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Evolution Practice Test

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 6hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following organisms are LEAST closely related?
a)
organisms that share a domain
b)
organisms that share a family 
c)
organisms that share a genus 
d)
organisms that share a species 
2.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
3.
The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.
a)
Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
b)
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
c)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
d)
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus
4.
Dandelion, What kingdom does it belongs to?
a)
Plant Kingdom
b)
Animal Kingdom
c)
Fungi Kingdom
d)
Protista Kingdom
5.
Mosquito  belongs to what kingdom?
a)
Animal Kingdom
b)
Plant Kingdom
c)
Fungi Kingdom
d)
Protista Kingdom
6.
Which organisms are most closely related?
a)
Equus caballas (Horse) & Equus burchellii (Zebra)
b)
Cyanea artica (Jellyfish) &
Ctenodiscus crispatus (Mud Starfish)
c)
Naja naja (cobra) & Glycine max (soya bean)
d)
Ophiocomina nigra (black brittle star) & Brassica nigra (black mustard)
7.
The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is called:
a)
Geology
b)
Biology
c)
Taxonomy
d)
Chemistry
8.
Which organisms pictured on the cladogram have hair?
a)
prosimians only
b)
prosimians and humans
c)
humans only
d)
prosimians and birds
9.

Which 2 organisms would be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring?

a)

2 organisms in the same class

b)

2 organisms in the same family

c)

2 organisms in the same genus

d)

2 organisms in the same species

10.
Bird's beaks evolve mainly due to the type of ___________________ available.
a)
food
b)
water
c)
shrubs
d)
mates
11.
Darwin said that within a species there will be _________________________
a)
nothing different
b)
variation/differences
12.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
13.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
14.
Which of the following explains adaptation.
a)
An individual organism changes to meet its needs in the environment. These changes pass down to their offspring.
b)
The species as a whole changes their characteristics.
c)
Beneficial traits allow organism to survive and pass on those traits
d)
New characteristics arise in a species as needed.  If these traits are helpful, they are passed down.
15.
A large herd of goats lives in a field full of poison ivy.  Some goats are able to eat the poison ivy while others have become sick when they eat it. Over time the herd as a whole will tend to
a)
Become more likely to eat poison ivy.
b)
Become less likely to eat poison ivy.
c)
Not change in the proportion of goats that can and can not eat poison ivy.
d)
Eat all the poison ivy and leave only plants all the goats can eat.
16.
Evolution works by 
a)
individuals changing to suit their environment
b)
Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
c)
sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
d)
small changes pass down through many generations
17.
What might account for the fact that all of these limbs share similar structures?
a)
They came from the same source
b)
They are all from one animal
c)
They are very similar organisms
d)
Cooincidence
18.
Define homologous structures.
a)
Structures that appear the same, but have different ancestral origins.
b)
Structures that appear the different, but have the same ancestral origins.
c)
Any two body parts from the same organism
d)
Parts that no longer appear to have a function
19.
Define analogous structures.
a)
Structures that appear the same, but have different ancestral origins.
b)
Structures that appear the different, but have the same ancestral origins.
c)
Any two body parts from the same organism
d)
Parts that no longer appear to have a function
20.

Who is the father of evolution?

a)

Mendel

b)

Newton

c)

Darwin

d)

Einstein

21.

When the weather got drier and only large seeds were left, birds with small beaks died and large-beaked birds survived. Overall, the beak size increased in the bird population. This process is called:

a)

genetics

b)

mutations of individuals

c)

evolution by natural selection

d)

energy moving through a food chain

22.

____________

is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits by choosing which animal or plant will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Artificial Selection

c)

Lamarkism

d)

Sexual Selection

23.

What is an example of artificial selection?

a)

Letting dogs choose their own mate

b)

Letting plants pollinate on their own

c)

Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

24.

1. Artificial selection has been a big factor in the evolution of:

a)

Dogs

b)

Panda bears

c)

Snakes

d)

Jellyfish

25.
Flashy tails on many animals is an example of coloration. Why might flashy tailed animals display their colors to another of the same species? 
a)
make friends
b)
help build a nest
c)
attract a mate 
d)
scare predators
26.
The males of a bird species do a “dance” and “sing a song” each spring. What is the main purpose of these behaviors? 
a)
to scare off young birds
b)
to imprint young birds
c)
to clean their feathers
d)
to attract female birds
27.

The picture shows a male and female polar bear. What type of selection occurred for them to have these adaptations?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Sexual Selection - Female Choice

c)

Sexual Selection - Male Competition

d)

Random Selection

28.
Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...
a)
random chance
b)
natural selection
c)
non-random mating (sexual selection)
d)
artificial selection
29.

All of the genetic information found in a population.

a)

population

b)

genetic drift

c)

evolution

d)

gene pool

30.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

31.

Genetic drift is driven by chance, not Natural Selection.

a)

true

b)

false

32.
A change in the genetic composition of a population as a result of descending from a small number of colonizing individuals is called:
a)
founder effect
b)
bottleneck
c)
genetic drift
d)
gene flow
33.
Natural selection states that organisms are best suited for their environment if they ____________ and ____________.
a)
Survive and Reproduce
b)
Survive and Predate
c)
Survive and Parasitize
d)
Survive and Adapt
34.
Group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
a)
species
b)
gene pool
c)
population
d)
homologous structure
35.

How do fossils support evolution?

a)

Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.

b)

Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.

c)

The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at the same time.

d)

The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.

36.

A large hurricane reduces a population of wild foxes from 1,200 to only 20 individuals. What has occurred?

a)

gene flow

b)

bottleneck effect

c)

natural selection

d)

founder effect

37.

Corals have evolved shapes that allow algae to more easily fit and live on them. Which type of evolution is this?

a)

directional selection

b)

disruptive selection

c)

stabilizing selection

d)

coevolution

38.

Which of the following is NOT a cause of evolution?

a)

gene flow

b)

large population size

c)

mutation

d)

genetic drift

39.
Which of the following must occur for speciation to happen?
a)
geographic isolation
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
temporal isolation
d)
behavioral isolation
40.

This diagram of forelimbs of various mammals and birds is an example of:

a)

analogous structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

adaptive radiation

d)

speciation

41.

Which of the following is required for a population to diverge into two separate species?

a)

The two populations must have evolved different physical appearances.

b)

The two populations must have mutated at least 10 times.

c)

The two populations must have become reproductively isolated.

d)

The two populations must have evolved analogous structures.

42.

The palmarus longus tendon, pictured here, no longer serves a purpose in humans, but provides evidence of our species descendance from tree-dwelling ancestors. The palmarus longus tendon is an example of:

a)

a vestigial structure

b)

a homologous structure

c)

bipedalism

d)

convergent evolution

43.
Flying fish, flying birds, and bats are examples of which of the following?
a)
convergent evolution & homologous structures
b)
convergent evolution & analogous structures
c)
divergent evolution & homologous structures
d)
divergent evolution & analogous structures
44.
A bumble bee has just enough weight to open up the snapdragon flower and get the nectar/pollen inside.  Other insects cannot do this. This adaption is an example of........
a)
convergent evolution
b)
co-evolution
c)
divergent evolution
d)
speciation
45.

The large-scale events of speciation are called...

a)

macroevolution

b)

simplification

c)

adaptation

d)

microevolution

46.

Microevolution refers to the small changes in an organism while macroevolution refers to the cumulative changes in an organism that lead to speciation.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Microevolution or Macroevolution: Small changes in a species.

a)

Microevolution

b)

Macroevolution

c)

Both

d)

None of the above

48.

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus causing COVID-19. There are now different variants to this virus, does this exhibit microevolution or macroevolution?

a)

Macroevolution

b)

Microevolution

49.

Due to the differences in the food source of the Galapagos finches, they were able to develop adaptations that will allow them to effectively consume their food. This led to the development of different species of Galapagos finches. Does this show microevolution or macroevolution?

a)

Macroevolution

b)

Microevolution

50.

Humans living near the equator have more melanin compared to humans living farther away from the equator. Does this exhibit microevolution or macroevolution?

a)

Macroevolution

b)

Microevolution

51.

The three species pictured do not share a common ancestor, yet have evolved to have a similar anatomy and life style. This is an example of ?

a)

Homologous Structures

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Vestigial Organs

d)

Convergent Evolution

52.

The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of

a)

Law of Superposition

b)

Evolutionary Arms Race

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

53.

What branch is dedicated to studying the organism in the image?

a)

Biogeography

b)

Embryology

c)

Ornithology

d)

Ichthyology

54.

The yucca moth depends on the small soap weed for food, and the small soap weed is only pollinated by the yucca moth. This is an example of

a)

Evolutionary Arms Race

b)

Convergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

d)

Adaptive Radiation

55.

Penguin flipper and fish fin

a)

Homologous

b)

Vestigial

c)

Analogous

d)

None of the above

56.

Whales have pelvic bones. What type of structure does this best represent?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

57.

Which of the following are vestigial structures humans have? Select all that apply.

a)

Appendix

b)

Tailbone

c)

Forearm bones

d)

Goosebumps

58.

Someone steps on some bugs and randomly removes their alleles from the population. This is an example of

a)

gene flow

b)

genetic drift

c)

speciation

d)

allele frequency

59.

If all 5 Hardy-Weinberg assumptions are true, a population is said to be in genetic equilibrium. This means

a)

it is evolving

b)

it is not evolving

60.

When allele frequencies remain constant, a population is evolving.

a)

True

b)

False

61.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
62.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
63.
What trait separates sharks from ray-finned fish?
a)
Vertebrae
b)
Bony skeleton
c)
Four limbs
d)
None
64.
a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

65.
 What type of evolution is demonstrated in this photo?
a)
Coevolution
b)
Convergent evolution
c)
Punctuated evolution
d)
Gradualistic evolution
66.
Sharks and dolphins both have streamlined bodies that allow them to move through water efficiently, this is an example of which type of evolution?
a)
Divergent
b)
Coevolution
c)
Convergent
d)
Artificial
67.

The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of

a)

Law of Superposition

b)

Evolutionary Arms Race

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

68.

Convergent evolution is when

a)

Species share traits due to a common ancestor

b)

Species have similar traits because of similar environment

c)

Species have same traits due to different environments

69.

Coevolution is the

a)

Species looking similar due to a common ancestor

b)

Species looking similar due to a common environment

c)

evolution of two species that do not interact

d)

evolution of one species in response to evolution in another species

70.

If an animal evolves to be more camouflaged in an environment, and another animal evolves a better ability to sense movement. This would be

a)

Divergent Evolution

b)

Coevolution: predator Pray

c)

Coevolution: mimicry

71.

In order for Evolution to happen you need

a)

Genetic Variation, Selective Pressure, and Inheritance

b)

Mutations, predators, inheritance

c)

Predators

d)

Selection

72.

What happens to new traits that HELP organisms survive over time?

a)

Nothing

b)

That trait becomes MORE COMMON in the population

c)

That trait becomes LESS COMMON in a population

d)

Equally common

73.

Which traits were selected for in whale ancestors?

a)

Traits that helped them walk on land

b)

Traits that helped them move in water

c)

Traits that helped them give birth

74.

Two organisms that are closely related would have

a)

Very similar DNA sequences

b)

Very different DNA sequences

c)

The same exact DNA sequences

d)

No similarity in DNA

75.

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

a)

There were different types of predators on the islands.

b)

The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

c)

There was no water on the islands.

d)

There were different food types on each island.

76.

What type of evolution does this picture show?

a)

convergent evolution

b)

divergent evolution

c)

extinction

d)

coevolution

77.

What is a Homologous Structure?

a)

Features of different species that are similar in function but not in structure

b)

Similar features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions

c)

Feature that a species inherited from an ancestor but is no longer used

78.

What is an Analogous Structure?

a)

Feature that a species inherited from an ancestor but is no longer used

b)

Similar features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions

c)

Features of different species that are similar in function but not in structure

79.

What is a Vestigial Structure?

a)

Feature that a species inherited from an ancestor but is no longer used

b)

Similar features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions

c)

Features of different species that are similar in function but not in structure

80.

Which type of structure describes: bat wings and bird wings

a)

analogous structure

b)

homologous structure

81.

Which type of structure describes: human arm, whale flipper, and bat wings

a)

analogous structure

b)

homologous structure

82.

which type of structure is defined as different structures; similar functions

a)

homologous structures

b)

analogous structures

83.

which type of structure is defined as same structure; different function (proof of a common ancestor)

a)

homologous structures

b)

analogous structures

84.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
85.
Which organism in the table is least closely related to the chimpanzee?
a)
human
b)
grey wolf
c)
tiger snake
d)
monarch butterfly
86.

What is the scientific name of this wolf?

a)

Eukarya lupus

b)

eukarya Lupus

c)

Canis lupus

d)

canis Lupus

e)

Lupus canus

87.

Would these two organisms be able to mate and produce fertile young?

a)

yes

b)

no

88.

These two organisms are part of the same class, Aves (birds). Out of the following choices, which other levels of classification would they also have in common? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

a)

genus

b)

species

c)

domain

d)

phylum

e)

order

89.

Which of these organisms would be most closely related? CHOOSE TWO

a)

Alligator mississippiensis

b)

Elephas maximus

c)

Felis domesticus

d)

Felis bieti

90.
Darwin theorized that individuals having an advantage due to their traits or abilities will be more likely to survive and reproduce.  This theory is known as
a)
evolution
b)
speciation
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
91.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
92.
Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin’s observation of local variation among tortoises in the Galápagos Islands? 
a)
artificial selection
b)
adaptation
c)
acquired characteristics
d)
tendency towards perfection
93.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
94.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
95.
A body part of behavior that helps a living thing survive
a)
instinct
b)
physical adaptation
c)
hibernation
d)
migration
96.
What adaptation does a musk ox have that allows it to survive in a cold climate. 
a)
claws
b)
horns
c)
round eyes
d)
fur
97.
Different species of plant-eating animals on the savanna eat plants at different heights. Why do animals adapt this way?
a)
They are picky eaters.
b)
They avoid their predators which are at the other heights. 
c)
They can all share the same habitat.
d)
They migrate to the savanna during different seasons. 
98.
The African elephant is on a list of endangered animals. It is a vegetarian and lives in the forests and grasslands. Based on this data, what conclusion can you draw about the possible reason for its declining population?
a)
The available forests and grasslands habitats have declined. 
b)
An epidemic disease  has struck the African elephant. 
c)
A drought has affected the African elephants. 
d)
There is an increase in the population of African elephant's predators.
99.

Which would be an adaptation useful in a cold biome?

a)

Being of a smaller size

b)

Being active during the cooler times of day

c)

Blubber/fat

d)

Having dark fur

100.

what is an adaptation?

a)

a change in behavior or physical aspect of an organism in order to be better suited to survive in a particular environment.

b)

a change that an organism quickly develps to survive

c)

a unique characteristic that makes an organsism more dominant

d)

a shift in an organisms behavior

101.

Adapatations lead to...

a)

Unique organisms

b)

Evolution

c)

Mutations

d)

Stronger Organsisms

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