17.

A characteristic encoded in DNA and passed from parents to their offspring

a)

heterozygous

b)

fitness

c)

inherited trait

18.

the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

a)

fitness

b)

natural selection

c)

evolution

19.

a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring

a)

population

b)

crowd

c)

species

20.

body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different

a)

analogous structure

b)

homologous structure

c)

vestigial structure

21.

study of the distribution of organisms around the world

a)

herpetology

b)

biogeography

c)

evolution

22.

the gradual change in a species over time

a)

natural selection

b)

evolution

c)

adaptation

23.

inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival

a)

adaptation

b)

evolution

c)

fitness

24.

difference, variety; a condition of having many different types or forms

a)

homologous

b)

vestigial

c)

diversity

25.

structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissues

a)

vestigial structure

b)

analogous structure

c)

homologous structure

26.
Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Albert Einstein
c)
Steven Hawking
d)
Isaac Newton
27.
When every organism of a species has died.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artificial Selection
28.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
29.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
30.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
31.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

32.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
33.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
34.
These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Variation
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Extinction
35.
Evolution typically happens...
a)
in a few weeks
b)
over millions of years
c)
never
d)
in 100 years
36.
If an organism can't adapt fast enough, this might happen.
a)
hibernate
b)
stay the same
c)
live longer
d)
become extinct
37.
Organisms with differences/variations that are helpful will ______________________
a)
live longer
b)
become extinct
c)
show no change
38.

Based on the organism skulls, which organisms share the most recent common ancestor?

​

​Select the two correct answers.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
39.

Scientists can explore whether two different animal species have evolved from a common ancestor, using evidence from all of the sources below except

a)

analysis of strands of DNA

b)

comparisons of bones and muscles

c)

comparison of the experiences of each organism

d)

studies of embryos during development

40.

​Based on the fossil layers shown, what can you infer about the past environment at this location?

a)

The environment at this location has never changed

b)

The organisms at this environment became simpler over time

c)

The environment began as a dry land environment, then evolved into an ocean or water environment.

d)

The environment began as an ocean or water environment, then evolved into a dry land environment.

41.
The Galapagos Islands, a small group of islands off the coast of Ecuador, is home to reptiles such as the giant tortoise and the iguana. The eastern islands are much older than the islands to the west.  Which statement about the origin of these reptiles is best supported by this information?
a)
The ancestor of each species came from different continents at different times.
b)
The common ancestors of the reptiles probably came from Equador.
c)
The common ancestor of each species evolved in Peru and came to the islands at the same time.
42.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
43.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
44.
What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?
a)
species change over time
b)
extinct species are not related to living species
c)
different species can interbreed
d)
animals that look alike are most closely related
45.
If modern organisms have a lot of homologous structures, what inference might paleontologists make about those organisms?
a)
They are reptiles
b)
One organism evolved from the other.
c)
The organisms have a common ancestor
46.
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
a)
Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
b)
Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
c)
Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
d)
Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
47.
Scientists compare organisms' DNA to support the theory that all species share a common _________________
a)
separation
b)
ancestor
c)
population
d)
environment
48.
The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram
a)
The organisms share a common ancestry.
b)
The organisms belong to the same genus.
c)
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
d)
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
49.

Recently, scientists have been able to use ___________to find common proteins and amino acids to determine how closely related species are.

a)

DNA

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Fossils

d)

Homologous structures

50.
Which one of these isn't one of the 5 kingdom names?
a)
Animalia
b)
Protista
c)
FUngi
d)
Virusia
51.
Bacteria is included in what type of Kingdom?
a)
Animalia Kingdom
b)
Plant Kingdom
c)
Monera Kingdom
d)
Protista Kingdom
52.
Dandelion, What kingdom does it belongs to?
a)
Plant Kingdom
b)
Animal Kingdom
c)
Fungi Kingdom
d)
Protista Kingdom
53.
Mosquito  belongs to what kingdom?
a)
Animal Kingdom
b)
Plant Kingdom
c)
Fungi Kingdom
d)
Protista Kingdom
54.
Autotrophs- make their own  food.
Heterotrophs- obtain food from other animals.
Observing the table above, Fungi and Animals are________?
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Heterotrophs
55.
Plants are heterotrophs.
a)
True
b)
False
56.
Which of the following pairs is most closely related?
a)
snake & alligator
b)
Kangaroo and snapper fish
c)
Penguin and snake
57.
A hard outer covering on some insects is called an______?
a)
Skeleton
b)
exoskeleton
c)
Skin
d)
Flesh
58.
A scientific name consists of 
a)
Genus and Order
b)
Genus and Domain
c)
Genus and species
d)
Kingdon and Phylum
59.
The most general in the order of classification is?
a)
Kingdom 
b)
Phylum 
c)
Class 
d)
Order
60.
The most specific of the classifications is?
a)
class 
b)
order 
c)
genus 
d)
species
61.
Which term means "True Nucleus" or cell(s) with a nucleus?
a)
Eukaryotes
b)
Prokaryotes
c)
Multi-cellular
62.
What kingdom's organisms often live in super harsh environments?
a)
archea
b)
animalia
c)
plantae
d)
protista
63.
Mushrooms are an example of this Kingdom?
a)
Animalia
b)
Protista 
c)
Archea 
d)
Fungi
64.
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, _______
a)
Family 
b)
Order
c)
Genus 
d)
Species
65.
Which of the following organisms are LEAST closely related?
a)
organisms that share a domain
b)
organisms that share a family 
c)
organisms that share a genus 
d)
organisms that share a species 
66.
The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.
a)
Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
b)
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
c)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
d)
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus
67.
Which organisms are most closely related?
a)
Equus caballas (Horse) & Equus burchellii (Zebra)
b)
Cyanea artica (Jellyfish) &
Ctenodiscus crispatus (Mud Starfish)
c)
Naja naja (cobra) & Glycine max (soya bean)
d)
Ophiocomina nigra (black brittle star) & Brassica nigra (black mustard)
68.
The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is called:
a)
Geology
b)
Biology
c)
Taxonomy
d)
Chemistry
69.

Why do scientists use scientific names?

a)

to confuse people

b)

to have a common language

c)

to allow people to say the same thing

d)

because common names are not appropriate

70.
Using this dichotomous key, identity the name of the circled fish.
a)
band-tail puffer
b)
spotted goat fish
c)
peacock flounder
d)
trumpet fish
71.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
72.
Binomial nomenclature is the ____________ system for naming organisms.
a)
Numerical
b)
Symbolical
c)
two word
d)
alphabetical
73.
___ shows the relationship between species
a)
Classification
b)
Visible similarity
c)
Family history
d)
Biology
74.
Who developed the method of classification in the 18th century?
a)
Aristotle
b)
Plato
c)
Linnaeus
d)
Darwin
75.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
76.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
77.
Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?
a)
jaws
b)
mammary glands & hair
c)
terrestrial during all life stages
d)
bipedal & opposable thumbs
78.
Cladograms are constructed by grouping organisms together based on their____________ characteristics.
a)
shared
b)
different
c)
similar
d)
opposite
79.
Which two orgainsms have hair? 
a)
Sharks & Ray Finned Fish
b)
Primates & Rodents
c)
Birds & Crocodiles
d)
Rabbits & Birds
80.
What trait separates sharks from ray-finned fish?
a)
Vertebrae
b)
Bony skeleton
c)
Four limbs
d)
None
81.

Which species is most closely related to species C?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

D

82.

All the animals to the right of the salamander would have the common characteristic of...

a)

Fur

b)

Claws or nails

c)

Lungs

d)

Jaws

83.

Which is the newest trait?

a)

Amniotic egg

b)

Walking legs

c)

Jaws

d)

Hair

84.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Cladogram

c)

Family Tree

d)

Oak Tree

85.
According to this cladogram, primates are most closely related to -
a)
Amphibians
b)
Rodents and rabbits
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
86.
You look at two species and see very similar amino acid sequences. What does this likely tell you?
a)
These are the same animal.
b)
These animals have a common ancestor.
c)
These animals are not likely related.
d)
These animals are likely becoming one species.
87.

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the chimpanzee?

a)

salmon

b)

salamander

c)

lizard

d)

hamster

88.

Which trait(s) do conifers have?

a)

vascular tissue only

b)

vascular tissue and seeds

c)

vascular tissue, seeds and flowers

d)

seeds only

89.
How does a virus cause a person to develop the common cold?
a)
invades the host cell to reproduce
b)
removes energy from the host cell
c)
produces toxins in the host cell
d)
protects the host cell from bacteria
90.
What part of the phage is the DNA?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
91.
Antibiotics kill viruses
a)
True
b)
False
92.
True or False
The flu is caused by a virus.
a)
true
b)
false
93.
A(n) _____ is a virus that enters a bacterial cell.
a)
endospore
b)
decomposer
c)
plasmid
d)
bacteriophage
94.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
95.
What part of a virus is the protein capsule that houses the genetic material (DNA/RNA)?
a)
tail
b)
nucleus
c)
capsid
d)
glycoprotein
96.
Which type of replication allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
a)
active (lytic)
b)
mitosis
c)
hidden (lysogenic)
d)
cellular respiration
97.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
98.
Viruses 
a)
have many cells
b)
are misfolded proteins
c)
are a protein coat around genetic material
d)
endospores
99.
Viruses can reproduce on their own
a)
False
b)
True
c)
Sometimes
100.
What is the main function of the projections on the surface of a virus?
a)
They aid in respiration
b)
They help the virus grow
c)
They help the virus invade its host by attaching to specific sites on the host
d)
They help the virus digest food molecules
101.
Which can be treated with antibiotics?
a)
Virus
b)
Bacteria
c)
Mutagen
d)
Parasite
102.
Which of the following is NOT a possible part of a virus?
a)
 Capsid
b)
   DNA
c)
 Nucleus
d)
RNA
103.
What process is this?
a)
phagocytosis
b)
lytic cycle
c)
lysogenic cycle
d)
formation of antibodies
104.
What is shown here?
a)
Lysogenic Cycle
b)
Lytic Cycle
c)
Binary Fission
d)
Conjugation
105.
This infectious viral disease has many symptoms, from chills, fever, and aching muscles to coughing and sneezing to nausea and vomiting. The symptoms show up within 2-7 days after the cell is infected.  This is an example of?
a)
Lytic Cycle
b)
Lysogenic Cycle
c)
Meiosis
106.
What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?
a)
A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.
b)
A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.
c)
A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.
d)
A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.
107.

The part of the plant

that is generally

under the ground

and in the soil

a)

Reproductive System

b)

Transpiration

c)

Shoot System

d)

Root System

108.

The part of the plant

that is generally above the ground including stems, leaves, buds and reproductive structures

a)

Stem System

b)

Leaf system

c)

Shoot system

d)

Xylem

109.

The tubes and support that transport water

and nutrients up, down and around in plants

a)

Vascular System

b)

Shoot System

c)

Root System

d)

Reproductive System

110.

Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of water and minerals up from the roots and around the plant.

a)

Stomata

b)

Transpiration

c)

Phloem

d)

Xylem

111.

Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of glucose down and around in a plant.

a)

Transpiration

b)

Xylem

c)

Phloem

d)

Root Hairs

112.

Where does photosynthesis takes place?

a)

The flower

b)

The leaf

c)

The stem

d)

The root

113.

What is the vascular tissue that transports water up the plant?

a)

Xylem

b)

Phloem

c)

Roots

d)

Shoot

114.

What is NOT a function of the root system?

a)

Anchor the plant to the ground

b)

Absorb water and nutrients

c)

Store energy for example in potatoes or carrots

d)

Create food for the plant through photosynthesis

115.

What vascular tissue carries organic nutrients "sugar" throughout the plant?

a)

Xylem

b)

Phloem

c)

Cones

d)

Leafs

116.

What is a function of the root system?

a)

Absorb Water

b)

Absorb sun light

c)

Reproduce

d)

Take in carbon dioxide

117.

What is a function of the root system

a)

Anchor the plant

b)

Protect the plant from viruses

c)

Reproduce

d)

Gas Exchange

118.

Xylem transports ...

a)

Water

b)

Sugar (Organic Nutrients)

c)

Sand

d)

Wind

119.

The fertilized ovary develops into a fruit.

a)

True

b)

False

120.

This is when a pollen grain combines with an egg in the plant's ovary.

a)

Fertilization

b)

Pollenation

c)

Reproduction

d)

Germination

121.

These are flowering plants that protect their seeds inside of a fruit.

a)

Cochemeas

b)

Gymnosperms

c)

Wildflowers

d)

Angiosperms

122.

Which part of the Stamen contains pollen?

a)

Anther

b)

Filament

c)

Ovary

d)

Style

123.

What sticky part of the Pistil receives pollen?

a)

Anther

b)

Filament

c)

Stigma

d)

Sepal

124.

What part of a flower is this?

a)

Stamen

b)

Pistil

c)

Sepal

d)

Stomata

125.

A change in a plant's growth in response to an external stimulus is called ________________.

a)

Stimulism

b)

Biotic Factor

c)

Tropism

d)

Commensalism

126.

What type of tropism is exhibited here?

a)

Phototropism

b)

Hydrotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Gravitropism

127.

The transfer of pollen from the male flower parts to the female flower parts is called ______________.

a)

Fertilization

b)

Pollenation

c)

Reproduction

d)

Dispersion

128.

What type of tropism is exhibited here? (Notice the roots)

a)

Phototropism

b)

Hydrotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Gravitropism

129.

Why are flowers colorful?

a)

It helps photosynthesis

b)

To attract pollenators

c)

Natural camouflage

d)

To regulate temperature

130.

What type of tropism is exhibited here?

a)

Phototropism

b)

Hydrotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Gravitropism

131.

What part of the flower is the green structure in the middle?

a)

Stamen

b)

Pistil

c)

Sepal

d)

Stomata

132.

What type of seed dispersal carries lightweight seeds with feathery or wing-like structures?

a)

Wind

b)

Water

c)

Fire

d)

Self-Dispersal

133.
What systems brings in oxygen for your cells to use?
a)
reproductive system
b)
digestive system
c)
respiratory system
d)
endocrine system
134.
Digested food is absorbed in the_______.
a)
colon
b)
large intestine
c)
small intestine
d)
stomach
135.
What body system includes the kidneys and bladder?
a)
circulatory system
b)
reproductive system
c)
digestive system 
d)
urinary system
136.
The muscular organ that pumps blood through out your body is your _________
a)
diaphragm
b)
heart
c)
larynx
d)
pharynx
137.
Food is broken down to supply energy for your body in the ____________
a)
digestive system
b)
endocrine system
c)
excretory system
d)
reproductive system
138.
Your skin and hair are parts of your ___________
a)
endocrine system
b)
excretory system
c)
immune system
d)
integumentary system
139.
The body system that helps you heal is the _______________
a)
circulatory system
b)
immune system
c)
integumentary system
d)
respiratory system
140.
The body system you use for movement is the ____________
a)
muscular system
b)
nervous system
c)
respiratory system
d)
urinary system
141.
The system that controls your body's growth and responses is the __________
a)
immune system
b)
excretory system
c)
endocrine system
d)
integumentary system
142.
The system that removes waste from your body is the ____________
a)
digestive system
b)
endocrine system
c)
excretory stystem
d)
integumentary system

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