The specific gravity of the blood relative to the copper sulfate solution

(a)  

This test is used for haemoglobin screening in Blood donors since blood donation mandates haemoglobin determination

(a)  

The haemoglobin level must be greater than or equal to _______ and _______ for allogenic and autologous blood donation, respectively.

(a)  

Three phases of Donor Screening:

(a)  

minimum age for allogenic donation, parent consent is required

(a)  

noagerestriction, thereis however,eachdonor-patientmust beevaluated by the blood bank medicaldirector

(a)  

Deferral for between whole blood donations

(a)  

Deferral for after 2 unit red cell collection

(a)  

Deferral for after infrequent plasmapheress

(a)  

Deferral for after plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis or leukapheresis

(a)  

Donor History Questionnaire (DHQ) developed by ____ and approved by ___

(a)  

(a)   have the option to addquestions as appropriate fortheircenter, based ondemographics or questions notaddressed by theFDA.

T and F:

1. Donors must sign a statement documenting that they have given consent to the donation.

2. This is typically done at the end of the DHQ.

(a)  

General Appearance acceptable limit

(a)  

Hemoglobin Acceptable Limit

Allogenic: > ___ g/Dl or ___ g/L

Autologous: > ___ g/Dl or ___ g/L

(a)  

Hematocrit Acceptable Limit

Allogenic: > ___

Autologous: > ___

(a)  

Blood Pressure Acceptable Limit

Systolic: < ___mmHg

Diatolic: < ___ mmHg

(a)  

Temperature Acceptable Limit

< ____˚C or ____˚F

(a)  

T or F: drinking of coffee or hot beverages while waiting to donate is okay

(a)  

Pulse Acceptable Limit

Between __ and ___ bpm

Athletic donor will have a pulse ____ bpm = not deferred

(a)  

unable to donate blood for a limited period of time

(a)  

unable to donate blood for someone else for an unspecified period of time

(a)  

never be eligible to donate blood for someone else. Maydonate autologous donation.

(a)  

Find the amount of blood to be drawn if the weight is 54 kg

(a)  

Find the amount of blood to be drawn if the weight is 117 lb

(a)  

Find the amount of anticoagulant needed if the amount of blood to be drawn is 479 mL

(a)  

Amount of anticoagulant to be removed if the needed is 60 mL

(a)  

- After taking the last dose of Accutane or Proscar

(a)  

- Tattoos orpermanentmake-up(unless applied byastate-regulated facilitywithsterileneedles andink that is notreused)

(a)  

- For platelet donors: after intake of Clopidogrel, Ticlopodine (Ticlid)

(a)  

- Family history of CJD, dura mater transplant, human pituitary-derived growth hormone

(a)  

- Haemophilia, von Willebrand dse, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, kaposi’s sarcoma, polycythemia or history of receiving clottingfactors

(a)  

-conclusion of pregnancy

(a)  

- Toxoids or killed or synthetic viral, bacterial orricketsial vaccines if donoris symptoms free or afebrile

(a)  

- Lived in Malaria endemic country for 5 Consecutive years

(a)  

- Dustateride or Avodart

(a)  

- Prospective donors with history of syphilis/ gonorrhoea or treatment

(a)  

How many times do we wash the RBCs?

(a)  

Washing the RBC to remove the

(a)  

Inadequate washing may result in a (a)   reaction because of neutralization of the AHG reagent by residual unbound serum globulins

The wash phase can be controlled using

(a)  

T and F:

1. Washing should be performed immediately after being removed from the incubator and in as short a time as possible to maximize the elution of low-affinity antibodies.

2. All saline should be discarded after the final wash, because residual saline dilutes the AHG reagent and therefore decreases the sensitivity of the test.

(a)  

Ideally, the saline used for washing should be fresh or buffered to a pH of ___ to _____

(a)  

Saline stored for long periods in plastic containers has been shown to decrease in pH, which may increase the rate of antibody elution during the washing process, yielding a (a)   result.

T or F: Centrifugation at each wash should be sufficient to provide a firm cell pellet and therefore minimize the possible loss of cells with each discard of saline.

(a)  

It is defined asusing known sources ofcommercialantisera(anti-A,anti-B)todetect antigens on anindividual’sRBC.

(a)  

It isdefined asdetectingABOantibodies inthe patient’sserumbyusingknownreagentRBCs,namelyAandBcells.

(a)  

It is the most frequently performed test in the blood bank.

(a)  

T and F:

1. ABOforwardandreversegroupingtests must be performed on all donors and patients.

2. Thereisalwaysa direct reciprocalrelationshipbetweentheforwardandreversetype;thus,oneserves as a check on the other.

(a)  

ABO grouping can be performed on slides or in tubes, using

(a)  

It isperformed togetherwithABOforwardandreversetyping inCrossmatching process toavoidincorrectlydesignatingRh-negativepatientsasRh-positive.

(a)  

Rhtypingis also performed in Donor screening and blood typing procedures using (a)   .

T or F: Currently, mostmonoclonalor monoclonalblend anti-Dreagents are roomtemperature–reactiveanddonotrequire the use of control.

(a)  

The Rh type of the donor should be determined by testing with anti-D reagent at the immediate spin phase. In the event the initial testing is negative, (a)   should be performed

The weak D testing involves:

(a)  

If both the immediate spin and test forweak D are negative, label the donor as ___________; if, however, any part of the testing yields a positive test for D, the donor unit should be labeled as ____________.

(a)  

Someredcells possess theDantigenbutitisexpressed soweakly thatthecellsarenot agglutinated directly by anti-D sera. An (a)   is necessary to identify patients with theWeak D phenotype.

Weak D formerly known as

(a)  

It is done when weak or 1+reactions are found, done on all prenatalpatients andcandidates forRhimmuneglobulin andperformed inRhnegativedonorsandrecipients to ensure they are truly D negative.

(a)  

A negative result in the immediate spin phase but agglutination in the D tube following incubation (with no agglutination in the DC tube)indicates a ___________ test forweak D. Lack of agglutination is a __________ test and the patient is considered ______________. Agglutination in the DC tube invalidates the test.

(a)  

The (a)   consists of mixing the recipient’s serum with donor RBCs.

Several procedures can be used for serologic crossmatch testing, including the ____________ and _________________.

(a)  

The objective of testing is to select donor units that can provide maximal benefit to the patient, which should be kept in mind when developing the test protocol.

(a)  

Immediate spin

(a)  

Absence of hemolysis or agglutination indicates ABO compatibility

(a)  

The type and screen, coupled with an immediate spin crossmatch, is referred to as an

(a)  

(a)   may be seen in the presence of other immediate spin-reactive antibodies (e.g., autoanti-I) or in patients with hyperimmune ABO antibodies, or may be seen when the procedure is not performed correctly (e.g., delay in centrifugation or reading), when rouleaux is observed, or when infants’ specimens are tested

The (a)   procedure begins in the same manner as the immediate spin crossmatch, continues to a 37°C incubation, and finishes with an antiglobulin test.

Several enhancement media may be applied to boost antigen antibody reactions. These may include

(a)  

For greatest sensitivity, an (a)   reagent containing both anti-IgG and anticomplement may be selected for the final phase of this crossmatch method.

It is routinely performed only with donor products containing red cells.

(a)  

The term (a)   implies a crossway mixing of donor and recipient blood components and must be perfomed for red cell transfusions, the exception is situations requiring an urgent need for blood.

The sample for crossmatching must not exceed _ days and hemolyzed and lipemic samples are unacceptable.

(a)  

T or F: Donor’s blood bag must be properly labelled, not expired, must be ABO and Rh compatible with the patient.

(a)