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WorksheetsNUR112 Exam 4 practice
Total questions: 114
Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins
A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer and is exhibiting manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply)
Behavioral Changes
Client report of headache
Urine output of 40ml/hr
Client report of nausea
Increased urine specific gravity
A nurse is teaching a client about screening prevention for cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will need to have a mammogram every 2 years beginning at age 45"
" I should have a colonoscopy every 15 years beginning at age 60"
"I will need to have an annual breast examination every year after age 40"
"I should have a fecal occult test done every 3 years"
A nurse is planning care for a client who has malnutrition due to cancer. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply
Advise the client to keep a food diary
Encourage client to brush teeth before and after meals
Assess the laboratory report of ferritin
Eat nutrient-dense foods last at meal time
Encourage the client to limit drinking fluids during meals
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who had surgery to stage ovarian cancer. The nurse reviews the following diagnostic notation on the pathology report: T2-N3-Mx. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a supporting diagnosis?
The tumor is moderate in size
No lymph nodes contain cancer cells
The tumor is receptive to current medication therapy
The cancer has metastasized to other areas in the body
Cancer is...
Uncontrolled cell growth
Normal cell growth
A protein
A cell cycle regulator
A substance that is known to cause cancer is called a
carcinogen
retrovirus
pathogen
paramecium
Which of these is a tumor that is noncancerous and does not spread?
Malignant
Benign
What is Apoptosis?
A tumor
A protein
Programmed cell death
Cell cycle checkpoints
What is cell differentiation?
The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.
When DNA controls the cell cycle.
The ability of cells to make more cells.
The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.
If someone in your family has had Cancer in the past you have what doctors call a:
Predisposition
Carcinogen
Risk Factor
Chemotherapy
What do the blue cells represent?
Cancer cells
Normal cells
B cells
Liver cells
The incidence of cancer would be highest in which person?
18-year-old African-American female
3-year-old Asian male
50 year old white female
70-year-old white male
A cancerous tumor's function closely resembles which part of the human body?
blood vessel
body system
muscle
organ
The number of people alive at some point after they have been diagnosed with cancer refers to:
mortality rate.
survival rate.
incidence rate.
occurrence rate.
The number of people diagnosed with cancer each year per 100,000 people refers to:
mortality rate.
survival rate.
incidence rate.
occurrence rate.
When abnormal cells are only found in the tissue of origin, this refers to:
dysplasia.
hyperplasia.
in situ.
invasiveness.
UV light, radium, and coal tar are examples of:
carcinogens.
inherited predispositions.
modifiable environmental risk factors.
chemotherapy treatments.
Which treatment removes the tumor and nearby tissue during an operation?
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or stopping them from dividing?
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which treatment uses high-energy rays that can damage cancer cells and stop them from growing and dividing?
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which treatment uses substances to stimulate or suppress the immune system to help the body fight cancer, infection and other diseases?
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which treatment uses drugs or other substances to identify and attack specific types of cancer cells with less harm to normal cells?
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
This treatment not only kills fast-growing cancer cells but also healthy cells that grow and divide quickly. So cells in your mouth and intestines and those that cause your hair to grow. This leads to mouth sores, nausea and hair loss.
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
This treatment may shrink tumors to treat pain and other problems caused by the tumor, such as trouble breathing or loss of bowel and bladder control
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which treatment(s) have possible side effects of pain, hair loss, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue? (3 answers)
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Which one is the most commonly used staging systems?
TNM System
MNT System
NTM Sytem
MTN System
Which of these can cause cancer?
viruses
lack of sleep
lack of exercise
high-sugar diet
Brachytherapy is this type of treatment
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Palliative
Remission is
When cancer goes away completely
When cancer is gone for a time, but comes back
When cancer stops spreading
When cancer is at its worse
The nurse is caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor. Which of the following statements made by the nurse indicates an understanding of the pathophysiology of a malignant tumor?
Malignant tumors retain morphologic and functional consequences
Malignant tumors arise from normal differentiated cells
Malignant tumors have poor differentiation and longer than normal cell lifespan
Malignant tumors always obstruct or press on other body structures
The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized to receive chemotherapy. The client is immunocompromised and is in protective isolation. An LPN has been assigned to care for the client today. Which of these nursing actions by the LPN indicates a need for immediate intervention by the charge nurse (RN)?
The LPN delivers a fruit tray including apples, pears, and bananas to the client.
The LPN refuses to take in a moist potted plant to the client.
The LPN notifies the health care provider that the client’s temperature is 100.8 F.
The LPN requires the UAP (Unlicensed Assistive Personnel) to practice effective hand hygiene when providing care to the client.
The nurse is caring for a client who has recently been diagnosed with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and has developed thrombocytopenia from the chemotherapy. What is the priority of care for this client?
Encourage ambulation and oxygen supplement.
Assess temperature every 4 hours per protocol.
Encourage periodic rest periods while pacing activity during the da
Question a medication order for an intramuscular injection.
The nurse is caring for a client who has recently started external radiation for cancer. Which of these documentations indicate an early side effect after starting external radiation?
Gradual wt gain
constipation
insomnia
skin erythema
The nurse is caring for a client who has undergone myelosuppressive chemotherapy and is now receiving the medication Procrit (Erythropoietin). Which of these statements indicate that the nurse understands how to appropriately administer erythropoietin?
I will administer this medication daily as ordered.
I will administer his medication IM
I will evaluate frequent WBC counts to determine effectiveness
I will monitor the hematocrit frequently for dosage adjustments.
A client who has received chemotherapy has a steadily decreasing white blood cell count. The oncologist has mentioned that s colony-stimulating factor will be started soon for treatment. The nurse understands which of the following drugs will be ordered?
Oprelvekin (Neumega)
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
The nurse is caring for a client who is in the process of receiving IV chemotherapy. Which of these clients would be seen immediately after shift report?
A client complaining of discomfort at the IV insertion site of the chemotherapy transfusion.
A client complaining of a feeling of fatigue following chemotherapy.
A client complaining of nausea and vomiging following chemotherapy.
A client with a temperature of 99.0 F
The nurse is caring for a client undergoing radiation therapy for lung cancer. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to implement intervention for oral mucositis?
Gingivitis, plaque, halitosis
Oral erythema, pain, dysgeusia
Candidiasis, inflammation, cheilitis
Oral ulceration, caries, leukoplakia
Which type of patient would expect to see with a Barrel Chest ?
CHF
Emphysema
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
A patient with asthma is scheduled to start taking a glucocorticoid medication with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The nurse should give the patient which instruction about correct use of the inhaler?
“After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain symptomatic relief.”
“Wait no longer than 30 seconds after the first puff before taking the second one.”
“Use a spacer with the inhaler and rinse your mouth after each dose administration.
“Breathe in through the nose and hold for 2 seconds just before activating the inhaler.”
A patient is taking oral theophylline for maintenance therapy of stable asthma. A nurse instructs the patient to avoid using which substance to prevent a complication?
Echinacea
Cimetidine [Tagamet]
Sunscreen products
Caffeine
A history of allergy to which substance is a contraindication to the use of ipratropium/albuterol [Combivent]?
Mold
Peanuts
Penicillin
Dairy products
A nurse is caring for a patient with an asthma exacerbation. For which of the following reasons should the nurse carefully inspect the chest wall of the client?
Monitor chest expansion
Observe for intercostal muscle use
Observe for signs of diaphoresis
Monitor for hyperventilation
A nurse determines the interventions to promote airway clearance in a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are successful based on which of the following findings?
Improved mental status
Effective productive cough
ABG's within normal range
Absence of dyspnea
What term best describes what goes on inside the alveoli?
Exchange of gases
Inhalation of oxygen
Circulation of blood
Exhalation of carbon dioxide
Alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing, apnea lasting up to 15 -60 seconds. Followed by ventilation decreases again to apnea.
Normal Breathing
Apenic
Cheyne-Stokes
Kussmaul
True of False: In COPD airway obstruction is worse with expiration
True
False
___________ is defined as episodic attacks of bronchospasm, bronchial inflammation, mucosal edema, and increased mucous production.
Asthma
Emphysema
COPD
Chronic Bronchitis
When does Hypoxemia occur in asthma?
Early onset
After failure of inhalers
Late response
What two obstructive disorders make up the disease COPD?
Asthma and Emphysema
Asthma and Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Chronic bronchitis and the common cold.
Which of the following signs and symptoms is characteristic of early-stage COPD
Nightime cough
Fatigue
Ankle Swelling
Chronic cough
What type of respiration requires oxygen?
Aerobic
Anaerobic
When you breathe, your lungs take in ______ and remove _______.
air; oxygen
oxygen; carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide; waste
waste; air
The job of the red blood cell is to
fight infection
deliver oxygen and discard carbon dioxide
form a clot with platelets
deliver nutrients absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
If you have a collapsed lung cause by an injury and air entering the chest, this is known as?
Haemothorax
Pyothorax
Pneumothorax
Bronchitis
Asthma is a condition where
the airways narrow (constrict)
the airways are blocked with mucus
the diaphragm fails to work
all of these
The normal oxygen content of inhaled air is approximately
0.04%
21%
79%
100%
Which of the following disorders is characterized by a chronic disorder of the airways that results in intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the bronchioles and can occur at any age?
Asthma
COPD
Pulmonary Embolism
Emphysema
Which of the following diagnostic tests is the most accurate for diagnosing asthma?
Chest xray
PFT- Pulmonary Function Test
Sputum Culture
Chest Phyisoterapy
Which of the following is the purpose of positive expiratory pressure devices?
Assists clients to remove airway secretions
monitors optimal lung expansion
decreases airway inflammation
provides rapid relief
Which of the following is the purpose of incentive spirometry
it is used to monitor optimal lung expansion
It is used to help thin mucous secretions
it is used to assist the client in removing airway secretions
It decreases airway inflammation
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has COPD and a new prescription for albuterol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
This medication can increase my blood sugar levels
This medication can decrease my immune response
I can have an increase in my heart rate while taking this medication
I can have mouth sores while taking this medication
A nurse is preparing to administer an initial dose of prednisone to a client who has COPD. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply)
Hypokalemia
Tachycardia
Fluid Retention
Nausea
Black Tarry stools
A nurse is discharging a client who has COPD. The client is concerned about not being able to leave the house due to the need for staying on continuous oxygen. Which of the follow responses should the nurse make?
There are portable oxygen delivery systems that you can take with you
When you go out, you can remove the oxygen then reapply it when you get home
You probably will not be able to go out as much as you used to
Home health services will come to you so you will not need to get out
A nurse is instructing a client on the use of an incentive spirometer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
I will place the adapter on my finger to read my blood oxygen saturation level
I will lie on my back with my knees bent
I will rest my hand over my abdomen to create resistance
I will take in a deep breath and hold it before exhaling
A nurse is planning to instruct a client on how to perform pursed-lip breathing. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Take quick breaths upon inhalation
Place your hand over your stomach
Take a deep breath in through your nose
Puff your cheeks upon exhalation
A nurse in the ER is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following assessments indicates that the respiratory status is declining? (select all that apply)
SaO2 95%
Wheezing
Retraction of sternal muscles
Pink mucous membranes
Tachycardia
A nurse is caring for a client 2 hours after admission. The client has a SaO2 of 91%, exhibits audible wheezes, and is using accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Antibiotic
Beta-Blocker
Antiviral
Beta2 Antagonist
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for prednisone for asthma. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
I will decrease my fluid intake while taking this medicaiton
I will expect to have black tarry stools
I will take my medication with meals
I will monitor for weight loss while on this medicaiton
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of asthma. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a risk for asthma?
Gender
Environmental allergies
Alcohol use
history of diabetes
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client on the purpose of taking a bronchodilator. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
This medication can decrease my immune response
I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks
I need to take this medication with food
This medication has a slow onset to treat my symptoms
Which of the following are corticosteroids used to decrease airway inflammation in asthma? Select all that apply
Fluticasone
Prednisone
Montelukast
Cromolyn
Which of the following medications for asthma can cause dry mouth?
Salmeterol
Fluticasone
Ipratropium
Theophylline
Which of the following positions for the client maximizes ventilation and lung expansion?
High Fowlers
Low Fowlers
Prone
Dorsal Recumbant
Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see during an acute exacerbation of COPD? (Select all that apply)
Respirations of 40
Hypoxemia
Use of accessory muscles
Barrell Chest
Clubbed fingers
Which of the following abnormal labs would you see in a client with low oxygen levels?
Increased hematocrit
Decreased hematocrit
High WBC
High ferritin level
Which of the following are complications of COPD? Select all that apply
Respiratory Infection
Right-Sided Heart Failure
Exacerbation
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Which of the following interventions should the nurse expect to see the doctor implement FIRST in a COPD patient with a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax?
Chest Tube insertion
Increase supplemental O2 delivery rate
Order for diuretic
Order for bronchiodilator
Which patient should the nurse expect intubation and mechanical ventilation?
A patient with a diagnosis of COPD
A patient with a diagnosis of Acute Asthma attack
A patient with a diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome
A patient with Tuburculosis
Which of the following are manifestations of respiratory distress? (Select all that apply)
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Hypoxia
Cyanosis
use of accessory muscles
Which of the follow is characterized by air accumulating in the subcutaneous tissue?
Hemothroax
Pneumothorax
Subcutatneous emphysema
tension pneumothroax
Which of the follow occurs when at least two neighboring ribs, usually on one side of the chest, sustain multiple fractures causing inability of the chest wall and paradoxical chest wall movement Resulting in limitation in chest wall movement?
Hemothorax
Flail Chest
Barrell Chest
Pneumothorax
Which of the following is the presence of air or gas in the pleural space that causes lung collapse?
Hemothorax
Pneumothorax
Subcutaneous Emphysema
Flail chest
Which of the following diagnostic procedures can be used to confirm a hemothorax? (select all that apply)
Throacentsesis
Chest Xray
Pulmonary Function Test
Chest Tube insertion
Which of the following complications is treated with chest tube insertion? Select all that apply
Hemothorax
Pneumothorax
Flail Chest
Tension pneumothorax
A nurse is assisting the provider care for a client who has developed a spontaneous pneumothorax. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?
Assess the client's pain
Obtain a large-bore IV needle for decompression
Administer lorazepam
Prepare for chest tube insertion
A nurse is reviewng discharge instructions for a client who has COPD and experienced a pneumothorax. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Notify your provider if you experience weakness
You should be able to return to work in 1 week
You need to wear a mask when in a crowded area
Notify your provider if you experience a productive cough
A nurse in the ER is assessing a client who has sustained multiple rib fractures and has a flail chest. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply)
Bradycardia
Cyanosis
Hypotention
Dyspnea
Paradoxical chest movement
Which of the following are bronchiodilators? Select all that apply
Short-acting beta2 agonsists (albuterol)
Anticholinergic medications
(ipratropium)
Methylxanthines
(theophylline)
Long-acting beta2 agonists
(salmeterol)
Which of the following are anti-inflammatory agents used in the treatment of asthma?
Corticosteroids
(fluticasone/prednisone)
Leukotriene antagonists
(montelukast)
Mast cell stabilizers
(cromolyn)
Monoclonal antibodies
(ozmalizumab)
Which of the following is the primary treatment for exercise-induced asthma?
Short acting beta2 agonists
(albuterol)
Corticosteroids
(prednisone)
Long acting beta2 agonists
(salmeterol)
methylxanthines
(theophylline)
Which of the following are mucolytic agents used in COPD to help thin secretions, making them easier for the client to expel?
Guaifenesin
(mucinex)
Acetylcysteine and dornase alfa nebulizer treatments
Guaifenesin and dextromethorphan
