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Semester Exam Final Review

Total questions: 176

Worksheet time: 6hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
2.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
3.
the process of making a copy of DNA
a)
transcription
b)
double helix
c)
DNA replication
d)
replication fork
4.
The shape of DNA.
a)
double helix
b)
nucleotide
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
single stranded
5.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

6.
Which statement about DNA is true?
a)
Different people can have the same copy of DNA in their cells.
b)
DNA is made up of genes that carry hereditary information.
c)
DNA controls the genotype but not the phenotype of an organism.
d)
DNA controls the genotype only in the second and third generations.
Question
7.

Which statement best explains how a child grew up to have blond hair?

A. The child inherited genes with instructions for blond hair from both parents.

B. The gene for hair color in the child was influenced by the environment at birth.

C. The child received one set of genes from the father's side that coded for blond hair.

D. The gene for blond hair in the child is more common than that of any other hair color.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

8.

Which statement best describes the origin of inherited traits?

A. An organism's inherited traits are determined by genetic material stored in the chromosomes, and they are passed from parent to offspring.

B. An organism's inherited traits are based on genetic information stored in the cytoplasm, and they are passed from parent to offsprin.

C. An organism's inherited traits are determined by chemicals in the brain, and they adapt to changes over time.

D. An organism's inherited traits are based on their environment, and they adapt to changes over time

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

9.

Every organism has its own unique set of DNA. Within this DNA are genes that distinguish one organism from another. These genes are passed on to offspring as dense structures of DNA known as

A. chromosomes.

B. chromatin.

C. proteins.

D. polymerase.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

10.

There can be 3 different dogs: a pit bull, a golden retriever & a chocolate lab.

Even though they are all dogs, why do they look different from each other?

A. They are found in different parts of the world.

B. They are nourished by completely different diets.

C. They have different genes that were inherited.

D. They are at different stages of development.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

11.

What is the passing of genetic information from one generation to the next?

A. genes

B. heredity

C. cloning RNA

D. nuclei

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

12.

In organisms, all physical traits and some personality traits are determined by

A. their surrounding environment.

B. their genetic makeup.

C. the majority of a population.

D. the availability of resources.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

13.

The picture shows 6 cats. Although they are all members of the cat family, what best explains why they look different from each other?

A. They are living in different environments.

B. They chose to have different traits at birth.

C. They inherited genes from different parents.

D. They are at different stages of development.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

14.

Two sisters are born from a father who has blue eyes and a mother who has brown eyes. One sister has blue eyes, and the other has brown eyes. Which of the following explains this difference in eye color?

A. Each sister inherited a different combination of alleles from their parents that determined their eye color.

B. One of the sisters inherited all of her alleles from the mother, and the other sister inherited only from the father. C. The environment caused the alleles to be expressed in different ways, making the sisters' eye colors different.

D. The sister with the blue eyes had only one allele for determining eye color, and the sister with brown eyes had two

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

15.

A student made the diagram above. What mistake did the student make in her diagram?

A. She switched the labels of the gene and the chromosome.

B. She switched the labels of the nucleus and the gene.

C. Chromosomes are not located in the nucleus.

D. Genes are not located in cells.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

16.

The pictures show a platypus, the fungus Hydnellum peckii, and a carnivorous drosera plant. Though broadly diverse, what do these three organisms have in common?

A. All require eight hours of sunlight each day to be healthy. B. All traits are determined by genes acquired through heredity.

C. All use sunlight to make food through photosynthesis.

D. All reproduce asexually to create diverse offspring

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

17.

The picture shows a girl with a widow's peak. The girl has a widow's peak because of her

A. genes, which are located in chromosomes in her cells' nuclei.

B. hormones, which are passed on from previous generations.

C. nutrition, and indicates her needs are met. D. environment, in which it is an advantage.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

18.

Which sentence best describes the relationship between genes and chromosomes?

A. Genes are found within chromosomes.

B. Several chromosomes make up one gene.

C. Genes are located inside the nucleus, and chromosomes are located outside the nucleus.

D. Chromosomes are located inside the nucleus, and genes are located outside the nucleus.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

19.

This model can be used as evidence to support which claim?

a)

Proteins are found inside of chromosomes and chromosomes make up proteins.

b)

DNA makes up the majority of a cell and contributes to the functions of chromosomes.

c)

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of all cells and they contain long strands of DNA and proteins.

20.

Which option gives the best definition of the word phenotype?

a)

The word phenotype describes an organism's physical features, related to their genotype that we can actually see.

b)

The word phenotype describes an organisms genetic make up in letters.

c)

The word phenotype describes an organisms ability to pass it's genetic material down to it's offspring.

21.

Genes are found within bands of DNA. Which sentence best describes the function of a gene.

a)

Genes create more DNA for the organism to use later.

b)

Genes create instructions that tell cells which proteins to make.

c)

Genes create chromosomes for organisms to pass down to their offspring.

22.

Which of the following caused this snake to have two heads?

a)

A cross between two types of snakes.

b)

A cell in it's body.

c)

A genetic mutation.

23.

Select all of the examples of genotypes.

a)

Gg

b)

Green Eyes

c)

DD

d)

dd

e)

Black Hair

24.

This model best shows...

a)

A DNA sequence with a possible mutated gene.

b)

A DNA sequence with more than one chromosome.

c)

A DNA sequence with normal genes.

25.

_________________ is the genetic makeup or combination of alleles in an organism.

a)

The phenotype

b)

The genotype

26.

Select all of the examples of traits:

a)

Hair color

b)

Being tall or short

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Having a good report card.

e)

Having 6 fingers.

27.

Zenobia's mother and father have brown eyes. Which of the following statements is true about Zenobia's eyes?

a)

Zenobia probably has blue eyes.

b)

Zenobia probably has brown eyes.

c)

Zenobia probably has green eyes.

28.

Select the most accurate claim about chromosomes, genes and DNA.

a)

Chromosomes, genes and DNA work together inside of the cells of organisms.

b)

Chromosomes hold DNA.

c)

Chromosomes are made up of long strands of DNA which contain segments of genes.

d)

Genes are found inside of segments of DNA strands.

29.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

30.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

31.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

32.
a)

10

b)

8

c)

6

d)

4

33.

"Offspring" means:

a)

Children

b)

Parents

34.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

35.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

36.
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

37.

Study the diagram.Based on the diagram, which statement is true?

a)

Genes are made up of chromosomes.

b)

Chromosomes contain a single gene.

c)

Centromeres hold instructions for how to make proteins.

d)

Genes are present on chromosomes and control traits in an individual.

38.

The lightly shaded regions of a chromosome represent sections of DNA called genes. What type of information is encoded within genes?

a)

Genes are sections of proteins that code for specific DNA sequences.

b)

Genes are sections of proteins that code for specific cells.

c)

Genes are sections of DNA that code for specific proteins.

d)

Genes are sections of cells that code for specific proteins.

39.

Examine the diagram.What is the correct description of the structure in the box labeled Z?

a)

It is a protein, which is composed of amino acids, found on a chromosome.

b)

It is a protein, which is composed of DNA, found only in asexually reproducing organisms.

c)

It is a gene, which is composed of DNA, found on a chromosome.

d)

It is a gene, which is composed of amino acids, found only in sexually reproducing organisms.

40.

Most cells in the human body contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. The diagram represents human chromosome 7. Each lightly shaded band represents a section of DNA that is divided into numerous genes. Since a gene ultimately codes for protein production, what can be inferred from this diagram?

a)

Chromosomes contain multiple genes that code for the production of several different types of proteins.

b)

Chromosomes contain multiple genes that collectively code for the production of one specific protein.

c)

Chromosomes contain a single gene split up into several sections, coding for the production of one specific protein.

d)

Chromosomes contain a single gene split up into several sections, coding for the production of several different types of proteins.

41.

The diagram shows relationships between certain structures within the cell. Which chart correctly identifies these structures and the relationships between them?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

42.

A student lists some characteristics of asexual reproduction in plants. Which characteristics did the student list correctly?

a)

1 and 2

b)

1 and 4

c)

2 and 3

d)

2 and 4

43.

Use the model to answer the question.

Examine the model.Which process is shown in the model?

a)

meiosis

b)

metabolism

c)

mitosis

d)

mutation

44.

Which of these are part of Mitosis?

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

e)

Cytokines

45.

What are the "X" shaped things in the drawing.

a)

PMATs

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Telophase

46.

During what phase of Mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the Middle

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Telophase

d)

Anaphase

47.

Which stage of the Life Cycle of the cell is this cell in (look close-the DNA hasn't formed Chromosomes (X) yet)

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

48.

PMAT helps us remember the correct order of the phases of Mitosis. Which of the following has the phases of Mitosis in the correct Order

a)

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

c)

Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

49.

In which phase of Mitosis do the Chromosomes pull Apart

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

50.

What is the purpose of Mitosis?

a)

Growth of an organism and Repair of damaged tissue

b)

To help the body get rid of extra cells

c)

To increase the amount of classwork you have to do

d)

To get rid of the nucleus

51.
A new organism is produced from one parent organism.
a)
Sexual Reproduction
b)
Asexual Reproduction
52.
Mitosis is a type of ________________ reproduction.
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
53.
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
6
54.
Where does an off spring get its traits in asexual reproduction?
a)
From both parents
b)
From only one parent
c)
From neither parent
d)
There are no traits handed down
55.
Sexual reproduction requires _____ parents and asexual reproduction requires ___ parents
a)
1,1
b)
2,2
c)
2,1
d)
1,2 
56.

California blackworms, also known as mudworms, are able to break apart. Each body section that broke apart is able to become an identical new worm. What type of reproduction does this example represent?

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Asexual reproduction

57.

Penguins lay 1-2 fertilized eggs that the male and female take turns incubating on their feet. What type of reproduction does this example represent?

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Asexual reproduction

58.
Passes genetic information
onto future generations
a)
sexual reproduction
b)
asexual reproduction
c)
both
59.
When a starfish grows a new body off a broken arm, what kind of reproduction is this?
a)
Sexual
b)
Differentiation
c)
Asexual 
d)
Specialization
60.
What percentage of chromosomes are handed down by a sperm cell?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
61.
a)

INCREASES GENETIC VARIATION

b)

TAKES PLACE IN PROPHASE I

c)

CROSSING OVER

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

62.

CROSSING OVER TAKES PLACE DURING

a)

PROPHASE II

b)

PROPHASE I

c)

INTERPHASE

d)

METAPHASE I

63.

FERTILIZATION OCCURS WHEN

a)

THE SPERM UNITES WITH THE EGG

b)

THE SPERM UNDERGO MEIOSIS

c)

THE EGG UNDERGOES MEIOSIS

d)

THE EGG AND SPERM UNDERGOES MEIOSIS

64.

MEIOSIS PRODUCES 4 CELLS-THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER IS ...

a)

DIPLOID

b)

HAPLOID

65.

MEIOSIS PRODUCES 4 CELLS, THEY ARE

a)

N

b)

2N

c)

3N

66.

What phase of Meiosis is this?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Anaphase I

c)

Anaphase II

d)

Telophase II

67.

What phase is the picture showing?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Prophase II

d)

Anaphase I

68.

How many chromosomes are in an egg or sperm cell at the end of Meiosis?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

64

d)

32

69.

Homologous pairs line up in the middle of the cell in what phase of Meiosis?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Mitosis

d)

Prophase II

70.

What phase of Meiosis is the picture showing?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Telophase I

c)

Anaphase II

d)

Telophase II

71.

What phase is in the picture?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Telophase II

c)

Prophase I

d)

Metaphase II

72.

What phase is shown in the picture?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Telophase II

d)

Anaphase I

73.

What phase is in the picture?

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Anaphase II

c)

Telophase I

d)

Metaphase II

74.

What phase is in the picture?

a)

Metaphase 1

b)

Metaphase 2

c)

Prophase 1

d)

Prophase 2

75.

What phase is in the picture?

a)

Prophase 1

b)

Prophase 2

c)

Telophase 2

76.

What phase is in the picture?

a)

Anaphase 1

b)

Anaphase 2

c)

Telophase 2

77.

Which of the following genotypes is dominant?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

both AA and Aa

78.

How would you write a homozygous dominant genotype?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

either AA or Aa

79.

Which of the following best describes the genotype "Rr"?

a)

recessive

b)

heterozygous

c)

purebred

d)

all of the above

80.

Which of the following genotypes are homozygous?

a)

Aa

b)

BB

c)

dd

d)

BB and dd

81.

If tall plants are dominant and short plants are recessive, how would you write the genotype for a homozygous tall plant?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

82.

If black fur is dominant and white fur is recessive, what genotype would an organism with white fur have?

a)

FF

b)

Ff

c)

ff

83.

Which of these Punnett squares represents a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent?

a)
b)
c)
d)
84.

In pea plants, being tall is dominant and being short is recessive. Two tall plants mate. One has the genotype Tt and the other has the genotype TT. What is the chance that they will have a tall offspring?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

85.

If both parents have the genotype Aa, what is the chance their offspring will also have the genotype Aa?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

86.

In humans, being able to curl your tongue is a dominant trait and NOT being able to curl you tongue is a recessive trait. If a mom with the genotype Rr has a child with a dad with the genotype Rr, what is the probability that their child will be able to curl its tongue?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

87.
Biotech foods look and taste the same as traditional foods and crops. The only difference is that biotech food has
a)
fewer calories.
b)
the addition of specific minerals.
c)
genes with traits that improve something about the plant.
d)
a better chance of surviving a frost during the growing season.
88.
What is plant biotechnology?
a)
Adding chemicals to foods to preserve them.
b)
Making synthetic foods using artificial, man-made proteins.
c)
Inserting a gene or genes with beneficial traits into a plant cell.
d)
Taking immature plants and adding steroids to make them grow bigger and stronger.
89.

An argument in favor of food biotechnology is that it

a)

provides foods that cure viral diseases.

b)

provides more food to feed a growing population.

c)

provides a cash crop for low income nations.

d)

biotech foods are not controversial

90.

What is a GMO?

a)

An organism that has had its DNA modified by humans

b)

An organism missing a chromosome

c)

Epigenetics

d)

A genetically identical organism

91.
What are genetically modified (GM) organisms and GM foods?
a)
Foods or organisms with better taste
b)
Foods or organisms grown in the USA, only
c)
Foods or organisms with DNA modified in a way that doesn't occur naturally
d)
Food and organisms that have been injected with hormones
92.
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
a)
Genetic Engineering
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Gene Mutation
93.
Advantages of genetically modified crops include(s)
a)
insect resistance
b)
drought/freeze resistance
c)
higher yield
d)
all of these are reasons for using GMOs
94.
Concerns about genetically modified organisms include(s)
a)
risk to human health
b)
may be harmful to ecosystems
c)
seed/pollen drift to organic farms
d)
all of these are valid concerns
95.
The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called
a)
selective breeding 
b)
genetic engineering
c)
inbreeding
d)
hybridization
96.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to -
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
97.
On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the human?
a)
Frog
b)
Hare
c)
Caiman
d)
Parrot
98.

The bones of the forelimbs of the whale, the human and the bat are very similar. This indicates that they all may

a)

have descended from a common ancestor

b)

belong to the same species

c)

Have to range great distances to eat

99.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
100.
Which of the following terms refers to the different possibilities of a gene?
a)
chromosome
b)
DNA
c)
Punnett Squares
d)
allele
101.
A phenotype is the...
a)
letter combination
b)
dominant gene
c)
recessive gene
d)
physical appearance
102.
Tt is-
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
none of these
103.

In order for natural selection to occur, what must exist in a species?

a)

Stability

b)

Low mutation rate

c)

Variation

104.

What number is the common ancestor of C and D

a)

1

b)

2

c)

4

105.

1. The process of choosing parent organisms for desired characteristics is called

a)

natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

random selection

d)

genetic manipulation

106.

What is an example of artificial selection?

a)

Letting dogs choose their own mate

b)

Letting plants pollinate on their own

c)

Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

107.

Which statement is true comparing natural selection and artificial selection?

a)

In natural selection, traits benefit humans and in artificial selection, the traits benefit the species

b)

In natural selection, traits benefit the species and in artificial selection, the traits benefit humans

c)

In natural and artificial selection, the process takes hundreds of years to occur

d)

In natural and artificial selection, nature determines what traits will be passed down to offspring.

108.

Artificial selection is also known as

a)

natural selection

b)

selective hearing

c)

genetic manipulation

d)

selective breeding

109.

When nature selects and species with beneficial adaptation survive and produce offspring

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

110.

When humans select desirable traits to be passed down to offspring

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

111.

What is this an example of?

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

112.

What is this an example of?

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

113.

Artificial Selection decreases diversity which is bad because

a)

organisms with same traits will refuse to reproduce with each other

b)

organisms with all the same traits are susceptible to extinction.

c)

organisms with the same traits will be very aggressive

d)

organisms with same traits collectively get smarter and will some day rule the world

114.

Sequence of DNA that determines structures of proteins

a)

Mutation

b)

Gene

c)

Molecule

d)

Protein

115.

The ability to be unaffected by something usually harmful

a)

Resistance

b)

Mutation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Adaptation

116.

Changes in a species over generations, due to changes in the environment

a)

Distribution

b)

Mutation

c)

Adaptation

d)

Resistance

117.

Process in which traits become more/less common due to some traits making it more likely for individuals to survive and reproduce

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Mutation

c)

Distribution

d)

Adaptation

118.

A random and permanent change to a gene

a)

Protein

b)

Gene

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Mutation

119.

What needs to be true for adaptation to occur?

a)

A trait exists in a population

b)

Organism's ability to survive and reproduce are increased

c)

Trait is heritable

d)

The trait needs to be predominant in a population

120.

Why/how do population change over time?

a)

The environment changes

b)

There is a heritable trait which doesn't help survival

c)

Natural selection causes a trait to become more common in the population

d)

The organism decides to have a mutation occur

121.

What does it take for organisms to change? Response should be in the correct order.

a)

New trait, mutation, protein structure, protein function

b)

Mutation, protein structure, protein function, new trait

c)

Protein structure, protein function, mutation, new trait

d)

New trait, protein structure, protein function, mutation

122.

Mutations are...

a)

beneficial when it helps survival and reproduction

b)

neutral when it doesn't help or hinder survival and reproduction

c)

harmful when it lowers the chance for survival and reproduction

123.
The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called
a)
genes.
b)
variations.
c)
traits.
d)
theories.
124.
Organisms with the most beneficial traits will survive.  This is commonly known as
a)
theory of evolution.
b)
variations.
c)
survival of the fittest.
d)
ecosystems.
125.
This scientist developed the theory of evolution as he studied the finches.
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Isaac Newton
c)
Albert Einstein
d)
Marie Curie
126.
Behavioral changes of individuals of a species that allow for better survival. (Acquired traits)
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
127.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
128.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
129.
Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?
a)
Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
b)
No, they change because of natural selection
130.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
131.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
132.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
133.
What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?
a)
species change over time
b)
extinct species are not related to living species
c)
different species can interbreed
d)
animals that look alike are most closely related
134.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
135.
If modern organisms have a lot of homologous structures, what inference might paleontologists make about those organisms?
a)
They are reptiles
b)
One organism evolved from the other.
c)
The organisms have a common ancestor
136.
Which is not evidence for evolution?
a)
many animals have homologous structures due to common ancestry
b)
Many animals have vestigial structures from an ancestor
c)
We can observe changes in life forms by observing the fossil record
d)
All of these are evidence for evolution
137.
What is a structure that is similar across species?
a)
vestigial
b)
homologous
c)
adaptaion
d)
variation
138.
When all of the organisms of a species have died it is called
a)
evolution
b)
extinction
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
139.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
140.
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
a)
Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
b)
Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
c)
Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
d)
Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
141.
The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram
a)
The organisms share a common ancestry.
b)
The organisms belong to the same genus.
c)
The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
d)
The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.
142.
Which layer is the youngest
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
143.
Structures are similar in appearance but not in structure
a)
Vestigial 
b)
Homologous 
c)
Analogous Structures 
d)
Embryonic 
144.
Which layer is the oldest
a)
B
b)
A
c)
E
d)
C
145.

Which of the following is the collection of life's remains found in sedimentary rock?

a)

natural selection

b)

homologous structures

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

the fossil record

146.

The picture shows a/an ___________

a)

homologous structure

b)

vestigial structure

147.
The opossum and kangaroo both incubate their young in a pouch. This provides evidence that they---
a)
are descended from a common ancestor
b)
Have very similar skeletal structures
c)
belong to the same species
d)
must range great distances to eat
148.

What is this an example of?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial organs

d)

Functional adaption

149.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
150.
This is the study of embryos and their development.
a)
Embryology
b)
Evolution
c)
Embryos
d)
adaptation
151.
This kind of structure is when the structures have the same function but have a different structure/form. 
a)
analogous structure
b)
homologous structure
c)
vestigial structure
152.
This kind of structure are body parts that have no function now and are just the remains from an ancestor.
a)
analogous structure
b)
homologous structure
c)
vestigial structure
153.
What kind of evidence is shown in this image?
a)
anatomical evidence
b)
fossil evidence
c)
molecular evidence
154.
The image shows an example of..
a)
vestigial structure
b)
analogous structure
c)
homologous structure
155.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
156.

Which evidence show patterns of change in organisms from early life to modern life?

a)

homologous structures

b)

transitional fossils

c)

vestigial structures

d)

proteins

157.

DNA and RNA are known as types of ________

a)

vestigial structures

b)

transitional fossils

c)

trace fossil

d)

genetic material

158.

Which structure is shown in the picture?

a)

analogous structure

b)

homologous structure

c)

vestigial structure

d)

DNA

159.

Mitosis occurs in a:

a)

Sex cell

b)

Somatic cell

160.

Meiosis occurs in a:

a)

Sex cell

b)

Somatic cell

161.

How many chromosomes are there in a somatic cell?

a)

23

b)

26

c)

43

d)

46

162.

How many chromosome pairs are there in a somatic cell?

a)

23

b)

26

c)

43

d)

46

163.

How many divisions take place in mitosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

164.

How many divisions take place in meiosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

165.

How many cells are created at the end of mitosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

166.

Chromosome number is maintained.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

167.

Four daughter cells are produced.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

168.

Chromosome number is halved.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

169.

No pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

170.

Crossing over occurs during Prophase I.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

171.

Occurs throughout an organism's lifetime.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

172.

Occurs only certain times throughout an organism's lifetime.

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

173.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
174.
What is the next phase of mitosis?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
175.
How many cells are created at the end of Mitosis?
a)
1 diploid cell
b)
2 diploid cells
c)
3 diploid cells
d)
4 diploid cells
176.
The process on the left is:
The process on the right is:
a)
Left: meiosis
Right: meiosis
b)
Left: meiosis
Right: cloning
c)
Left: mitosis
Right: meiosis
d)
Left: mitosis
Right: mitosis

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