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WorksheetsIB Biology - Unit 7 Revision
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 18mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which scientists provided evidence that DNA, rather than protein, was the genetic material?
a)
Hershey & Chase
b)
Crick & Watson
c)
Florey & Chain
d)
Meselson & Stahl
2.
What work by Rosalind Franklin helped provide evidence that DNA was a helix shape?
a)
Polymerase Chain Reaction
b)
X-ray diffraction
c)
Gel electrophoresis
d)
DNA profiling
3.
What proteins are associated with eukaryotic DNA?
a)
Enzymes
b)
Histones
c)
Collagen
d)
Immunoglobulins
4.
What are the structures formed when DNA is wrapped around histone proteins?
a)
Nucleosome
b)
Nucleotome
c)
Nucleostome
d)
Nucleochrome
5.
DNA strands run antiparallel to each other. If one strand is called the leading strand, what is the other strand called?
a)
Following
b)
Recessive
c)
Lagging
d)
Reverse
6.
One DNA strand is replicated in a discontinuous manner. What is the name of the fragments that are formed and must be joined together?
a)
Kazoki fragments
b)
Okazaki fragments
c)
Kozikio fragments
d)
Zakioko fragments
7.
Which enzyme in DNA replication releases the strain caused by unwinding the DNA?
a)
DNA Ligase
b)
DNA Primase
c)
DNA Topoisomerase
d)
DNA Polymerase
8.
Which proteins prevent the two strands from joining back together before replication has occurred?
a)
Single-stranded binding proteins
b)
DNA Topoisomerase
c)
DNA Primase
d)
Histones
9.
What must be added in order for DNA polymerase to start adding nucleotides in DNA replication?
a)
RNA Primer
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
Helicase
10.
Which enzyme replaces the RNA primers with the correct DNA nucleotides?
a)
DNA Polymerase III
b)
DNA Polymerase I
c)
DNA Polymerase IV
d)
DNA Polymerase II
11.
To which end can DNA Polymerase add nucleotides?
a)
5' end only
b)
Neither the 3' or 5' end
c)
3' or 5' end
d)
3' end only
12.
In what direction does replication occur?
a)
5' to 3'
b)
5' to 1'
c)
3' to 5'
d)
1' to 5'
13.
Which enzyme joins fragments of DNA together in replication?
a)
DNA Helicase
b)
DNA Primase
c)
DNA Topoisomerase
d)
DNA Ligase
14.
Which enzyme unwinds the DNA strands in replication?
a)
DNA Ligase
b)
DNA Topoisomerase
c)
DNA Helicase
d)
DNA Primase
15.
Which of the following is not a function of non-coding regions of DNA?
a)
Guides to produce tRNA and rRNA
b)
Protein synthesis
c)
Telomeres
d)
Regulating gene expression
16.
What sections of non-coding regions of DNA can be used in DNA profiling?
a)
Exons
b)
Telomeres
c)
Enhancers
d)
Tandem Repeats
17.
What are non-coding regions of DNA called?
a)
Introns
b)
Exons
c)
Extrons
d)
Ixons
18.
What are coding regions of DNA called?
a)
Extrons
b)
Exons
c)
Introns
d)
Ixons
19.
What can be used to stop DNA replication in preparation of samples for base sequencing?
a)
ribonucleic acid
b)
dideoxyribonucleic acid
c)
deoxyribonucleic acid
d)
diribonucleic acid
20.
What is the function of the promoter?
a)
Produces tRNA
b)
Enhancer of gene expression
c)
Silences gene expression
d)
Binding site for RNA polymerase
21.
Which of the following is a way for gene expression to be regulated?
a)
By proteins that bind to specific base sequences in RNA
b)
By spliceosomes
c)
By tRNA-activating enzymes
d)
By proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA
22.
All proteins are expressed all the time
a)
True
b)
False
23.
What is the term for the control of which genes are switched on or off in a cell?
a)
Gene switching
b)
Gene expression
c)
Gene manipulation
d)
Gene presentation
24.
How can environmental factors affect the expression of genes?
a)
By replicating nucleosomes
b)
By changing the pattern of DNA methylation
c)
By adding histones
d)
By changing the base sequence of genes
25.
During which stage does splicing of RNA occur?
a)
Post transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
d)
Replication
26.
The addition of what group increases DNA coiling?
a)
Acetyl group
b)
Amine group
c)
Carboxyl group
d)
Methyl group
27.
What can methyl and acetyl groups be added to?
a)
Histones only
b)
The base thymine and histones
c)
The base cytosine only
d)
The base cytosine and histones
28.
What is the name for DNA coiled around a group of histone proteins?
a)
Polysome
b)
Histosome
c)
Ribosome
d)
Nucleosome
29.
The addition of what group usually decreases DNA coiling and leads to increased gene expression?
a)
Methyl
b)
Amine
c)
Ester
d)
Acetyl
30.
In which process(es) do nucleosomes play a role in eukaryotes?
a)
Transcription regulation & DNA supercoiling
b)
tRNA activation, transcription regulation & DNA supercoiling
c)
tRNA activation only
d)
Transcription regulation only
31.
What happens during transcription in eukaryotes?
a)
Nucleosomes are phosphorylated
b)
Okazaki fragments are produced
c)
RNA polymerase separates DNA strands
d)
Polysomes move
32.
There are less protein coding genes than there are proteins. What is the reason for this?
a)
There are more types of amino acids than nucleotides
b)
Exons are removed during translation
c)
Base substitutions occur during transcription
d)
mRNA can be alternatively spliced after transcription
33.
What term refers to the changes that occur to mRNA once it is produced?
a)
Translation
b)
Post-transcriptional modification
c)
mRNA activation
d)
Gene regulation
34.
In what direction does transcription occur?
a)
Transcription does not have a direction
b)
3' to 5' only
c)
5' to 3' and 3' to 5'
d)
5' to 3' only
35.
What term refers to the chemical modifications of chromatin that affect gene expression?
a)
mRNA activation
b)
tRNA activation
c)
Post-transcriptional modification
d)
Epigenetic factors
36.
Which desribes the structure of a ribosome?
a)
2 subunits & 3 binding sites
b)
2 subunits & 2 binding sites
c)
3 subunits & 3 binding sites
d)
3 subunits & 2 binding sites
37.
What letters are given to the tRNA binding sites on ribosomes?
a)
E, P and A
b)
E, R and A
c)
O, R and A
d)
O, P and Q
38.
How many tRNA molecules can bind to a ribosome at one time?
a)
4
b)
1
c)
3
d)
2
39.
Which statement describes the structure of tRNA?
a)
Codon loop, site for an amino acid, two other loops, double stranded sections
b)
Anticodon loop, site for an amino acid, two other loops, single stranded sections
c)
Anticodon loop, site for an amino acid, four other loops, double stranded sections
d)
double stranded sections
40.
Which enzyme attaches an amino acid to a tRNA molecule?
a)
tRNA-activating enzyme
b)
tRNA-initiating enzyme
c)
Aminotransferase
d)
Peptidotransferase
41.
What molecule is needed for the attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA?
a)
RNA polymerase
b)
Single-stranded binding proteins
c)
Ligase
d)
ATP
42.
What stage of translation involves assembly of the components that carry out the process?
a)
Actuation
b)
Elongation
c)
Instigation
d)
Initiation
43.
What stage of translation involves the synthesis of the polypeptide in a repeated cycle of events?
a)
Extension
b)
Evolution
c)
Elongation
d)
Enlargening
44.
What stage of translation involves the disassembly of the components?
a)
Cessation
b)
Termination
c)
Conclusion
d)
Completion
45.
What direction does a ribosome move along an mRNA?
a)
5' to 3'
b)
4' to 2'
c)
3' to 5'
d)
2' to 4'
46.
What is the role of bound ribosomes?
a)
Synthesise proteins for use within the cell
b)
Synthesise proteins for secretion or use in lysosomes
c)
Allow a greater amount of protein synthesis
d)
Modify synthesised proteins
47.
Why can translation occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes?
a)
They have less genes
b)
They have different enzymes
c)
Absence of a nuclear membrane
d)
mRNA is shorter
48.
What are polysomes?
a)
Packages of 8 histones with DNA
b)
Strings of amino acids
c)
Many ribosomes joined to 1 mRNA
d)
Complexes of tRNA with amino acids
49.
What determines the primary structure of a protein?
a)
Four polypeptide chains
b)
Side chain interactions
c)
Genetic information
d)
Hydrogen bonding
50.
Which types of interactions stabilise alpha helices and beta pleated sheets?
a)
Hydrogen bonding
b)
Ionic bonding
c)
Covalent bonding
d)
Disulphide bridges
51.
What forms during the secondary structure of proteins?
a)
Beta-pleated sheets only
b)
Disulphide bridges and alpha helices
c)
Alpha helices only
d)
Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets
52.
What structure of proteins involves interactions between R groups?
a)
Tertiary
b)
Quarternary
c)
Primary
d)
Secondary
53.
What interaction(s) occur in the tertiary structure of proteins?
a)
Hydrogen and ionic bonding between R groups
b)
Disulphide bridges and hydrogen & ionic bonding between R groups
c)
Hydrogen bonding between R groups only
d)
Disulphide bridges only
54.
What structure of proteins exists when there is more than one polypeptide chain?
a)
Secondary
b)
Quarternary
c)
Primary
d)
Tertiary
55.
What does the hydrolysis of ATP in tRNA activation result in?
a)
Phosphate and AMP
b)
Pyrophosphate and AMP
c)
Pyrophosphate and ADP
d)
Phosphate and ADP
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