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WorksheetsKAPBiology Finals Study 9th Grade
Total questions: 169
Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins
The monomers for Proteins
nucleotide
amino acids
glycerol head, fatty acid tails
simple sugars
What polymer is shown in the photo?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
What are the monomers for Lipids?
nucleotides
glycerol
carbohydrate
fatty acids
What is Dehydration Synthesis?
Water is released to make a bond
Water is added to break a bond
What are the four macromolecules?
Proteins, Disaccharides, Carbohydrates, Simple Sugars
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleotide, Lipids
Lipids, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins
Define: Polymerization
monomers join together to form polymers
polymers join together to form monomers
Water is added in order to break a bond.
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrophobic
Hydrolysis
Provides quick energy for all organisms. Main source of energy for all cells.
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Define: cellulose
polysaccharide stored in animals, stored in liver and muscles
polysaccharide stored in plants (bread, potatoes, pasta, and grains)
polysaccharide that gives support and structure to plant cells (fiber) most abundant organic chemical on earth
3 groups of carbohydrates
cellulose
disaccharides
monosaccharides
saccharide
polysaccharides
Function of Lipids
Long term storage
Short term storage
Lipids are hydrophobic
True
False
What Polymer is shown in the picture?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Needed for growth, maintenance and repair of living materials
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins contain the elements…
C, H, O
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, N, P
Denaturing Proteins does not change the function of the protein.
True
False
Select all that are true: Enzymes are…
Catalysts
Substrates
Made of Proteins
Ends with “-ase”
Specific
Select the all that are true: Things that affect the rate which enzymes work…
Water availability
Temperature
pH
Sunlight
Concentration
Function is to store and transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Select all that are true: Nucleotides include..
phosphate group
pentose sugar
nitrogenous base
glycerol
What element is in all organic compounds?
Nitrogen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Starch is made of glucose molecules.
True
False
The storage form of sugar in plants.
Cellulose
Starch
glycogen
How many different amino acids are there?
9
12
10
20
Example of a Lipid
(a)
Where do unsaturated fats come from?
Animal fats
Plants oils
Are saturated or unsaturated fats better?
unsaturated
saturated
Experiment: How does the flavor of ice cream affect the speed of melting?
The flavor of ice cream is the ___________ variable.
independent
dependent
Define: Homeostasis
The ability to reproduce
Species change over time
Maintain a stable internal environment
Respond to the environment
Made of cells, reproduce, have a genetic code, grow and develop, and use energy are characteristics of...
Non-living things
Living things
Prokaryotes
Plants
What is shown in the picture above?
Hypertonic solution
Hypotonic solution
Isotonic solution
Where does meiosis occur in people? (two answers)
Body cells
Somatic cells
Sex cells
Gametes
Type the complimentary strand for this DNA strand (all caps)
A T G C G C T A T A T G C C G
(a)
What causes Down syndrome?
Trisomy 12
Extra chromosome at pair #21
45 chromosomes
Extra X chromosomes
What organelle does 11 represent?
Lysosome
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is nondisjunction?
Variation among organisms
Fusion of two haploid cells
Equal separation of chromosomes
Unequal separation of chromosomes
What are the male sex chromosomes?
XY
XX
XXY
YY
Division of the cytoplasm and organelles.
Interphase
Cytokinesis
Mitosis
Anaphase
The stages of mitosis. (four answers)
Prophase
Telophase
Interphase
Anaphase
Metaphase
What is the purpose of meiosis?
Replace worn out skin cells
Growth of cells
Produce gametes
Osmosis is the spontaneous passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a semipermeable membrane.
True
False
What are the types of passive transport?
(three answers)
Concentration
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Solute
Osmosis
What is yeast used for?
Lactic acid fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Glycolysis
Alcoholic Fermentation
A student performed an experiment that tested how many days it takes different types of grass seed to grow to a height of two inches. Four types of grass seed were tested, and the student recorded the number of days for each type to grow. Use this information to answer the next question.
What should be held constant in this experiment?
amount of sunlight, amount of water, and type of soil
amount of sunlight
amount of water and type of soil
amount of water
What organelle does #2 represent?
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes
Ribosome
Nucleus
Where are genes located?
Chromosomes
Alleles
Chloroplasts
Nucleotides
What is heterozygous?
One dominant and one recessive gene
Both pairs of genes are the same
What are the nucleic acids?
DNA
Deoxyribose sugar
Your mom
RNA
Which organelle is the nucleus?
8
5
10
7
Who determines the sex of the offspring?
Male
Female
Define: Phenotype
Physical appearance
Genetic Makeup
When cancer cells do NOT stop dividing it leads to a...
nothing happens
tumor
external injury
lack of cells
Types of tumors...
(two answers)
Virus
Malignant
Benign
Genetics
What is the point of mutation?
A genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted.
To fix a mistake in a DNA or RNA sequence.
Regulate the cell cycle.
To affect the rate of cell division.
Crossing over creates...
New species.
Homozygous genotypes.
New combinations of genes on each chromosome.
The same combination of genes on each chromosome as the parents.
Which process is shown in the picture above?
Meiosis
Mitosis
Which is an example of a genotype?
Crossing over
AABb
Green eyes, brown hair
Gametes
Which process requires energy?
Passive Transport
Active Transport
What type of solution is shown in the picture?
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
What are heterotrophs?
Get energy from foods they eat.
Use chemical energy.
Use sunlight to make their own food.
Asexually reproduce.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Process creating ATP.
Respiration requiring oxygen.
Respiration NOT requiring oxygen.
Process creating lactic acid in the muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to tissues.
What is frameshift mutation?
Base inserted into the DNA sequence.
Shifts the reading frame of genetic message.
Base removed from the DNA sequence.
One base is changed for another.
Name one difference between RNA and DNA.
The variables you keep the same in the experiment are called
independent variables
dependent variables
controlled variables
hypothesis
T = tall and t = short
In the Punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
tt
Tt
Bb
TT
b= blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes:
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
A female has the genotype Bb and the male has a genotype of bb. What would be the percentage of their children with homozygous recessive.
50%
25%
100%
75%
Which sex show sex-linked traits more?
Female (X)
Male (Y)
What are autotrophs?
Get energy from foods they eat.
Use chemical energy.
Use sunlight to make their own food.
Asexually reproduce.
What are gametes?
Sex cells
Body cells
Somatic cells
What does meiosis produce?
3 sperm cells and 1 egg cell
4 sperm cells
2 sperm cells and 2 egg cells
nothing
Which is larger - a sperm or egg cell?
Sperm
Egg
What is an enzyme?
Catalysts in living organisms.
A tumor.
Slows down the process of a chemical reaction.
Example of a polymer:
Glycogen
Amino Acid
Nucleotide
Protein
Most enzymes are made of...
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Catalysts
Nucleic Acids
What 2 organelles are in plants but not in animals?
Cell wall
Vacuole
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
What is the function of a ribosome?
Determines what goes in and out of the cell
Hold organelles
Make proteins
Transport proteins
What is the function of a chloroplast?
Makes Proteins
Produce glucose
Break down and recycle used cell components
Transport proteins
What type of solution is shown in the picture?
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes.
Zygote
Gamete
Somatic cell
Body cell
The appearance in a phenotype of a characteristic or effect attributed to a particular gene.
Characteristics
Genotype
Gene expression
Internal traits
What is the function of a vacuole?
Photosynthesis
Enzymes that break down and recycle used cell components
Storage
Powerhouse
What is the function of a nucleus?
Bundles of microtubules that play a role in cell division
Provide structure
Support and protection of the cell
Control center of the cell
Can you find where I asked?
No
Yes
Peanut Butter
Jelly
Not really
What type of division is responsible for replacement of damaged tissues?
Meiosis
Miosis
What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that determine the gender of a child
A matched pair of chromosomes
Two different chromosomes
The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
Centromere
Chromatin
Nucleus
Nucleotide
What does haploid mean?
(n)Half the number of chromosomes
Type of cell: gametes (sex cells)
(2n)Full number of chromosomes
Type of cell: somatic (body cells)
A starch is an example of what type of carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
What forms a disaccharide?
Many sugars
Double sugars
One sugar
Which organelle is #9?
Rough ER
Golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
Ribosome
What are the alleles that determine blood type?
IA and IB
IA,IB, and i
A, B, O
A, B, o
What are alleles?
Made of chromosomes
Different genes (possibilities) for the same trait
Phenotype
Genotype
What is fiber in your diet?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids
Purpose of spindle fibers...
To separate chromatids
Form nuclear envelope
Unwind into chromatin
Create two daughter cells
When are the chromosomes visible in the cell cycle?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What number on the diagram represents a rough ER?
2
3
10
6
Which number in the diagram represents a cell wall?
2
1
3
9
What is a carcinogen?
A gene which in certain circumstances can transform a cell into a tumor cell.
Any substance that causes cancer. Induces DNA damage.
Carbohydrates
What is an oncogene?
A type of catalyst.
Any substance that causes cancer.
A gene which in certain circumstances can transform a cell into a tumor cell.
What lipid molecule can be deposited on the walls of blood vessels?
Starch
Cholesterol
Glycerol
Oils
What does DNA look like?
Your mom
A ladder twisted into a spiral
A twisted hose
Your dad
The process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
tRNA
Translation
Transcription
DNA replication
What is a nucleotide?
Basic building block of lipids
Basic building block of carbohydrates
Basic building block of nucleic acids
Basic building block of proteins
What organic compound are human sex hormones?
Carbohydrates
Steroids
Lipids
Gametes
What organic compounds make up the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
What is the cell theory?
(3 answers)
Cells are produced only from other cells
Living things are composed of one more or cells
All organisms have the same genetic makeup
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms
Cells grow and develop
What organisms contain cell membranes?
Animal cells
Plant cells
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
All cells
What enzymes are used in DNA replication?
Sucrase
DNA polymerase
Lactase
Ligase
Helicase
Cancer spreads to a different body part from where it started.
Metastasis
Tumor
Meiosis
Mitosis
Is all the DNA expressed in every cell of an organism?
Yes, all DNA is expressed in every cell at all times.
No, some DNA aren't expressed.
No, DNA is never expressed.
I don't know.
One difference between DNA and RNA is...
RNA is single stranded
RNA contains the nucleobase thymine
RNA contains deoxyribose sugars
There are no differences
What is the purpose of DNA?
Hold structure to our bodies
Hold instructions for an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce
Give us our external features
Create somatic cells to replace dead cells
What protein in the cell membrane must match in organ donors and recipients?
Transport proteins
Antibodies
Marker proteins
Contractile proteins
That some particles are capable of passing through a cell membrane while other particles cannot.
Osmosis
Selective Permeability
Active transport
Passive transport
Which of the following traits of a dog is inherited from its parents?
the presence of fleas in its fur
the color of its fur
the ability to sit up and beg
the habit of barking to go outside
What are the differences between diffusion, osmosis and active transport?
Active transport requires no ATP but diffusion and osmosis do.
Diffusion and osmosis don't require energy but active transport does.
Osmosis and diffusion are a type of active transport.
How do cells maintain homeostasis?
Regulation, produce more cells
Stand under the sun
Use less ATP
Use catalysts to increase rate of a chemical reaction
What is active transport?
Process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane without using ATP
Process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane using ATP
Do plants wilt because they are in a hypotonic or a hypertonic solution?
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
This is the structure of an...
Uracil
Glycine
Carbohydrate
Amino acid
Enzymes lower a reaction's activation energy.
True
False
If you add sugar to water, which is the solute?
Sugar
Water
Sugar-water mixture
There is none
Catalysts slow down the rate of a chemical reaction.
True
False
What organisms contain cell walls with cellulose?
Eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
Animal cells
Plants cells
Reduce the compatibility of substrate and enzyme.
Rate of reaction
Inhibitors
Substrate
Active site
What type permeability is the cell membrane?
Semipermeable
Impermeable
Permeable
What are ATP’s?
Enzymes
Nucleotides
Energy
Catalysts
What are the reactants in cellular respiration?
ATP
Glucose and oxygen
Carbon dioxide and water
Sunlight
Which is more efficient - anaerobic or aerobic?
Anaerobic
Aerobic
What are two types of anaerobic respiration?
Alcoholic fermentation
Fermentation
Glycolysis
Lactic acid fermentation
Which number represents a chloroplast?
4
3
13
5
What is endocytosis?
Cell surrounds and takes in solids from its environment making a vacuole
Cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment making a vacuole
Cell surrounds and takes in dissolved molecules and liquids from its environment making a vacuole
Used to remove things from the cell like wastes or hormones
What does selectively permeable mean?
Property of cell membrane that only allows certain molecules to move in and out of the cell
Property of cell membrane that doesn't permit passage
Capable of being permeated
What are the reactants of photosynthesis? What are the products?
Reactants: Carbon, water, light
Reactants: Oxygen, Glucose
Products: Oxygen, Glucose
Products: Carbon, water, light
What is the ultimate source of energy for all living things?
Plants
Oxygen
Sunlight
Jesus
What part of DNA has the information to direct protein synthesis?
Chromosomes
Genes
Nitrogen Base
Phosphate group
Do all cells of an organism contain the same DNA?
True
False
Light reaction, dark reaction, Calvin cycle refer to what process?
Light reaction
Dark reaction
Doesn't refer to any process
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration.
Osmosis
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
What is the plant pigment that processes light energy?
Algae
Chlorophyll
Cellulose
Chloroplasts
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain refer to what process?
Cellular respiration
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Reproduction
How many chromosomes are in a human cell?
47
46
23
21
What is a polar body?
3 egg cells that give up their cytoplasm to nourish the 1 good egg
1 viable sperm egg
A fertilized egg
Organism in early stage of development
Which nucleic acid carries the pattern for the assembly of proteins?
tRNA
DNA
rRNA
mRNA
How many functional egg cells does meiosis produce?
1
2
3
4
Refers to the full chromosome set within the nucleus of a cell
Karyotype
Alleles
Chromatin
Centriole
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
(3 answers)
Animals
Carbon Dioxide
Light Intensity
Sound Intensity
Water
In the cell cycle what phase takes the longest?
Miosis
Interphase
Cytokinesis
Metaphase
What is another name for anaerobic respiration?
Cellular respiration
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Breathing
What does 1 represent?
A protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane.
Marker protein
Channel protein
Phospholipid bilayer
Cholesterol
What is phagocytosis?
Cell surrounds and takes in solids from its environment making a vacuole
Cell surrounds and takes in materials from its environment making a vacuole
Cell surrounds and takes in dissolved molecules and liquids from its environment making a vacuole
Used to remove things from the cell like waste or hormones
What is facilitated diffusion?
Movement against the concentration gradient
Diffusion of water
Diffusion with the help of a protein
Movement of a high to low concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached
Process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP in plants and animals.
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration
In what organisms does cellular respiration occur? (select all that applies)
Plants
Animals
Atoms
Bacteria
Molecules
What is the flow of genetic information, starting with DNA?
DNA to protein to RNA
DNA to tRNA to protein
DNA to rRNA to protein
DNA to mRNA to protein
“decoding” a messenger RNA (mRNA) and using its information to build a polypeptide.
Translation
Transcription
Replication
Sequencing
During cellular respiration energy is transferred from…
Carbon dioxide and water to Glucose and oxygen
Glucose and oxygen to Carbon dioxide and water
Glucose and oxygen to ATP
Carbon dioxide and water to ATP
What does marker proteins do?
Identify cells from other cells by carbohydrate attached
Attach membrane to cytoskeleton
Attach one cell to another
Transmit information through the membrane receptor it fits, triggering a response on the opposite side of the membrane
A series of three mRNA bases that code for a specific amino acid.
Codon
Anti-codon
tRNA has a triplet of nucleotides that is complementary to the codon in mRNA.
codon
anti-codon
Where does anaerobic respiration occur in people?
Lungs
Somatic cells
Muscles during strenuous exercise
Gametes
Define: Cytolysis
the bursting of cell due to the excessive influx of of water
contraction of the protoplast of a plant cell as a result of loss of water from the cell
Define: Plasmolysis
the bursting of cell due to the excessive influx of water
contraction of the protoplast of a plant cell as a result of loss of water from the cell
Hydrogen bonds are the… of DNA
glue
mother
father
backbone
