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Unit 1 2022

Total questions: 93

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Watery material that contains cell organelles

a)

cytoplasm

b)

cytoskeleton

c)

lysosome

d)

chromatin

2.

Makes lipids and detoxifies drugs and toxins

a)

cell membrane

b)

ribosomes

c)

smooth ER

d)

rough ER

3.

site of protein synthesis

a)

smooth ER

b)

rough ER

c)

ribosomes

d)

chromatin

4.

harvests energy for the cell

a)

mitochondria

b)

ribosomes

c)

rough ER

d)

smooth ER

5.

packages and secretes products of the cell

a)

vesicles

b)

Golgi body

c)

vacuole

d)

cytoskeleton

6.

When an organism has cells with a nucleus, they are called _______.

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes

c)

Bacteria

d)

Archaea

7.

What is the basic unit of an organism?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Organ

c)

Organelles

d)

Cell

8.

What kind of organism is made of many cells, each with a special function?

a)

Multicellular

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Unicellular

9.

What are the small structures inside of cells that carry out specific functions called?

a)

Organelles

b)

Tissues

c)

Organs

10.

One example of a prokaryote is a.....

a)

Animal

b)

Plant

c)

Virus

d)

Bacteria

11.

What kind of cell?

a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

c)

Both

12.

What kind of cell?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

Both

13.
This organelle acts like a gatekeeper, allowing some materials to pass through it, but not others. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Vacuole
14.
Where is the genetic material found in the cell? 
a)
Nucleolus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Nucleus
d)
Chloroplast
15.

Organelles where photosynthesis occurs, are green due to chlorophyll pigment found in them.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

16.
This organelle helps plants keep their rigid structure. 
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
17.

___ is particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.

a)

Active transport

b)

Passive transport

18.

Which type of passive transport focuses on the movement of water through the membrane?

a)

Facilitated diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Diffusion

19.

What term describes a solution that has the same solute concentration inside of and outside of the cell?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

20.

The cell shrunk in size, which means it was placed in a ____ solution.

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Hypotonic

21.

What is the diffusion of water across a cell or semi-permeable membrane?

a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Passive Transport
22.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
23.
Active transport requires energy because...
a)
The cell is moving something against a concentration gradient
b)
The cell is moving something with a concentration gradient
24.
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm. What is the best explanation for his observation?
a)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport.
b)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by osmosis.
c)
Salt moved into the lettuce cells by diffusion.
d)
Water moved out of the lettuce cells by osmosis.
25.

What part of the cell regulates what can enter and leave the cell?  

a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
26.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
27.

What is the movement of small particles across a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached? 

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Ion Channel

28.

What is the term to describe maintaining internal balance in the cell? 

a)

Diffusion

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Active transport

29.

Which of these is not a form of passive transport?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

30.

Which process moves molecules from low to high concentration?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Active transport

31.

What type of active transport does waste move out of the cell?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Sodium Potassium Pump

d)

Diffusion

32.

What type of active transport does food move into the cell?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Sodium Potassium Pump

d)

Diffusion

33.

Active transport requires

a)

A concentration gradient

b)

Osmosis

c)

Energy

d)

Hypertonic solution

34.

The picture shows

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

35.

The picture shows

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

36.

Which type of transport goes from low concentration to high concentration using ATP energy?

a)

active transport

b)

passive transport

37.

What type of transport is occurring in the diagram?

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

active transport

38.

Diffusion is a form of __________ transport.

a)

Passive

b)

Active

c)

Easy

d)

Free

39.

Passive Transport uses ____ energy

a)

no

b)

a lot of

c)

a little bit of

d)

some

40.

_____________ is the free movement of particles across the membrane with the concentration gradient

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

active transport

d)

fusion

41.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
42.
In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion 
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis 
43.

Which is true of both simple diffusion and osmosis?

a)

They are systems of passive transport in which substances move with the direction of the concentration gradient.

b)

They are systems of passive transport in which substances move against the concentration gradient.

c)

They are systems of active transport in which substances move with the direction of the concentration gradient.

d)

They are systems of active transport in which substances move against the concentration gradient.

44.

Which of the following statements best describes active transport?

a)

Active transport is a process of moving substances against the concentration gradient with the use of ATP energy.

b)

Active transport is a process in which carrier proteins change shape to assist in the movement of large molecules in the same direction as the concentration gradient.

c)

Active transport occurs within the lungs where gases must be quickly exchanged for cellular respiration.

d)

All of the options describe the process of active transport.

45.

Which is true of a sodium-potassium pump?

a)

The sodium-potassium pump moves three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell.

b)

The sodium-potassium pump moves three sodium ions into the cell and two potassium ions out of the cell.

c)

The sodium-potassium pump moves both sodium and potassium ions into the cell.

d)

The sodium-potassium pump moves both sodium and potassium ions out of the cell.

46.

This is a picture of a conentration gradient. In which direction will substances passively move across the membrane?

a)

From left to right.

b)

From right to left.

c)

The substances will not move without a pump.

d)

It's impossible to tell from this picture.

47.

A ______________ is a large molecule.

a)

Micromolecule

b)

Polymer

c)

Amino Acid

d)

Macromolecule

48.

Which of the following elements are found in all macromolecules? (Select all that apply).

a)
b)
c)
d)
49.

Which of the following is not one of the four major classes of macromolecules?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbon

c)

Protein

d)

Carbohydrates

e)

Nucleic Acid

50.

Which macromolecule is used as our main source of energy?

a)

Lipids/Fats

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

51.

Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates? (Select all that apply).

a)

Bread

b)

Pasta

c)

Olive Oil

d)

Cheese

52.

Which macromolecule stores energy?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids/Fats

d)

Nucleic Acids

53.

Nucleic acids make up which of the two molecules listed below?

a)

FDA

b)

RNA

c)

DNA

d)

FDR

54.

This is one job proteins do not have in the body.

a)

structure for tissues and organs

b)

transport things through cell membranes

c)

speed up chemical reactions

d)

insulation

55.

An avocado is an example of a which macromolecule?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid/Fat

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

56.

This macromolecule breaks down into sugars such as glucose.

a)

Lipids/Fats

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Protein

d)

Carbohydrates

57.

This macromolecule is found in fermented foods like kimchi and sauerkraut.

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids/Fats

58.

Which type of fat is considered healthier than others?

a)

Saturated Fat

b)

Unsaturated Fat

c)

Monounsaturated Fats

d)

Trans Fat

59.

Salmon is an example of what 2 macromolecules?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids/Fats

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acids

60.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
61.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
62.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
63.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
64.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
65.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
66.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
67.
All polymers are made up of...
a)
monosaccharides
b)
monomers
c)
proteins
d)
None of these
68.

The most important element that is the backbone of all biological molecules

a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
69.
Building blocks of the body, hair , muscles etc.
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
70.
Enzymes are..
a)
nucleic acids 
b)
carbohydrates 
c)
lipids 
d)
proteins 
71.
Which is an example of a lipid?
a)
Candy
b)
Olive Oil
c)
DNA
d)
Meat
72.
Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
73.
The organic compounds that have many structural purposes and are used in many processes within the
cell are called ____________________.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
74.
What are the four macromolecules?
a)
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
b)
monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccaharides, and proteins
c)
RNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates
d)
proteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids
75.

A monosaccharide is....

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipids

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

76.

What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?

a)

activation energy

b)

adhesion energy

c)

cohesion energy

d)

chemical energy

77.

Which of the following statements is true about catalysts (enzymes)?

a)

Catalysts slow down the rate of chemical reactions.

b)

Enzymes help regulate pH.

c)

Catalysts are used up during a chemical reaction.

d)

Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction.

78.

An enzyme and substrate can be compared to

a)

lock and key

b)

a faucet

c)

a door hinge

d)

light switch

79.

The picture below shows an enzyme acting on a substrate to form products during a chemical reaction. Using the figure, what letters represents the enzyme?

a)

A and B

b)

B and D

c)

A and E

d)

D and E

80.

Which macromolecule is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

81.

Which macromolecule is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

82.

Which building blocks are correctly matched to the macromolecule they form?

a)

Amino acids make proteins.

b)

Glucose molecules make lipids.

c)

Nucleotides make carbohydrates.

d)

Fatty acid chains make nucleic acids.

83.

Which of the following statements illustrates why carbon atoms are so important in living organisms?

a)

Carbon atoms contain large stores of energy.

b)

Carbon is found in most inorganic compounds.

c)

Carbon atoms are polar which allows them to dissolve many compounds.

d)

Carbon is able to bond to many other atoms to form large and complex molecules.

84.

Which of the following structures is represented by the figure?

a)

amino acid

b)

nucleotide

c)

triglyceride

d)

monosaccharide

85.

The graph shows the progress of a biochemical reaction. What effect would an enzyme have on the reaction?

a)

An enzyme would increase the amount of energy at Point 3.

b)

An enzyme would increase the amount of energy needed at Point 1.

c)

An enzyme would decrease the energy needed to move from Point 1 to Point 2.

d)

An enzyme would cause the amount of energy at Point 1 and Point 3 to switch places.

86.

The diagram shows three repeating units of a polymer. Which of the following molecular structures make up the repeating units shown in the diagram?

a)

amino acid

b)

nucleotide

c)

triglyceride

d)

monosaccharide

87.

At very high temperatures, most enzymes do not increase the rate of the reactions they regulate. What is the most likely reason for this lack of enzyme activity at very high temperatures?

a)

The enzyme denatures and can no longer function properly.

b)

The enzyme would have already broken down at a much lower temperature.

c)

The products would have already been used up in the reaction by the time it reaches that high temperature.

d)

The enzyme would have already sped up the rate of reaction as much as it could and would not be affected by the increase in temperature.

88.

What macromolecule is shown?

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Lipid

89.

What macromolecule is shown?

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Lipid

d)

Carbohydrate

90.

What is the monomer of a lipid?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Monosaccharides

d)

Glucose

91.

What macromolecule is shown?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Protein

d)

Lipid

92.

What macromolecule is shown?

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

93.

What macromolecule is shown?

a)

Proteins

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Lipids

d)

Carbohydrates

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