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Environmental Science quarter 1 test

Total questions: 139

Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When water vapor is cooled and forms droplets of liquid water

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Runoff

2.
Precipitation occurs because 
a)
the droplets evaporate in the air
b)
the droplets are too light for the air to hold
c)
the droplets are too heavy for the air to hold
3.
When water turns into a gas
a)
condensation 
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
4.
What is condensation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
5.
What is evaporation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
6.
What is water that flows in rivers and streams into the oceans and lakes?
a)
evaporating
b)
condensing
c)
precipitating
d)
runoff
7.
On which kind of day would you expect the most evaporation from the surface of a pond?
a)
cold, rainy
b)
cold, sunny
c)
warm, rainy
d)
warm, sunny
8.

________________ is movement of water past the soil going deep into the groundwater.

a)

Evaporation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Percolation

d)

Sublimation

9.

____________________ is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil.

a)

Infiltration

b)

Percolation

c)

Deposition

d)

Condensation

10.

__________________ is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. It is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.

a)

Transpiration

b)

Percolation

c)

Infiltration

d)

Plant Uptake

11.

Water that flows across the land and enters rivers and streams. It eventually flows into lakes and the ocean.

a)

Transpiration

b)

Surface Runoff

c)

Deposition

d)

Precipitation

12.
What happens to particles when they are heated?
a)
They speed up and spread out
b)
They slow down and compress
c)
They stop moving
d)
They move closer together and speed up
13.

What is it called when water sticks to water?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Capillary Action

d)

Xylem

14.

What allows water to stick to particles of dust in the air, thereby condensing to form clouds?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Dipole moment

d)

Phloem

15.

How does water enter a plant?

a)

through the stomata

b)

through the roots

c)

by active transport in root hair cells

d)

by osmosis in root hair cells

16.

This vascular tissue (tubes) is responsible for the transportation of water and minerals up from the roots to the stem then leaves

a)

Stomata

b)

Shoot

c)

Phloem

d)

Xylem

17.
Water exits the leaf through the __.
a)
Stomata
b)
Flower
c)
Roots
d)
Phloem
18.

What ions cause hardness in water?

(all two)

a)

Calcium

b)

Sodium

c)

Magnesium

d)

Hydrogen

19.

Select one way to reduce water use.

a)

wash dishes under a running tap

b)

install a rain barrel to downspouts

c)

take baths instead of showers

20.

Wastewater from people’s homes that can be recycled and put to good use. Treated groundwater can be used to irrigate both food and non-food producing plants.

a)

Blackwater

b)

Sewage

c)

Greywater

d)

Rainwater

21.
The process of plants losing water through their leaves is called ____.
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
exhaling
22.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
23.
Where is carbon stored in the environment?
a)
Fossil fuels
b)
Wood of trees
c)
Calcium carbonate (shells and bones)
d)
All of the above
24.

A particular golf course is using large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. What process could move this nitrogen into a local stream?

a)

volatilization

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

runoff and leaching

d)

ammonification

25.
What converts nitrogen into a useable form for plants and animals?
a)
bacteria
b)
fungi
c)
rain
26.

What cycle are fossil fuels part of ?

a)

carbon

b)

oxygen

c)

nitrogen

d)

phosphorus

27.

What is the largest reservoir for water?

a)

the ocean

b)

rocks and minerals

c)

the atmosphere

d)

glaciers

28.

What is the largest reservoir for nitrogen?

a)

the ocean

b)

rocks and minerals

c)

the atmosphere

d)

bacteria

29.
Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere by
a)
Burning fossil fuels 
b)
Cellular respiration
c)
Decomposing organic matter
d)
All answers are correct
30.

In an ecosystem, what happens to the atoms of certain chemical elements, such as carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen?

a)

They move into and out of living systems.

b)

They are only found in abiotic factors.

c)

They move out of living systems and do not return.

d)

They move into living systems and remain there.

31.

Nitrogen fixation is the process in which certain bacteria convert nitrogen gas into

a)

liquid nitrogen

b)

nitrates

c)

nitrites

d)

ammonia

32.

The water cycle is driven by

a)

water

b)

wind

c)

the sun

d)

Earth's rotation

33.

When water is heated in the ocean by the sun and turns into water vapor

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

34.

After condensation, the droplets of water in the clouds fall to Earth in different forms...

a)

precipitation

b)

condensation

c)

evaporation

35.

When tiny droplets of water form in the air it is called

a)

precipitation

b)

evaporation

c)

condensation

36.

Plant roots directly obtain water from

a)

Water vapor

b)

Groundwater stored below the soil

c)

Precipitation

d)

Water runoff from rivers and streams

37.

Human activity can increase CO2 levels in the atmosphere through

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Burning of fossil fuels

c)

Planting more trees

d)

Removing nitrogen from fertilizer.

38.

According to the diagram, geologic activity, such as volcanoes,

a)

Increases the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

b)

Decreases the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

39.

Nitrogen in the atmosphere is unusable. What form is nitrogen in the atmosphere?

a)

Nitrites

b)

Ammonia

c)

Nitrates

d)

N2 gas

40.
In the carbon cycle, producers take in the gas __
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon monoxide
41.

Denitrifying bacteria

a)

Turn nitrogen gas into nitrates so that plants can synthesize amino acids.

b)

Turn nitrates into nitrites so that nitrogen fixing bacteria can synthesize DNA.

c)

Returns nitrogen into the atmosphere in the form of N2 gas.

d)

Use phosphorus as fertilizer.

42.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
43.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
44.

A correct path that nitrogen could take would be

a)

air -> animals -> plants -> bacteria

b)

animals -> air -> bacteria -> plants

c)

bacteria -> air -> plants -> animals

d)

air -> bacteria -> plants -> animals

45.
How does carbon dioxide leave the atmosphere and become part of the food chain?
a)
Through transpiration
b)
Through photosynthesis
c)
Through factory emission
d)
Sunlight
46.

Decomposition is part of all cycles except _______

a)

the carbon cycle

b)

the nitrogen cycle

c)

the water cycle

d)

the phosphorus cycle

47.

The factor that causes the most changes to the cycles is ______

a)

weather

b)

humans

c)

temperature

d)

time

48.
Which would increase the amount of runoff you get?
a)
Vegetation
b)
More plants
c)
Urban Development
49.

An Aquifer is

a)

porous rock that allows water to flow through it

b)

water that flows through and collects in rock pores

c)

water that soaks into the ground

50.

Infiltration is

a)

porous rock that allows water to flow through it

b)

water that flows through and collects in rock pores

c)

water that soaks into the ground

51.

A simple way to look at the transfer of food energy through an ecosystem in an ecosystem is

a)

through a trophic level

b)

through a Food Chain

c)

through a Food Web

52.

Herbivores eat

a)

Everything

b)

only plants.

c)

only meat

53.

Decomposer is responsible for

a)

eating all the meat.

b)

recycle nutrients in an ecosystem.

c)

eat only plants.

54.

Trophic Levels represent ...

a)

level of students at VOHS.

b)

levels of nourishment in a food chain.

c)

level of largest plants

55.

Models the complex network of feeding relationships

a)

trophic levels

b)

food webs

c)

food chains

56.

Plants are...

a)

producers

b)

herbivores

c)

omnivores

57.

Calories, kilocalories, and joules are a measure of

a)

species

b)

energy

c)

plants

58.

Ecosystem

a)

The thin layer of land, air, and water that is home to all living organisms

b)

Consists of all the living organisms and their interactions with

nonliving components.

c)

All the members of the same species living in one place.

d)

The flow of energy patterns involving the feeding relationships between producers and consumers in a community.

59.

Biodiversity

a)

The flow of energy patterns involving the feeding relationships

between producers and consumers in a community

b)

The total number of animal and plant species in an ecosystem.

c)

The living components of an ecosystem.

d)

The nonliving, physical factors that affect the living components in an

ecosystem.

60.

Biotic

a)

The flow of energy patterns involving the feeding relationships

between producers and consumers in a community

b)

The total number of animal and plant species in an ecosystem.

c)

The living components of an ecosystem.

d)

The nonliving, physical factors that affect the living components in an

ecosystem.

61.

Producers

a)

Organisms that can make their own food, usually green plants.

b)

The total number of animal and plant species in an ecosystem.

c)

The living components of an ecosystem.

d)

The nonliving, physical factors that affect the living components in an ecosystem.

62.

Community

a)

Organisms that can make their own food, usually green plants.

b)

The total number of animal and plant species in an ecosystem.

c)

The living components of an ecosystem.

d)

All the populations of different species living in the same area.

63.

Select all the biotic factors from the list.

a)

Water

b)

Turtle

c)

Log Turtles are Sitting On

d)

Grasses

e)

Sun

64.

In this food web, the gray fox is a...

a)

Primary Consumer

b)

Secondary Consumer

c)

Both a Primary Consumer and a Secondary Consumer

d)

Producer

65.

If only 10% of the energy in the pyramid is available as you move from one trophic level to the next, what happens to the other 90%?

a)

Passed on to decomposers

b)

Metabolized and "lost" as heat energy and waste

c)

Assembled into tissues of producers permanently

d)

False statement - 100% of the energy is available

66.

The initial source of energy for all ecosystems is...

a)

The Sun

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Sugar

d)

There is no one source

67.

If the average Bluefin Tun weighs 20 pounds, how many pounds of secondary consumers are needed in the third trophic level to support it?

a)

20 pounds

b)

200 pounds

c)

2,000 pounds

d)

20,000 pounds

68.

What are the PRODUCERS in this food web?

a)

Wildflowers and Grass

b)

Rabbit and Mouse

c)

Snake and Hawk

d)

Grass and Mouse

69.

Which is a SECONDARY CONSUMER in this food web?

a)

Snake

b)

Mouse

c)

Grass

d)

Wildflowers

70.

A habitat is ___________________.

a)

the place or kind of place in which an animal or plant naturally lives.

b)

is how plants produce their own food.

c)

is an animal that only eats meat.

d)

the place where only one animal lives.

71.

An organism’s habitat provides _____________________.

a)

food, water, shelter, and space.

b)

food, water, and clothes.

c)

only food.

d)

video games, ninjas, and baked beans.

72.

The flock of white seagulls that are fighting over a single food source (Nemo & Dory) depicts which ecological relatioship?

a)

Intraspecies Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Commensalism

73.

A pair of red, male kangaroos are seen fighting over a potential mate. The ecological relationship between the two male kangaroos shown is -

a)

Commensalism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Predator-Prey

d)

Competition

74.

The animal in an ecological relationship that results in another animal being hunted, killed, and eaten…

a)

autotroph

b)

habitat

c)

predator

d)

herbivore

e)

producer

75.

An ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed…

a)

parasitism

b)

herbivore

c)

mutualism

d)

carnivore

e)

commensalism

76.

This is the job or role of a specific organism within its habitat...

a)

producer

b)

prey

c)

carnivore

d)

niche

e)

photosynthesis

77.

Another word for a plant or other producer that makes its own food using energy from sunlight…

a)

photosynthesis

b)

autotroph

c)

consumer

d)

carnivore

e)

herbivore

78.

Technically speaking, ALL food chains should end with these types of organisms so that nutrients can be recycled back into the habitat…

a)

parasites

b)

predators

c)

herbivores

d)

symbiotes

e)

decomposers

79.

What do you call the total count of a specific organism living within their natural habitat?

a)

ecosystem

b)

community

c)

population

d)

symbiosis

e)

niche

80.
What are animals called in a food chain?
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Plants
81.

The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

a)

They point to the organism that is being eaten.

b)

It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

c)

They show the direction the energy is flowing between organisms.

d)

They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

82.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
83.
A wolf eats a rabbit, that just ate some berries.  What would you call the rabbit?
a)
Producer
b)
Omnivore
c)
Primary Consumer
d)
2nd order Heterotrph
84.
What is indicated by the diagram?
a)
Food web
b)
Food chain
c)
Food map
d)
Food menu
85.
Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food. Which do scientist classify as autotrophs?
a)
Chordates
b)
Fungi
c)
Plants
d)
Molds
86.
Eat primary consumers (can be carnivores and omnivores)
a)
Tertiary Consumers
b)
Secondary Consumers
c)
Quaternary Consumers 
d)
Top Predators 
87.

In the food web above, what organism is a tertiary consumer?

a)

Fox

b)

Frog

c)

Vole

d)

Grass

88.

What term describes the position of an organism on the food chain?

a)

food web

b)

energy levels

c)

trophic levels

d)

matter cycle

89.
In this food chain, what will happen if the frogs become extinct?
a)
The snakes will increase.
b)
The grasshoppers will decrease.
c)
The eagles will remain the same.
d)
The grasshoppers will increase.
90.
Energy increases as you move up the food pyramid (from bottom to top).
a)
True 
b)
False
91.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
92.
In the energy pyramid below, which organism has the least amount of energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivores
c)
Carnivores
d)
Top Predator
93.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
94.
The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain members of the plant kingdom?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
95.
The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:
a)
Primary Consumers
b)
Producers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
96.

The number of organisms at the top of the energy pyramid are usually smaller because the hawk

a)

needs more energy

b)

has more predators

c)

have more offspring

d)

eat producers

97.

In a food web the arrow always points to

a)

the consumer

b)

the prey

c)

producer

d)

autotroph

98.

How much energy is available to be passed on to the next level in a food web?

a)

100%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

75%

99.

If only 10% of the energy in the pyramid is available as you move from one trophic level to the next, what happens to the other 90%?

a)

Passed on to decomposers

b)

Metabolized and "lost" as heat energy and waste

c)

Assembled into tissues of producers permanently

d)

False statement - 100% of the energy is available

100.

If the average Bluefin Tun weighs 20 pounds, how many pounds of secondary consumers are needed in the third trophic level to support it?

a)

20 pounds

b)

200 pounds

c)

2,000 pounds

d)

20,000 pounds

101.

what is a tributary

a)

large body of water entering a stream or river

b)

part of a stream or river that adds to a larger body of water

c)

polution added to large body of water

102.
What is all the water that runs off the surface of the land and washes into rivers, streams, and other waterways called?
a)
Runoff
b)
Storm Drain
c)
Surface Water
d)
Tributary
103.
The health of an ecosystem is directly related to the:
a)
Air quality
b)
Amount of animals in the area
c)
Water quality
d)
Amount of food in the area
104.
Abiotic means: 
a)
Living
b)
Dead
c)
Non-living
d)
Water
105.
Biotic means:
a)
Living
b)
Non-living
c)
Man made
d)
Found in nature
106.
What is an area of higher elevation that separates watersheds?
a)
Estuary
b)
Divide
c)
Wetland
d)
Transition zones
107.
What is a watershed?
a)
Water in an area
b)
Water that flows into a river or stream
c)
Land that water flows over and through
d)
Water that is salty
108.
What is a stream or river that feeds into a larger body of water?
a)
Tributary
b)
Estuary
c)
Bay
d)
Watershed
109.

Look closely at the map of the watershed below. If water enters the watershed at the top of the mountain where the arrow is pointing, at which point will it stop draining?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

110.

All water below the surface of land is called__________.

a)

water table

b)

watershed

c)

groundwater

d)

runoff

111.

__________ tells you how healthy the water is.

a)

water quantity

b)

water quality

c)

good water

d)

tasty water

112.

Which important role do trees play in the health of the bay?

a)

Create shade

b)

They are pretty

c)

Help stop erosion

d)

Provide lumber

113.

The health of an ecosystem is directly related to the...

a)

Air Quality

b)

Water Quality

c)

Amount of animals in the area

d)

Amount of food in the area

114.
Made up of the biotic community and the abiotic factors that affect it. 
a)
ecosystem
b)
water quality
c)
habitat
d)
watershed
115.
Nonliving factors in an ecosystem
a)
biotic
b)
abiotic
c)

estuary

d)
wetlands
116.
temperature, water, rocks, soil, geology, weather are all ___ factors in an ecosystem.
a)
abiotic
b)
biotic
c)
estuary
d)
wetlands
117.
The smaller streams and rivers that feed into the larger river.
a)
tributaries
b)
estuary
c)
wetlands
d)
river system
118.

What is the process of moving sediments from location to another?

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Weathering

d)

Compaction

119.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material 
120.

Which of these is an example of erosion?

a)

Light shinning onto a mountain

b)

Rain breaking down rock

c)

Wind blowing away sediment

d)

All of the above

121.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
122.
Which agents  break down earth materials?
a)
wind only
b)
earthquakes and gravity
c)
ice and 007
d)
wind, water, and ice
123.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving over land?
a)
Ice wedging
b)
Glacier
c)
Iceberg
d)
Dune
124.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

125.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
126.

How do sandy beaches form?

a)

Waves pounding pebbles int smaller and smaller peices

b)

Wind eroding pebbles into smaller pieces

c)

Water freezing and thawing the cracks of pebbles

d)

Rain wearing away rocks into smaller and smaller pieces

127.

How do plants in the soil affect how fast erosion happens?

a)

It doesn't affect erosion.

b)

It slows down erosion.

c)

It speeds up erosion.

128.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
d)
Plants don't weather rocks
129.
The diagrams  shows a natural process that weathers rock.
 Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
130.

Which of the following is NOT an element of erosion?

a)

Water

b)

Wind

c)

Chemical

d)

Electrical Current

131.

Which of the following was formed through erosion?

a)

Eiffel Tower

b)

The Grand Canyon

c)

Mt. Rushmore

d)

The Pyramids of Giza

132.

Wind blowing sand from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

133.

Which of the following is a natural underground basin for storing ground water?

a)

Aquifer

b)

Artesian basin

c)

Sedimentary basin

d)

Well

134.

2) Which of the following is a true statement?

a)

Groundwater is water in a lake.

b)

The contaminants in groundwater are very easy to clean up.

c)

Drilling wells are how groundwater is extracted.

d)

New Orleans is only two hundred feet above sea level.

135.

Which of the following can occur when too much groundwater is pumped out of underground aquifers?

a)

Drought

b)

Flooding

c)

Subsidence

d)

Erosion

136.

Which of the following tells what percent of the world's freshwater supply is made up of groundwater?

a)

Thirty

b)

Fifty

c)

Sixty

d)

Twenty

137.

Which of the following is a true statement?

a)

Groundwater contains more salt than surface water.

b)

Groundwater contains many disease-causing organisms.

c)

Surface water contains more minerals than groundwater.

d)

The Great Artesian Basin is in Africa.

138.

Which of the following is a true statement about surface water?

a)

The temperature of surface water remains constant.

b)

Surface water cannot evaporate.

c)

Surface water is called 'hard' water.

d)

Surface water is called 'soft' water.

139.

The downward movement of water into the soil is called ?

a)

osmosis

b)

infiltration

c)

transpiration

d)

evaporation

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