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LBBBI17 #3

Total questions: 98

Worksheet time: 2hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The process of replicating the DNA in vitro was made possible by the discovery of the structure of DNA by _ & _

a)

Francis Crick

b)

Ada Yonath

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

James Watson

2.

A perfect example of biomimicry wherein scientists amplify the amount of nucleotides they have by simulating the process of replication that originally happens within the nucleus as a precursor to mitosis

a)

PCR

b)

AGE

c)

DNA Quantification

d)

DNA Extraction

3.

A laboratory process that can be divided into two major parts

a)

PCR

b)

AGE

c)

DNA Quantification

d)

DNA Extraction

4.

Two major parts of PCR

a)

Preparation of the gel

b)

Preparation of the reaction cocktail

c)

Amplification procedure

d)

Loading and running of samples

e)

Preparation of the Master Mix

5.

_ are often specific to the target gene being amplified, and can be adjusted to various conditions by changing the concentrations of the component

a)

ddH2O

b)

Reaction cocktails

c)

Master Mix

d)

AGE

6.

A process that is a fine adjustment of these components , and is a vital task in molecular biology

a)

Optimization

b)

Running the samples

c)

Preparation

d)

Loading the samples

7.

What is being amplified to serve as a molecular marker for species identification and for possible detection of evolutionary relationships

a)

Target species

b)

Target gene

c)

Target protein

d)

Target RNA

8.

What are the needed ingredients to create a Master Mix?

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

MgCl2

c)

dNTPs

d)

Forward & Reverse primer

e)

Taq polymerase

9.

The volume needed for the Total reactions of your Master Mix

a)

10 samples + 1 negative control

b)

10 samples + 2 negative control

c)

10 samples + 3 negative control

d)

1 samples + 4 negative control

10.

Reaction volume

a)

10 uL

b)

20 uL

c)

30 uL

d)

40 uL

11.

Amount of template DNA to be added

a)

1 uL

b)

2 uL

c)

3 uL

d)

4 uL

12.

Solvent used for Master Mix buffer

a)

ddH2O

b)

Agarose Gel

c)

MgCl2

d)

dNTPs

13.

Components of your Master Mix

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

MgCl2

c)

dNTPs

d)

Forward/Reverse primer

e)

Taq polymerase

14.

Where do we prepare the Master Mix?

a)

Hot environment

b)

Sterile environment

c)

Cold environment

d)

Humid environment

15.

How many cycles during the Initial denaturation?

a)

1 cycle

b)

35 cycels

c)

10 cyceles

d)

28 cycles

16.

How many cycles during the Elongation stage?

a)

1 cycle

b)

35 cycels

c)

10 cyceles

d)

28 cycles

17.

How many cycles during the Final extension?

a)

1 cycle

b)

35 cycels

c)

10 cyceles

d)

28 cycles

18.

Duration/cycle during the Initial denaturation

a)

1 m 30 s

b)

30 s

c)

1 m

d)

10 m

19.

Duration/cycle during the Denaturation

a)

1 m 30 s

b)

30 s

c)

1 m

d)

10 m

20.

Duration/cycle during the Annealing

a)

1 m 30 s

b)

30 s

c)

1 m

d)

10 m

21.

Duration/cycle during the Elongation

a)

1 m 30 s

b)

30 s

c)

1 m

d)

10 m

22.

Duration/cycle during the Final extension

a)

1 m 30 s

b)

30 s

c)

1 m

d)

10 m

23.

Temperature during Initial denaturation

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

24.

Temperature during Denaturation

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

25.

Temperature during Annealing

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

26.

Temperature during Elongation

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

27.

Temperature during Final extension

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

28.

Temperature during Optional dwelling

a)

95°C

b)

50°C

c)

72°C

d)

4°C

29.

Semi-conservative

a)

DNA Replication

b)

DNA Transcription

c)

DNA Translation

d)

DNA Synthesis

30.

Subunits of each strand

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Antiparallel

d)

Opposite

31.

Sugar molecule

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Antiparallel

d)

Opposite

32.

DNA's directionality of 5' to 3'

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Antiparallel

d)

Opposite

33.

During DNA Replication, strands are _ to each other

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Deoxyribose

c)

Antiparallel

d)

Opposite

34.

Creates replication fork by unzipping DNA

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Exonuclease

e)

Topoisomerase

35.

Small piece of enzyme/RNA primer, which catalyze the synthesis of short RNA

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Exonuclease

e)

Topoisomerase

36.

Responsible for replication & maintenance

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Exonuclease

e)

Topoisomerase

37.

Removes RNA primer so another polymerase can fill the spot

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Exonuclease

e)

Topoisomerase

38.

Uncoils DNA

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Exonuclease

e)

Topoisomerase

39.

Bind SD to DNA so that it doesn't zip again since DNA is highly attracted to the other strand, which prevents coiling, fusing, and sealing

a)

Binding proteins

b)

Ligase

c)

Taq polymerase

d)

Okazaki fragments

e)

Leading strand

40.

Seals DNA

a)

Binding proteins

b)

Ligase

c)

Taq polymerase

d)

Okazaki fragments

e)

Leading strand

41.

Proponent for PCR

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

James Watson

c)

Francis Crick

d)

Kary Mullis

42.

Process of producing/amplifying millions to billions of copies of specific segments in DNA

a)

DNA Replication

b)

PCR

c)

DNA Translation

d)

DNA Transcription

43.

Replication is to _ , as PCR is to _

a)

Genome

b)

Segment of gene

c)

DNA

d)

Nucleotides

44.

During the cell cycle, Replication occurs during the _

a)

Interphase

b)

S phase

c)

G1 phase

d)

G2 phase

45.

Applications of PCR

a)

Species identification

b)

Forensic biology

c)

Population genetics & Genetics diversity

d)

Gene expression/Genotyping

e)

Detection of pathogens

46.

PCR mixture is called _

(a)  

47.

Extracted DNA for the synthesis of new copies

a)

DNA Template

b)

Primers

c)

dNTPs

d)

PCR Buffer

e)

Taq polymerase

48.

Mark the location of where replication should start

a)

DNA Template

b)

Primers

c)

dNTPs

d)

PCR Buffer

e)

Taq polymerase

49.

Building blocks of new DNA

a)

DNA Template

b)

Primers

c)

dNTPs

d)

PCR Buffer

e)

Taq polymerase

50.

Premix contains a mix of different kinds of ATCG

a)

DNA Template

b)

Primers

c)

dNTPs

d)

PCR Buffer

e)

Taq polymerase

51.

dATPS

a)

adenine

b)

thymine

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

52.

dCTPS

a)

adenine

b)

thymine

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

53.

dTTPS

a)

adenosine

b)

thymidine

c)

cytidine

d)

guanosine

54.

dGTPS

a)

adenosine

b)

thymidine

c)

cytidine

d)

guanosine

55.

TRIS, KCl, MgCl2

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

56.

Maintains pH

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

57.

Creates suitable environment for the Taq polymerase

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

58.

Must be near physiological for success

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

59.

Protects reagent & DNA from degradation

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

60.

Synthesis of new copies of DNA during the Annealing stage

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

61.

A cofactor of Taq polymerase to aid in the attachment of free AGTCs

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

62.

Too little of this product increases binding specificity; but too much of this product reduces the binding specificity/efficiency

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

63.

Super pure with no compounds or ions

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

64.

Nuclease free, DNAse free, RNAse free, and with no enzyme

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

65.

Increases efficiency of the Taq polymerase

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

66.

For optimization

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

67.

Not necessary but can be added as an additive to your PCR mixture

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

68.

Not necessary but can be added as an additive to your PCR mixture

a)

PCR Buffer

b)

Taq polymerase

c)

MgCl2

d)

Ultrapure H2O

e)

Adjuvents

69.

Thermostable DNA polymerase

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

70.

Thermophilic eubacteria that is found in hot springs

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

71.

We use this instead of using the DNA polymerase since it cannot subject sample to denaturation step

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

72.

Reverse & Forward

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

73.

A pair of short DNA Fragments that hybridize with the DNA template and define the region that will be amplified

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

74.

Primers amplifies how many base pairs

a)

8-60

b)

10-70

c)

600-700

d)

2000-4000

75.

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 amplifies how many base pairs?

a)

8-60

b)

10-70

c)

600-700

d)

2000-4000

76.

Amplifies DNA on a 1 directional basis

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

77.

Mitochondrial

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

78.

CO1, COX1, MTCO1 Gene is an example of _

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

79.

A standard use in species identification & classification

a)

Taq polymerase

b)

Primers

c)

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

d)

Thermophilic aquaticus

80.

94°C to 96°C

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

81.

Separates DNA and unzips it just like Helicase

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

82.

High temperature that is near to boiling which activates the Taq polymerase

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

83.

25 to 40 cycles for the duplication of copies

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

84.

Denaturation, Annealing, and Extension & Elongation

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

85.

Attachment and marking of the location of the synthesis

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

86.

40°C/45°C-60°C

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

87.

Temperature is primer specific

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

88.

Attachment of DNA to form new strands of DNA

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

89.

Attachment of DNA to form new strands of DNA

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

90.

Formula for Master Mix

(a)  

91.

Stock concentration

a)

C1

b)

V1

c)

C2

d)

V2

92.

Initial volume

a)

C1

b)

V1

c)

C2

d)

V2

93.

Working concentration

a)

C1

b)

V1

c)

C2

d)

V2

94.

Final volume

a)

C1

b)

V1

c)

C2

d)

V2

95.

Amount of experimental units

a)

10

b)

11

c)

12

d)

13

96.

Controls

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

97.

Addition of primers

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Final Extension/Elongation

98.

DNA separates due to high temperature

a)

Initial Denaturation

b)

Amplification

c)

Annealing

d)

Extension/Elongtion

e)

Denaturation

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